词汇3-近形近义词及固定搭配题

1、词汇词汇 3近义近形词近义近形词 /固定搭配题固定搭配题231 BUse: 最广泛意义的最广泛意义的”使用使用”Usefulness:满足某一实际目的的某种特性满足某一实际目的的某种特性Utility: 可测量或改变的某种有用性可测量或改变的某种有用性;或用或用于抽象概念于抽象概念;Usage: 与与language 搭配搭配,特指语言的惯用特指语言的惯用法法3Our gym is of excellent use.Language of habitual use The usefulness of his deviceUniversities exist for two purposes;

2、on the one hand, to train men and women for certain professions; on the other hand, to pursue learning and research without regard to immediate utility. Russell 432 D As it were: 配搭配搭:宛如宛如,好像好像.5BHave a nodding/passing acquaintance with sth/ sb: 与某人有点头之交与某人有点头之交,对某学科略知对某学科略知一二一二Be acquainted with st

3、h. 认识认识,了解某事了解某事Be familiar with sth. 通晓通晓,熟悉熟悉Familiarize oneself with sth. 使某人熟悉某使某人熟悉某事物事物6DChange: 暗指本质的改变暗指本质的改变, 或由一种事物或由一种事物取代另一种事物取代另一种事物;Transform:仅指外表的改变仅指外表的改变.A familiar food had been transformed into a highly processed industrial commodity. (2003.39)Turn:改变方向改变方向,路线路线,话题话题,或受影响而做出或受影响而做

4、出的改变的改变.turn friends into enemies7 Convert: 为达到某种目的而做的性质为达到某种目的而做的性质,结构结构上的改变上的改变; convertinto To convert iron into steel Modify: 通过限制或约束而带来的改变通过限制或约束而带来的改变 Our present concern is how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified. (2004.33) Alter: 某一方面的改变某一方面的改变 Vary: 因为因为change而带来的变化而带来的变化;

5、或指偏离或指偏离常规的改变常规的改变8Switch:转换转换(话题等话题等)switch to sth: 方法方法,产品等完全转变产品等完全转变The bank switched to the new electronic system. he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to switch rapidly from one source language to another(2001.39)McDonalds began switching to frozen French fries in 1966. (2003.3

6、5)9 Shift: 地点地点,位置位置, 方向方向,职位职位,关系的改变关系的改变 Shift: 上班时间上班时间 The night shift: 夜班夜班 One answer would seem to be longer periods on each shift(2004. 44) The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to those permanent night workers(2004.49) our relationship shifted again. (2007.38)10

7、Divert:转变转变(资金等资金等)使用方向使用方向; 转移注意力转移注意力 Divert sth into The company should divert more resources into research.11BRequire sth of sb : 要求某人具备某种能力要求某人具备某种能力12DDo away with sth:摆脱摆脱,废除废除But this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can do away with. English is the kind of language that you cannot do

8、away with. 13ABe restricted to doingif this is restricted to knowing how proper names and place names are pronounced. (2001.47)14BMake a distinction between A and B 分辨出分辨出Sally cant make a distinction between red and green. (2001.66)The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories(2000.36)W

9、e should make a clear distinction between competent and proficient(2000.68)15CEconomic: 经济学的经济学的Economical:有效率地用钱有效率地用钱;经济的经济的;Be economical ofThrifty:勤奋自律勤奋自律,有效管理钱财带来的节有效管理钱财带来的节俭俭Be thrifty with money Frugal: 生活俭朴生活俭朴,没有奢侈品没有奢侈品Be frugal of money: Sparing: 出于克制的节俭出于克制的节俭16AMagnitude: 指大小指大小,尺寸尺寸,

