商务英语短语词组句子翻译期末复习总结必考

1、学习好资料欢迎下载短语词组Chapter 1Management control经营管理Management by objective 目标管理Management competence 经营才干Management of trades 行业管理Management function 管理职能Set a goal 建立目标Formulate plans 设立计划Controlling function 控制职能management inventory form 管理人才储备表 management principle 经营方针 resolve conflicts 解决矛盾motivate su

2、bordinates 激励下属 previously set goals 预定的目标 communication channel 沟通渠道Job hunter 求职人员Job orientation 岗位性质Job search 职业选择Job recruiting 招工Current assessment 现状评估job description 工作说明jobholder 在职者Chapter 2job hopper 频繁变换工作的人job responsibility system 岗位责任制job vacancy 职位空缺human resource 人力资源human resource

3、 inventory 人力资源状况表Job analysis 工作分析Job specification 工作规范Potential candidates 潜在求职者Financial plan 财务计划Cash outflows 现金流出Cash outlays 现金支出Cash management service 现金管理服务 cash inflows 现金流入financial control 财务控制cash over and short account 现金盈亏账户cash liquidity 现金流动情况controlled disbursement account 控制支付账号

4、 cost of goods sold 销售产品成本materials inventory 材料盘点Financial manager 财务经理 Checking account 活期账户 Cash management 现金管理 Bank account 银行账户 Lock boxes 银行存款箱Interest-free loan 无息贷款Work in process inventory 线上盘点credit rating 信用评价annual sales 年销售额payroll taxes 工薪税excess funds 超额资金depreciation 厂房设备折旧生产经营管理pro

5、duct quality assurance 产品质量保证product quality standard 产品质量标准quality auditing system 质量检验制度quality checks 质量检验competitive pressure 竞争压力 product promotion activities 产品促销活动Finished goods available for sale 可销售成品Chapter 3Production and operation management (P/OM)Product and service quality 产品和服务质量Produ

6、ct quality control 产品质量管理Product quality variance 产品质量差异Quality certificate 品质证明书Total quality management 全面质量管理Quality improvement 质量改进R&D processes研制和开发过程Employee training 员工培训Top management 高级管理层Chapter 4Marketing network 营销网Marketing agencies 销售部门Marketing price 营销价格Marketing products 适销产品Ma

7、rketing strategies 营销策略Prospective customers 潜在顾客Target market 目标市场Personalized service 个性化服务International market 国际市场Chapter 5Central bank 中央银行Commercial bank 商业银行Bank acceptance 银行承兑汇票Bank copy 银行对账单Deposit account 定期存款账户Information processing system 信息处理系统Account balance 账户结余Wire transfer 电汇Accou

8、nting system 记账系统Transaction history 交易记录Chapter 6Claim for damage 损失赔偿要求Loss ratio 赔付率Insurance agent 保险代理人Insurable risks 可保风险Insurer 承保人Policy 保单Claim 索赔The deductible 绝对免赔额Chapter 7Blue chip 蓝筹股（热门股）Growth share 增长股Stock management 股份经营Public company 股票公开上市公司Equity finance 增股筹资Stock exchange 股票交

9、易所quality audit 质量审核group brainstorming 集思广益work flow 工作流程marketing operating 营销活动marketing research 营销调查marketing intermediaries 销售媒介 marketing variance 营销预测差异sales volume 销售量potential profitability 潜在利益性total revenue 总收入traffic flow 客流量promotion strategies 促销策略investment bank 投资银行 correspondent ba

10、nk 代理行，通知行 bank clearing 银行票据交换current account 活期存款账户electric banking 电子银行业务financial service 金融服务retail customer 小额客户on-line service 在线服务personal computer 个人电脑insurance certificate 保险凭证insurance clause 保险条款insurance indemnities 保险赔偿 the insured 投保人premium 保费coverage 险种policyholder 保单持有人stockbroker

11、股票经纪人 defensive stock 防卫性股 joint-stock system 股份制度 share worth 股票值 debt finance 举债筹资stock index 股票指数Financial difficulty 财政困难expected profitability 预期效益The Standard & Poor s 500 Index 标准普尔500 种股票价格综合指数Dow Jones Industrial Average 道琼斯工业股票价格平均指数句子翻译：Chapter 11. Generally speaking, managers perform

12、 four basic management functions.（ 一般来说管理者应履行四项基本职能）2. Organizations exist to achieve some purpose.（ 组织存在是为了实现某一项目标）3. The textbook on management is organized around management functions.（ 管理类教科书是按管理的职能编排的）4. Management should be responsible for defining organization s goals and establishing an over

13、all strategy.（管理负责拟定机构的目标，制定全面策略）5. The leading function involves motivating subordinates, resolving conflicts among members and directing their actions.（ 领导职能包括激励下属，解决员工间的纠纷，指挥他们的行动）6. The actual performance of the organization must be compared with the previously set goals.（组织的计划实施情况必须与预先设定的目标进行比较

