情态动词 hao

1、情态动词表说话人的某种感情情态动词表说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。表示某种态度。表示“需要、可以、需要、可以、必须、应当必须、应当”等。等。 情态动词情态动词 ( modal verbs)1) Some of us can use the computer now, but we couldnt last year.2) The new-built theatre can seat 1500 people.3) Can she be in the computer center?4) I though what he said could not

2、 be true.5) Can/Could I use your dictionary?6) Could you lend me a hand?1. 1.表能力表能力3. 表示表示“请求请求” “允许允许”(表请求时，口语中常用表请求时，口语中常用 could 代替代替 can 使语气更委婉，回答时用使语气更委婉，回答时用can)2. 表示推测，意为表示推测，意为“可能可能”“”“或许或许”，用于疑问句或否定句，用于疑问句或否定句1. can 与与could4. 表示表示“许可许可”，可与，可与may 换用。换用。You can go home now.5. can 用于疑问句或否定句中时，表

3、惊异、用于疑问句或否定句中时，表惊异、不相信等，意思是不相信等，意思是“可能、能够可能、能够”。How can you say that you really understand the wholeStory if you have covered only part of the article?6. cant/ couldnt +have + done 表示对过去表示对过去 情况的否定推测情况的否定推测Susan cant have written a report like this.7. could + have + done 表示对过去能做而表示对过去能做而 未做的事情感到惋惜，遗

4、憾未做的事情感到惋惜，遗憾Its a pity. Your class could have got the first prize. Michael _ be a policeman, for hes much too short. A. neednt B. cant C. should D. may 2. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must 3. - I stayed at a ho

5、tel while in New York. - Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture. A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attended C. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have a

6、ttendedBAAA2. may 与与might1. 表示表示“许可许可”或或“请求请求”，有，有“可以可以”的意思，口语中的意思，口语中 常用常用 might 代代 may ,表示委婉语气。表示委婉语气。 否定回答时用否定回答时用“must not”表表“禁止，阻止禁止，阻止”， Eg: 1)- May I watch TV after supper? - Yes, you may. / No, you mustnt. 2. 表示可能性。表示可能性。 意为意为“或许，可能或许，可能” might 比比 may 可能性小。可能性小。Eg: 1) It might be true. 2) Th

7、ey may be in the library now.3) Today is Sunday. She may not be in her office now.3. may/ might as well + 动词原形动词原形 “还是还是的好的好” Eg: You may as well go and have a look.4. May you +动词原形动词原形 表表“希望、祝愿、祈求希望、祝愿、祈求” “祝你祝你”Eg: May you succeed. May you be happy every day! 1.Sorry Im late. I _ have turned off t

8、he alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A. might B. shouldC. can D. will2.Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. willAB3. will 与与would 1. 表表“请求、建议请求、建议”等，用等，用 would 比用比用will 委婉，客气些委婉，客气些Eg: 1)Will you lend me your book? 2) Would you like a cup of tea?2

9、. 用于表示意志或意愿。用于表示意志或意愿。 will 指现在，指现在， 而而 would 指指 过去。过去。Eg: 1) Ill never do that again. 2) They said that they would help us.3.表示习惯性动作。表示习惯性动作。 译作译作 “总是、惯于总是、惯于” will 指现在，指现在， would 指过去。指过去。Eg: 1)He will often read all night. 2) Every evening, she would sit by window, deep in thought.4. 表示功能，译作表示功能，译

10、作“能、行能、行”Eg: 1) That will be all right. 2) This door wont open.5. 用于否定句中，表示用于否定句中，表示“不肯、不乐意不肯、不乐意”Eg: No matter what I say, he wont listen to me.4. should1. 用于表劝告、建议。用于表劝告、建议。 意为意为”应该、应当应该、应当”。Eg: You should keep your promise.2. 用于表推测。用于表推测。 意为意为 “可能、该可能、该”Eg: 1) Its 7 oclock, he should be at home.

11、2) They should have arrived by now.5. shall 与与will1. Shall 与第一、三人称连用，且用在疑问句中时，与第一、三人称连用，且用在疑问句中时， 表说话人征求听话者的允诺。表说话人征求听话者的允诺。 Will 与第二人称连用，且出现在疑问句中时，与第二人称连用，且出现在疑问句中时， 表示请求。表示请求。 Would 更客气。更客气。Eg: 1) Shall I open the window for you? 2) Shall the driver wait? 3) Will you speak louder, please?2. shall的

12、主语是第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人的主语是第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人 的允诺、警告、命令等语气。的允诺、警告、命令等语气。 will 的主语是第一、二、三人称的陈述句，的主语是第一、二、三人称的陈述句， 表意志、意愿。表意志、意愿。Eg: 1)You shall get the book tomorrow. 2) He shall be punished. 3) You shall go with me. 4) If you will come to my house. I will show you my new painting.允诺允诺警告警告命令命令6. cant用来表示由于

13、特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。用来表示由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。Eg: 1) -Listen, someone is knocking at the door, who can it be? - It cant be Tom, he has gone abroad. 2) - Can/ could they have finished the work? - No, they cant have finished the work so soon.7. must1. 表示义务或强烈的劝告，意为表示义务或强烈的劝告，意为“必须必须”“”“应该应该”， 其否定式表示其否定式表示“不应该

14、不应该”“”“不许可不许可” “不准不准”“”“禁止禁止”。Eg: 1) You must finish your homework first. 2) Children mustnt speak like that to their parents.2. 回答回答 must 所在的一般疑问句时，否定回答用所在的一般疑问句时，否定回答用 “neednt” “dont have to”.Eg: -Must we finish the work tomorrow? -No, you neednt/ dont have to, but you must finish it in three days

15、.3. 表推测，用于肯定句，意为表推测，用于肯定句，意为“一定一定”“”“肯定肯定”。Eg: 1) Betty must be in the next room. 2) He must be watering the flowers in his garden. 情态动词情态动词 + have done这是历年高考热点之一，这是历年高考热点之一，可表示可表示“推测、责备、怀疑推测、责备、怀疑”等多种意义。等多种意义。一、表示对过去事情的推测或估计一、表示对过去事情的推测或估计1. The ground is rather wet, so it must have rained last nig

16、ht.must have done “想必或肯定已经做了某事想必或肯定已经做了某事”2. Tom may have gone to shanghai, but I still not sure about it.may/might have done “可能可能/大概已经做了某事大概已经做了某事”3. The ground is very dry, so it cant have rained last night.cant/couldnt have done “不可能已经做了某事不可能已经做了某事”4. Someone must have broken into our bedroom, W

17、ho could have done it?Can/could have done 疑问句中，对过去的猜测疑问句中，对过去的猜测二、表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备二、表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备1. I really regretted wasting the hours when I should have studied hard, but it was too late.should/ought to have done “过去本该做而没做过去本该做而没做”2. Im very sorry for the words I shouldnt have said to you at t

18、hat moment.shouldnt/oughtnt to have done “过去不该做的事却做了过去不该做的事却做了”3. He could have worked out the problem.Could have done “本来能够做的事却没做本来能够做的事却没做”He neednt have come.He didnt need to come. 他本没有必要来（实际也没来）他本没有必要来（实际也没来）他本没有必要来（实际却来了）他本没有必要来（实际却来了）4. Your home is not far from your school, so you neednt have left in such a hurry