虚拟Class4课件subjective_mood11

1、雪花的快乐 徐志摩 假如我是一朵雪花，翩翩的在半空里潇洒，我一定认清我的方向飞扬，飞扬，飞扬，这地面上有我的方向。 The Happiness of a SnowflowerXu Zhimo If I were a snowflower flying lightly in mid-air, I would make my way clear- Soar,soar,soar,- I would see my way on the earth down there.A Poem_soar s:(r)-fly highLead-in: 1)If I 1)If I werewere a bird, I

2、 a bird, I would flywould fly in the sky. in the sky. 2)If I 2)If I had takenhad taken your advice, your advice, I I wouldnt havewouldnt have made the mistake.made the mistake. 3 3)If it )If it rainedrained tomorrow, we tomorrow, we would not gowould not go shopping. shopping. Producer - Lu Jianyu 1

3、.英语动词有三种语气，英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气. 2.2. 定义：用来表示说的话定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。DefinitionSubjunctive Mood(虚拟语气）虚拟语气）We met in this room . Do come to the meeting next Friday .If I were you , I would study hard . 陈述语气陈述语气祈使语气祈使语气虚拟语气虚拟

4、语气虚拟语气虚拟语气TypesIf I were a bird, I would have two wings.If I had two wings, I could fly in the sky.If 从句从句的谓语形式的谓语形式主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式现在现在did（were）would/could/might/should +do 与现在事实相反虚拟与现在事实相反虚拟1. If 型型 If I _(meet ) Obama, I _(shake) hands with him. metmetwould shakewould shake与现在事实相反虚拟与现在事实相反虚拟If I _

5、(have) a lot of money, I _(buy) a villa(别墅别墅).hadwould buy与现在事实相反虚拟：与现在事实相反虚拟：如果我是一名百万富翁，我会给汇龙中学如果我是一名百万富翁，我会给汇龙中学建一个游泳池。如果我有足够的钱，我为建一个游泳池。如果我有足够的钱，我为每每一位学生提供免费的三餐。如果我是超人，一位学生提供免费的三餐。如果我是超人，我会把钓鱼岛搬到启东旁边，那就我会把钓鱼岛搬到启东旁边，那就- If I _ a millionaire, I _ (build) a swimming pool for Huilong Middle School. B

6、esides, if I _ enough money, I _ (supply) free meals to the students. And if I _ a superman, I _ (move) Diao Yu Islands to the side of Qidong. Then nobody _ (doubt) the fact that they are part of China.werewould buildhadwould supplywerewould moveGroup workcould doubt 与过去事实相反虚拟：与过去事实相反虚拟：If Jack hadn

7、t been on board the Titanic, he wouldnt have met Rose.If 从句从句的谓语形式的谓语形式 主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式过去过去had donewould/could/might/should +have done与过去事实相反虚拟：与过去事实相反虚拟：If Jack hadnt been on board the Titanic, he wouldnt have met Rose. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would/could/should/might have met him

8、. If he _ (drive )more carefully, he _ (not have)the car accident yesterday.与过去事实相反虚拟：与过去事实相反虚拟：If I _ (learn ) how to swim,I _ (not be) trapped in this island.（与过去事实相反）（与过去事实相反）had learntwould not have beenWhat would have happened if the farmer hadnt seen the snake? If the farmer _(not see) the sna

9、ke, he _ (not put) it under his coat; if he _ (not put)it under his coat ,the snake _ (not bite)him;if the snake_ (not bite)him,he _(not die).hadnt seenwouldnt have puthadnt putwouldnt have bittenhadnt bittenwouldnt have died.(Groupwork：If 从句从句的谓语形式的谓语形式 主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式将来将来 1.did（were）would/could/mig

10、ht/should +do2.should+do3. were to do与将来事实相反虚拟：与将来事实相反虚拟：If the students 5 days off next week, the students very happy.如果下星期同学们放五天假，同学们会很高兴。如果下星期同学们放五天假，同学们会很高兴。如果他明天起床早的话如果他明天起床早的话,他会准时的他会准时的.If heIf he gotgot up early tomorrow,up early tomorrow, hehe would bewould be on time.on time.If he If he we

11、re to getwere to get up , up ,If he If he should getshould get up early up early tomorrowtomorrow，If the God _(give) meanother chance，I_ (tell) the girl three words, “ I love you.” If I _(have to) set a time limit to our love, it_ (be)10,000 years! should give/were to give/gave would tellhad to woul