14、）7. Once there are significant deviations, management should correct the organization s performance.（ 如果一旦出现重大的偏差，管理者必须立即纠正机构的行为）8. The controlling function is performed to ensure everything goes well in the organization.（ 履行控制职能以确保机构内一切正常运行）Chapter 21. The information derived from a report provided

15、 by personnel department.（ 这个信息来自人事部提供的一份报告）2. Management is able to estimate shortage both in number and in type after it assessed the current status and future needs.（在对现状和将来的需求进行评估后管理可以估算在数量和类型上计算出缺少）3. A job specification is concerned with the knowledge skills and abilities needed to do a certai

16、n job.（工作规范书关于做某项工作所需的知识、技术和能力）4. Management keeps its attention on human resource planning.（ 管理主要把注意力集中在人力资源计划上）5. By keeping an inventory of an organization s human resource, management will know what talents and skills resource are available in the firm.（ 通过保持组织的人力资源状况表，管理者将会知道现在公司有什么样的人才和技术资源）6.

17、 Employees can be interviewed individually or in a group.（ 员工可以单独或集体接受面试）7. A job description and job specification assist managers in determining whether the candidates are qualified or not.（工作说明书和工作规范书协助管理者决定求职者是否合格）8. One of the methods for analyzing a job is to have employees record their daily

18、activities in a diary or notebook.（ 分析工作其中一个方法是让员工在日志或记录本上记下他们的日常活动）Chapter 31. The salaries of the employees are paid in the form of cash.（ 员工的薪水是以现金形式支付 的）2. One of the duties of financial management is to minimize the amount of cash.（ 财务经理的其中一项职责是使现金数量减少到最低限额）3. Some amount of funds must be avail

19、able to make interest payments due on loans.（ 一些资金一定要用以支付到期的贷款利息）4. Whether cash management is efficient or not makes a great difference between making money or losing it for the company.（ 现金管理是否有效率给公司的盈亏带来很大的差异）5. Desktop computers give financial managers access to balance on bank account.（ 桌面电脑为 财

20、务经理了解银行账户的收支情况提供了渠道6. Excess funds which are not earning interest can be moved instantly to investment.（ 没有盈利的超额资金应该移出到投资处）7. The president began paying attention to managing the company s cash.（经理开始留意管理公司的现金）8. The company with large annual sales only keeps 10,000 dollars in account.（ 有庞大年销售额的公司只留一

21、万美元现金在账上）Chapter 41. TQM is adopted by a growing number of companies.（ 全面质量管理被越来越多的公司采用）2. Total quality management involves the organization in an all-out effort to improve quality.（ 全面质量管理包括组织用尽全力去提高质量）3. The objective of quality control is to provide products with higher and better quality for cu

22、stomers.（质量控制的目的是为顾客提供质量更好更高的产品）4. Management rewards employees for their contribution to meeting the quality standards.（ 管理会为员工对符合质量标准而做的贡献进行奖励）5. Some organizations encourage their employees to put their problem-solving techniques to practical work.（ 一些公司鼓励它们的员工把解决问题的能力应用于实际工作中）6. Representatives

23、accepting training come from different divisions of the firm.（ 接受培训的代表们来自公司的各个部门）7. Every employee of the organization bears a major responsibility for quality improvement.（ 组织的每位员工对提高质量负有重大责任）8. Three principles should be followed to implement total quality management.（ 实施全面质量管理应遵循三条基本原则）Chapter 51

24、. The policies and activities of a company should be directed toward satisfying customer needs.（公司的政策和活动应致力于满足客户需求）2. Successful marketing requires timely and relevant market information.（ 成功的营销要求及时和相关的市场资讯）3. It s important to keep up with competitors market strategies and make adjustment to one so

25、wn.（跟上竞争营销策略的步伐和调整自身的策略很重要）4. A good strategy helps a business focus on the target market it can serve best.（ 一个好的策略帮助企业专注于它所能最好服务的目标市场）5. Good salesmanship is very important for small business because of their limited ability tospend on advertisement.（ 好的推销技术对于小公司来说很重要因为其能用于广告的花费是有限的）6. Working thr

26、ough established distribution agents generally is easiest for manufacturers.（ 通过已有的经销商或代理商工作对制造厂来说是很简单的）7. Location is not so important for products which customers are willing to go out of their wayto find.（ 地理位置对于产品来说不是那么重要因为顾客愿意费力寻找的）8. To make sure business is running healthy on track, entrepren

27、eurs should audit their company s performance at least quarterly each year.（ 为了确保企业在健康的轨道上运行，企业家们应当每个季度审核公司的运行情况）Chapter 61. Electronic banking refers to process by which a customer may perform banking transactions electronically without visiting a physical institution.（ 电子银行指的是顾客电子地处理金融 交易而不是去实体机构的

