四六级常见阅读题型分析Readingcomprehension

1、Reading Comprehension 阅读考试介绍 测试目的测试目的测试学生通过阅读获取有关信息的能力，考核学生掌握相关测试学生通过阅读获取有关信息的能力，考核学生掌握相关阅读策略和技艺的程度要求准确性，也要求一定睥速阅读策略和技艺的程度要求准确性，也要求一定睥速度阅读速度每分钟为度阅读速度每分钟为120个单词个单词 测试要求测试要求能读懂英美国家出版的中等难度的文章和材料能读懂英美国家出版的中等难度的文章和材料 能读懂难度相当于美国的能读懂难度相当于美国的Newsweek国际新闻报道国际新闻报道 3 3能读懂难度相当于能读懂难度相当于Sons and Lovers的文学名著的文学名著

2、能掌握所读材料的主旨大意，了解说明主旨大意的事实能掌握所读材料的主旨大意，了解说明主旨大意的事实和细节；理解字面意思；能根据所读材料进行判断和推理；和细节；理解字面意思；能根据所读材料进行判断和推理；理解个别句子的意义，理解上下文的逻辑关系理解个别句子的意义，理解上下文的逻辑关系 能在阅读中根据需要自觉调整阅读速度和技艺能在阅读中根据需要自觉调整阅读速度和技艺 测试形式多项选择题共20道，考试时间为20分钟，阅读材料共篇，1800个单词 选材原则题材广泛，包括社会，科技，文化，经济，人物传记等题材多样，包括记叙文，描写文，说明文，议论文等材料难度中等，关键词汇基本上不超过大纲规定的范围良好的阅

3、读方法与习惯阅读方法与技巧 略读略读(skimming): 概要性阅读，意在掌握文章的主旨，判断有无自己感兴趣的信息或材料，比如阅读日常报刊杂志，或查寻所需材料平 时训练需做到：1速度快，准确率达5060%2 特别注意文章标题，副标题，小标题与某些标点符号，如破折号，引号等 3 通常应认真阅读文章的第一二段以及最后一段 4 注意文章中出现的各种连接手段通过掌握表示对比，转折，因果，总结等不同逻辑关系的各种连接手段来把握文章的结构 查读查读(scanning)： 带有具体目的，不必阅读全部 材料而能快速准确扫描定位扫描定位所需信息 要求：熟悉材料编排方式与具体内容所在的 位置，查阅的准确性达10

4、0% 精读精读(intensive reading)常见的题型与解题技巧 主旨大意题 细节理解题 词汇理解题 推理题 作者态度题主旨大意题 常见提问形式 What does the passage mainly discuss? What is the best title for the passage? What is the main subject (theme) of the passage? What is the purpose of the passage? What is the main idea expressed in the passage? With what to

5、pic is the passage primarily concerned? What is the main idea of the last paragraph? The authors purpose of writing this passage is _ 从理论上来讲，主旨题是各类题型中要求最高的，因为它要求考生看完文章后，能对文章的大概框架作一个宏观把握，从而解答后面的题目。 一般都可以找到文章主题句，或者是可以体现文章主题的句子或单词。一般一定具有概括性和结论性 寻找主旨大意的方法1. 依靠标题判断2. 根据主题句判断主题句出现在句首，段内，句尾，重复出现，隐含排除干扰项a.

6、选项所反映的是文中局部的信息，以偏概 全，不可取b. 选项概括范围过宽c.选项提供的是无关信息，不考虑细节理解题 题目形式常表现为正选和反选两种 正选题的提问方式1.问命题 Which of the following statements is True? According to the passage, what is true about? 2. 问时间when，地点 where，原因 why 3.问某事的某个方面Which aspect ofis discussed? Which of the following is mentioned? 4. 问频率或数量 How often H

7、ow many 5. 其他形式 How do What happens to? 反选题的提问方式反选题比例比正选题高些提问方式通常采取大写的NOT或表示否定的前缀 Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage? 细节题干扰项1. 原文中没有提到干扰内容，或找不到语言依据2. 选项内容与原文相矛盾3. 将原文中说的特征移到头上4. 选项内容为原文中的某个事物的部分特征，不全面词汇理解题 根据构词法猜测词义 根据上下文和逻辑词语猜测词义 1. 从句子结构推测词义 Preparation for this chan

8、ge gives the student confidence and competence from the beginning and makes him an effective and attentive listener. 2. 根据提供的信号词猜测词义, 信号词包括be, mean, be called, be named, for example, similarly, consequently, that is to say etc. Extractive industries, such as mining and lumbering, use up our natural

9、resources. 3.从上下文的对比中猜测词义 One cause of the Civil War was economic and political rivalry between the agrarian South and the industrial North.4.利用常识进行判断 Even the gifted teacher had difficulty making clear to the secondary school classes such as abstruse subject as Einsteins theory of relativity.推理题推理题

10、推理题提问的方式有很多，比如suggest，imply，indicate，conclude infer等。 What can be inferred from the passage? What can be concluded from the passage?推理题以表面文字信息为依据进行分析推理，既不能做出原文中没有依据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做逐步推理 推理题常见的形式 1. 题目中使用infer一词，明确要求考生进行推理 判断 2. 题目中用imply一词，要求考生推理得出文章中 没有直接表达的内容3. 题目中使用conclude一词，要求根据文章内容 得到某种 推论 由由Co

