仪表板外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

1、DashboardFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaThisarticleisaboutacontrolpanelplacedinthefrontofthecar.Forotheruses,seeDashboard(disambiguation).ThedashboardofaBentleyContinentalGTCcarAdashboard(alsocalleddash,instrumentpanel(IP),orfascia)isacontrolpanellocateddirectlyaheadofavehicle'sdriver,displayi

2、nginstrumentationandcontrolsforthevehicle'soperation.Contents1 .Etymology2 .Dashboardfeatures3 .Paddingandsafety4 .Fashionininstrumentation5 .Seealso6.ReferencesEtymologyHorse-drawncarriagedashboardOriginally,theworddashboardappliedtoabarrierofwoodorleatherfixedatthefrontofahorse-drawncarriageor

3、sleightoprotectthedriverfrommudorotherdebris"dashedup"(thrownup)bythehorses'hooves.1Commonlytheseboardsdidnotperformanyadditionalfunctionotherthanprovidingaconvenienthandholdforascendingintothedriver'sseat,orasmallclipwithwhichtosecurethereinswhennotinuse.Whenthefirst"horseles

4、scarriages"wereconstructedinthelate19thcentury,withenginesmountedbeneaththedriversuchastheDaimlerStahlradwagen,thesimpledashboardwasretainedtoprotectoccupantsfromdebristhrownupbythecars'frontwheels.However,ascardesignevolvedtopositionthemotorinfrontofthedriver,thedashboardbecameapanelthatpr

5、otectedvehicleoccupantsfromtheheatandoiloftheengine.Withgraduallyincreasingmechanicalcomplexity,thispanelformedaconvenientlocationfortheplacementofgaugesandminorcontrols,andfromthisevolvedthemoderninstrumentpanel,althoughretainingitsarchaiccommonname.DashboardfeaturesDashboardinstrumentsdisplayingva

6、riouscarandengineconditionsWherethedashboardoriginallyincludedanarrayofsimplecontrols(e.g.,thesteeringwheel)andinstrumentationtoshowspeed,fuellevelandoilpressure,themoderndashboardmayaccommodateabroadarrayofgauges,andcontrolsaswellasinformation,climatecontrolandentertainmentsystems.Contemporarydashb

7、oardsmayincludethespeedometer,tachometer,odometerandfuelgauge,turnindicators,gearshiftpositionindicator,seatbeltwarninglight,parking-brakewarninglight,2andengine-malfunctionlights.Otherfeaturesmayincludeindicatorsforlowfuel,lowoilpressure,lowtirepressureandfaultsintheairbag(SRS)systems,glovecompartm

8、ent,ashtrayandacigarettelighterorpoweroutletaswellasheatingandventilationsystems,lightingcontrols,safetysystems,entertainmentequipmentandinformationsystems,e.g.,navigationsystems.PaddingandsafetyIn1937,Chrysler,Dodge,DeSoto,andPlymouthcarscamewithasafetydashboardthatwasflat,raisedabovekneeheight,and

9、hadallthecontrolsmountedflush.3Paddeddashboardswereadvocatedinthe1930sbycarsafetypioneerClaireL.Straith.4In1948,theTuckerbecamethefirstcarwithapaddeddashboard.5Oneofthesafetyenhancementsofthe1970swasthewidespreadadoptionofpaddeddashboards.Thepaddingiscommonlypolyurethanefoam,whilethesurfaceiscommonl

10、yeitherpolyvinylchloride(PVC)orleatherinthecaseofluxurymodels.Intheearlyandmid-1990s,airbagsbecameastandardfeatureofsteeringwheelsanddashboards.FashionininstrumentationStyliseddashboardfroma1980sLanciaBetaInthe1940sthroughthe1960s,Americancarmanufacturersandtheirimitatorsdesignedunusually-shapedinst

11、rumentsonadashboardladenwithchromeandtransparentplastic,whichcouldbelessreadable,butwasoftenthoughttobemorestylish.Sunlightcouldcauseabrightglareonthechrome,particularlyforaconvertible.WiththeadventoftheVFD,LEDandLCDinconsumerelectronics,somemanufacturersusedinstrumentswithdigitalreadoutstomaketheir

12、carsappearmoreuptodate,butthishasfadedfrompractice.Somecarsuseahead-updisplaytoprojectthespeedofthecarontothewindscreeninimitationoffighteraircraft,butinafarlesscomplexdisplay.Inrecentyears,spurredonbythegrowingaftermarketuseofdashkits,manyautomakershavetakentheinitiativetoaddmorestylisticelementsto

13、theirdashboards.OneprominentexampleofthisistheChevroletSonicwhichoffersbothexterior(e.g.,acustomgraphicspackage)andinteriorcosmeticupgrades.6InadditiontoOEMdashboardtrimandupgradesanumberofcompaniesofferdomedpolyurethaneorvinylappliquedashtrimaccentkitsor"dashkits."ManufacturerssuchasBMW,H

14、onda,ToyotaandMercedes-Benzhaveincludedfuel-economygaugesinsomeinstrumentclusters,showingfuelmileageinrealtime.Theammeterwasthegaugeofchoiceformonitoringthestateofthechargingsystemuntilthe1970s.Lateritwasreplacedbythevoltmeter.Todaymostfamilyvehicleshavewarninglightsinsteadofvoltmetersoroilpressureg