28、过程）2. Both large and small banking institutions are now offering a variety of Internet based financial service.（大小金融机构现在都有提供各种基于因特网的金融服务）3. Other organizations may choose to expand their customers base to wider only a geographic area by accepting on-line applications for loan and deposit products.（

29、其他组织也许会通过 接受在线贷款和储蓄的申请在更多的地区拓展客户）4. Only a very small number of banking organizations are focusing on the Internet as their primary delivery channel.（ 只有极少数的金融机构潜心于将因特网作为首要的交付途径来 发展 ）5. These services specially include payroll, automated clearing and wire transfer.（ 这些服务专门包括的自动结算服务和电汇服务）6. Transacti

30、ons initiated through this system are processed by a separate Internet banking application and periodically sent to the institution s general ledger, deposit and loan accounting system.（交易启动后，由单独的网络金融机构程序进行处理并定时将结果传送至金融机构的总账、储蓄和贷款的记账系统中）7. Telephone banking generally allows customers to check accoun

31、t balances transactions and pay bills through voice response system.（ 电话银行业务允许客户通过语音应答系统查询账户结余 ）8. E-banking can improve a banks efficiency and competitiveness.（ 电子银行业务能提高银行的效率和竞争力）Chapter 71. Insurance companies must gather a great deal of information before setting premiums.（ 保险公司在设置保险金额前必须收集大量信息）

32、2. The amount of the premium for a specific type of risk is mainly based on the possible losses that may occur in the future.（ 一个具体类型的风险所保的保险总额主要以将来可能出现 的损失为依据）3. Insurers will decide which risks to insure. （ 投保人将决定保哪些险种）4. Insurance companies do not count on paying for a single policyholder s losse

33、s out of the premium paid by that particular policyholder.（ 保险公司不会指望支付某个投保人由一个普 通保单持有人所买下的超出保险金额的损失买单）5. Most insurance companies are not likely to consider issuing this sort of insurance.（ 大多数保 险公司不可能考虑发行这种保险）6. Insurance companies are not willing to pay out on all policies at the same time.（ 保险公司不

34、 愿意同时赔付所有的保单）7. Unemployment threatens so many people, so unemployment insurance is wildly easy to come by.（失业威胁着许多人，所以失业保险被通常很容易获得）8. Losses resulting from deliberate actions of the insured are not covered in this policy.（ 因投保 人的故意行为所造成的损失不在这项保单所保的范围之内）Chapter 81. Companies wishing to raise more mo

35、ney for expansion can issue more shares.（ 希望筹集更多资金的公司可以发行更多的股票）2. Stockholders trade shares on stock exchange.（ 股票持有人在股票交易所交易股票）3. The Dow Jones Industrial Average is based on the prices of the stocks of 30 major US companies.（道琼斯工业股票价格平均指数是以30 个主要的美国公司的股票价格为基础的）4. The company has run into the finan

36、cial difficulty for its poor management.（ 这个公司因为他 们贫乏的管理而遇到了财政困难）5. The prices of shares on stock exchange are determined by the supply and demand in these companies.（股票交易所的股票价格是由这些公司的股票供求关系所决定的）6. Compared to bonds, stocks offer the holder higher risks and potentially higher return.（ 与证 券相比，股票在提供高风

37、险的同时也潜在地提供了高收益）7. The company sells bonds to finance the new project.（ 这个公司通过卖证券来自助这一新项 目）8. When people expect that a company will have little profit, the price of the companys stockwill fall.（当人们预期到这个公司将会有很少的盈利时，该公司的股价就会下跌）简答1. Four basic management functions: planning organizing leading controlli

38、ng.2. Current assessment includes: generating a human resource inventory and making a job analysis.3. The difference between job description and job specification: Job description describes job content, environment, and conditions of employment. It focuses on the job. Job specification focuses on th

39、e person. It defines the knowledge, skills and abilities needed to perform the job effectively.4. Five methods for analyzing a job: the observation method, interview, the use of questionnaire, the use of technical conference and daily activity recording.5. How can a financial manager minimize a firm

40、 s needs? And to what extent? Pay bills as late as possible and collect money owed to the firm as quick as possible as long as they do not damage the firm s credit rating or cost more than they save.6. The controlled disbursement account: refers to a system that lets a firm know how many checks and

41、in what amounts will clear what banks at what time.7. Three principles of TQM: the objective of quality control is to achieve constant and continual improvement in quality; the focus of quality improvement is on every process in theorganization; employees bear a major responsibility for quality impr

42、ovement.8. Four elements in implementing TQM: communicating the need for quality, training employees in the skills and knowledge of quality, securing employee involvement in quality, rewarding for quality.9. What is the quality audit and why is it conducted? It refers to a careful study of every fac

43、tor that affects quality in an activity or in process. It is conducted to identify quality problems and discover new ways to improve quality.10. Marketing works primarily on two principles: all company policies and strategies should be directed toward satisfying customer needs. Profitable sales volume is more important than maximum sales volume.11. The main functions of