11、nclude提问的题目，一般会涉及原文中结论性，观点性结论性，观点性的语言，尤其是段落首首末末的句子。 而infer提问的题目，如果题干信息比较多比较具体，一般可以当作细节题细节题来处理，如果题干信息比较少，则考查原文观点结论的语言，甚至文章主题主题.4.题目中使用suggest一词5.题目中使用seem一词，要求根据所读的印象回答问题，根据文章中各种线索进行分析推理6.考题中有数字计算或大小比较7.题目中用名词impression，要求通过主观的分析推理 8.题目中使用most probably, clearly这类词，表示选项都为可能的推理，要求考生选出合理的一个9.考题中用do you

12、think 短语提问，要求考生拿出自己的主意阅读中词汇的处理词汇题一般考查一个单词的含义，一个词组的意思，或者一个句子的言外之意。词汇题需要考生从上下文上下文中进行分析，推敲单词背后的意思，强调上下文逻辑分析Please refer to the exercise on Page 18作者态度题 考查作者对一个中心话题的看法，也可以考查作考查作者对一个中心话题的看法，也可以考查作者对某一具体细节的态度者对某一具体细节的态度 根据作者的态度或论调做出判断通常作者的态根据作者的态度或论调做出判断通常作者的态度不直接表露出来，而是通过它所用的语气，论度不直接表露出来，而是通过它所用的语气，论调来体现

13、在回答此类题时须仔细阅读文章开头，调来体现在回答此类题时须仔细阅读文章开头，了解短文的主旨大意，并特别注意作者使用的修了解短文的主旨大意，并特别注意作者使用的修饰语饰语 What s the authors attitude towards 作者的态度一般是或褒或贬，或乐观或担作者的态度一般是或褒或贬，或乐观或担忧，中性评价为正确答案的较少。忧，中性评价为正确答案的较少。第一段转折性的语言，通常也能体现作者第一段转折性的语言，通常也能体现作者的观点偏好的观点偏好 positive, negative, optimistic, pessimistic, critical, ironic, neu

14、tralPlease refer to the exercise on Page 144 A flock of hungry pigeons were flying across the sky in search of food. Having traveled a long distance, they felt tired and settled down on a tree. Just below the tree, they saw grains strewn (撒满) all over the ground. The pigeons were happy to have found

15、 enough food to eat. All the pigeons came down from the tree and started eating the grains. As they were doing so, a huge net fell on them and trapped them all. The pigeons were taken aback. They noticed a hunter sitting at a distance from the tree, a bow and arrow in hand. The pigeons realized it w

16、as the hunter who had trapped them in the net. The hunter got up and began to move towards the pigeons. The leader of the pigeons spoke, “Friends, we are in great trouble. The hunter will catch us if we do not act swiftly in a few seconds. There is only one option available at this moment. Let all o

17、f us use our force together and fly up along with the net. If all of us use our force and fly together, we can fly carrying the net along with us. Let us start now.” All the pigeons agreed with him and flew high carrying the net along with them. After traveling enough distance away from the hunter,

18、the pigeons settled on a tree and carefully came out of the net one by one and thus escaped the evil design of the hunter.1. Who strewed the grains over the ground?AA villager. BThe hunter. CThe pigeon. DThe writer.2. The word “ option ”has the closest meaning to the underlined word “option”.Areason

19、 Bchoice Caction DOpinion3. How did the pigeons react when they got trapped?AThey didnt know what to do. BThey tried to fly in all directions.CThey remained rather calm. DThey decided to fight for their lives. 4. Which of the following word can best describe the quality of the pigeon leader?A. confi

20、dent B. independent C. pessimistic D. quick-witted5. This story wants to tell us that .A. two heads are better than one.B. confidence will save everyone.C. teamwork can work wonders.D. actions speak louder than words. It was a winter morning, just a couple of weeks before Christmas 2005. While most

21、people were warming up their cars, Trevor, my husband, had to get up early to ride his bike four kilometers away from home to work. On arrival, he parked his bike outside the back door as he usually does. After putting in 10 hours of labor, he returned to find his bike gone.The bike, a black Kona 18

22、 speed, was our only transport. Trevor used it to get to work， putting in 60-hour weeks to support his young family. And the bike was also used to get groceries (食品杂货), saving us from having to walk along long distances from where we live.I was so sad that someone would steal our bike that I wrote t

23、o the newspaper and told them our story. Shortly after that, several people in our area offered to help. One wonderful stranger even bought a bike，then called my husband to pick it up. Once again my husband had a way to get to and from his job. It really is an honor that a complete stranger would go

24、 out of their way for someone they have never met before.People say that a smile can be passed from one person to another, but acts of kindness from strangers are even more so. This experience has had a spreading effect in our lives because it strengthened our faith in humanity (人性) as a whole. And it has influenced us to be more mindful of ways we, too, can share with others. No matter how big or how small, an act of kindness shows that someone cares. And the resul