10、重要性等方面的重要性等方面的巨大巨大They do not seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem. Extent:事物的广度事物的广度,宽度宽度,范围范围To what extent can we blame the government? Degree:程度程度Volume: 体积体积; 总量总量The volume of trade; business volume 17CHave: ”有有,含有含有”, 用法最普通用法最普通Own: 法定的法定的”拥有拥有” (财产等财产等)Possess: 法定法定”拥有拥有”, 具有排他性具有

11、排他性.The couple own a piece of land but only the husband possesses it. Hold: implies a stronger control over sth than “have”, or a grasp upon sth. To have an opinion; to hold an opinion18DAward:因表现出色而得奖因表现出色而得奖Compensation: 经济补偿经济补偿Prize: 比赛获奖比赛获奖Reward: 因向他人提供服务而得到报酬因向他人提供服务而得到报酬19BRegretful: 遗憾的遗憾的

12、,抱歉的抱歉的,主语是人主语是人Regrettable: 令人遗憾的令人遗憾的,主语是物主语是物Respectful:尊重人的尊重人的,有礼貌的有礼貌的Respectable: 值得尊敬的值得尊敬的The neighbors do not consider him quite _ as most evenings he awakens them with his drunken singing. (2003.78)A _ professorA _ student20DAssuredly: certainly Confidently: 有信心的有信心的Confidentially: 秘密的秘密的

13、21BNormal: 正常的正常的, 处于人们所希望的状态处于人们所希望的状态Average: 普通的普通的, 处于平均水平处于平均水平The questions that the speaker raised were well beyond the average adult. (2008.72)Usual: 通常的通常的, 尤指发生频率尤指发生频率General: 一般的一般的,大体的大体的,指能对大多数人指能对大多数人或事产生影响或事产生影响General education22CConfess: (对错误对错误,罪行等罪行等)供认供认,坦白坦白She confessed to bei

14、ng a spy for the KGB.She confessed that she was a spy for the KGB. Make a confessionDeclare: 正式宣布正式宣布Declare that23 Claim: (面对面面对面)声称声称; 夺去生命夺去生命 Doctors claims to have discovered a cure for the disease. The disaster has claimed over 300 lives. Confirm: 证实证实 Confirm that24DPiece: 报纸杂志上的文章报纸杂志上的文章,短文

15、短文Essay: 小论文小论文 term paperFragment: 碎片碎片Extract:节录节录,选段选段Excerpt: 选段选段(比比extract更具体更具体,为某一特为某一特定目的而作的节选定目的而作的节选)25BEmpty: 室内没有家具也没有人室内没有家具也没有人,空荡荡的空荡荡的Vacant: 没有人占着没有人占着Bare: (墙面墙面)光秃秃的光秃秃的, (身体身体)赤裸的赤裸的Hollow: (中间中间)空心的空心的Bald: 秃顶的秃顶的Deserted: 被遗弃的被遗弃的Free: (时间上时间上)空闲的空闲的,免费的免费的26AGet over: (从疾病从疾病

16、,震惊等震惊等)恢复过来恢复过来She is trying to get over the flu. Get away:走开走开,脱身脱身They got away in a stolen car. Get away with: 逃避责罚逃避责罚Get off:出发出发27 Get across: 使使理解理解 How can I get across the meaning to you? Get at: 暗指暗指 What are you getting at? Get down to sth: 终于开始做某事终于开始做某事 Lets get down to business. 28 Ge

17、t about: 病人四处走动病人四处走动 My mother cant get about because she has rheumatism. (2000.56) Get on: 进步进步,进展进展 Get through:完成完成,通过通过 Get in: 到达到达29 Get around/round to doing: 终于去做终于去做(一直一直打算做的事打算做的事) After a long delay, she got round to replying to my e-mail. (2007.73) Get back: 恢复力量恢复力量,东山再起东山再起 Get back at sb: 报复报复 Get along: 相处融洽相处融洽 the only way of getting along when you leave school is to stay at home(2005.34)3080 A Offset: 抵消抵消 (两种相反的东西相互抵消两种相反的东西相互抵消) The better