15、augesintheirdashboardinstrumentclusters,thoughsportscarsoftenhavepropergaugesforperformancepurposesanddriverappeasement.SeealsoAircoregaugeCaraudioCarputerControlpanelControlstandElectronicinstrumentclusterGMInstrumentClusterSettlementIndustrialDashboardistermusedtodescribethegraphicaldisplayofmanuf

16、acturinginformation.Muchlikethedashboardinacar,anIndustrialDashboardshowsdatacollectedfromamultitudeofsensorsdisplayedasonequickoverviewofthegeneraloperatingsituation.Sometimesusedasaverb:Dashboarding.Theactofprogrammingtodisplayinformationaboutamanufacturingprocess.“Weareintheprocessofdashboardingt

17、heefficiencydatafromLathe#3.”1TheIndustrialDashboardisthedisplayofdataviaprogramming-typicallyJavaScript,Html5,andPHP.The“Dashboard"isreferringtothegraphayed,notthedevicetheyaredisplayingon.Forinstance-anIndustrialDashboardscreenmaybedisplayedonasmartphoneandabigscreenTVatthesametime.citationne

18、ededInthesimplestform,anIndustrialDashboardmayshowjustonemetricfromamanufacturingprocess.Thismightstartwithacountofproductproducedfromamachine.AmorecomplexapproachtoIndustrialDashboardingwouldbeaseriesof“drilldown”clickpoints-startingwithadashboardscreenshowingasummaryofproductionforthewholeplant.Va

19、riouspointsonthatscreenwouldbeclickabletodrilldownintomoreandmoredashboardscreensuntilreachingadashboardofverydetaileddataonasinglemachineorMachineOperatorEfficiencyofasingleemployee.2Thereareseveralhardwaretechnologyapproachestoretrievingdatafromthemachinery.Thescienceofinterfacingindustrialmachine

20、siswidelyreferredtoasIndustry4.0orIIoT(IndustrialInternetofThings).SomeindustrystandardssuchasMTConnectareemerginginanattemptmakeCNCmachinetoolsproduceproductiondatainauniformformattowebservers.3仪表板从维基百科，自由的百科全书这篇文章是关于控制面板放在前面的汽车。其他用途，见仪表板（消除歧义）。一个宾利欧陆GTC气车仪表板仪表板（也称为仪表板，仪表板（IP）,或筋膜）是一个控制面板直接位于前方的车辆的

21、驱动程序，显示仪表和控制车辆的操作。内容1词源2仪表盘功能3填料和安全4仪表时尚5参见6参考文献词源马车车厢仪表板原来，字仪表板应用于木材或固定在马车或雪橇前面保护司机从泥或其它杂物”冲向皮屏障”（抛）的马蹄。1通常这些董事会没有执行其他比上升到司机座椅提供了方便的手持任何附加功能，或用小卡子固定缰绳在不使用时。当第一个“无马的马车”，在第十九世纪末建造，发动机安装在驾驶员如戴姆勒stahlradwagen,简单的仪表板被保留保护乘员从碎片抛出了汽车前轮。然而，随着汽车设计演变到定位在司机前面的电机，仪表板成为一个面板，保护车辆的乘员从发动机的热和油。随着机械复杂性的逐渐增加，该面板形成了一个

22、方便的位置，仪表和次要控件的位置，并由此演变的现代仪器面板，虽然保留其古老的通用名称。仪表板功能显示各种汽车和发动机状况的仪表板仪表在仪表板最初包括简单的控件数组（例如，方向盘和仪表显示速度），油位、油压、现代仪表板可以容纳广泛的仪表和控制以及信息、气候控制和娱乐系统。当代的仪表板可以包括车速表、转速表、里程表、燃油表、转向指示灯、档位指示灯、安全带警示灯，停车制动警告灯，2和发动机故障灯。其他功能可能包括低5油耗指标，机油压力低，在低胎压和故障安全气囊（SRS系统、手套箱、烟灰缸和打火机或电源插座以及加热和通风系统、照明控制、安全系统、娱乐设备和信息系统，如导航系统。填充和安全1937,克莱

23、斯勒，道奇，德索托和普利茅斯汽车配备了一个安全仪表板，持平，提高膝盖以上的高度，所有的控制安装冲水。3衬垫的仪表板是主张在上世纪30年代的汽车安全先锋ClaireL.Straith。41948,希尔斯成了一个软垫仪表盘的第一辆车。5一个上世纪70年代的安全增强功能是软垫仪表盘的广泛采用。填料通常是聚氨酯泡沫，而表面通常是聚氯乙烯（PVC或皮革的豪华模型的情况下。在上世纪90年代初期和中期，安全气囊成为方向盘和仪表板的一个标准特征。时装仪表从上个世纪80年代风格的仪表板，蓝旗亚在上世纪40年代到60年代，美国汽车制造商和他们的模仿者设计形状异常的仪器仪表盘上充满了Chrome和透明的塑料，这可能是不可读的，但常常被认为是更时尚。阳光可能会导致镀铭的强光，特别是对敞篷。随着变频器的问世，LED和LCD在消费类电子产品，一些制造商使用的仪器和数字读数使汽车出现更先进的，但这已褪色的从实践。有些汽车使用一个平视显示器，把飞机的速度投射到挡风玻璃上，