12、d be 如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，我希望是如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，我希望是-一万年一万年! 大话西游与将来事实相反虚拟与将来事实相反虚拟Groupwork虚拟If 从句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在过去未来did (were)had donewould/could/might/should +V. (原原) would/could/might/should +have done1. did2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to d

13、owould/could/might/should+V. (原原)虚拟语气虚拟语气1. If 型虚拟用法小结型虚拟用法小结Practice：1. I am not free today. If I _free today , I _ and visit some of my friends . A. am will go B. were , would go C. shall be D. be , must go2. If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _ me from going . A. had been , would have prevente

14、d B. had been, would prevent C. were, would prevent D. were, would have prevented3.If I were to see Tom, what _ you _ me to tell him? A. are ,going to ask B. do , ask C. would , ask D. did, ask省略省略if if 的虚拟的虚拟条件句条件句的倒装的倒装If I were Obamas daughther, If I were Obamas daughther, I would be happy.I woul

15、d be happy.Were IWere I If I had had another chance, If I had had another chance, I would have run faster.I would have run faster.Had I hadHad I had 小结：在虚拟语气条件句中，可省略小结：在虚拟语气条件句中，可省略 if，把，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式提到句首，变为倒装句式If I were at school again, I would study harder.Were I at school again,

16、I would study harder.If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 1._, I would take the teachers suggestion that we read English aloud in the mornin

17、g.A. If I am you B. Were I youC. Am I you D. If I would be you2._ five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.A. If you should arrive B. If you arriveC. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive3. _ it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.A. Were B. should C. wo

18、uld D. willPractice虚拟语气虚拟语气If型特例：混合条件句型特例：混合条件句：定义：当从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同时，定义：当从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同时，被称为混合条件句或错综时间条件句，动词的被称为混合条件句或错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.与过去相反与过去相反与现在相反与现在相反 If you _ my advice , you _ better now. If you _ hard befo

19、re, you _a college student now.1. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会好多了如果你听我的建议，你现在就会好多了2. 如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了Practice:had followedwould behad studiedwould be四个建议四个建议六个要求六个要求insistorder, commandadvise, suggest, propose, recommenddemand, require, request, ask, desire, urge其后的宾语从句及其其后的宾语从句及其同根名词同根名词(

20、order,advice,suggestion,proposal,requirement,etc)引导的主语，表语，同位语从句中谓语动词用引导的主语，表语，同位语从句中谓语动词用(should) do虚拟语气虚拟语气2. Should +v 型型两个命令两个命令一个坚持一个坚持1）.在在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，主语宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，主语从句从句(即名词性从句）中。这种用法的词有：即名词性从句）中。这种用法的词有：Translation 他建议我们早点回家。He suggested that we (should) go home earlier.It was sugges

21、ted that we (should) go home earlier.His suggestion was that we (should) go home earlier.He made an suggestion that we (should) go home earlier.虚拟语气虚拟语气宾语从句宾语从句主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句TIPST. or F. You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. Your pale face suggests that you are ill. I insisted

22、 that you ( should) be wrong. I insisted that you were wrong.insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气各有两种意思，要用不同的语气Insist 表示表示“坚决要求坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即时，用虚拟形式，即 should + do;Insist 表示表示“坚持认为，坚持说坚持认为，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事时，用陈述语气，表示事实。实。Suggest 表示表示“建议建议”时，用虚拟形式。时，用虚拟形式。Suggest 表示表示“表明、暗示表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。时，用陈述语气。FTFT虚拟语气虚拟语气P

23、ractice:1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try2 She demanded that the journalists _at once for Iraq. A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to be left3.We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _. A. should be put off B. was put off C. should

24、put off D. is to put off虚拟语气虚拟语气类似用法的词有：类似用法的词有：necessary，strange，natural，desired， a pity, a shame, no wonder, etc. that从句中的动词用从句中的动词用(should)+动词原形动词原形Should + V 型型2). It is important (necessary, strange) that .Practice：1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to take C. must ta

25、keD. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told3.It was ordered that no smoking _ in the library. A. should allow B. be allowed C. will be allowed D. is allowedDBBwish / as if (though)/ If only 3.类似类似 if 型型虚拟语气虚拟语气would rather but for / without / ot

26、herwise Its (high/about) time +thatwishas if /as thoughif only+从句从句现在现在: did（were）过去过去: had done未来未来: would/could/might +V.(原原)类似类似 if 型（型（1）I wish every day _my birthday.wereI wish I _ (eat)hadnt eatenhadnt eatenso much watermelon yesterday.(3) (3) 表示对将来的主观愿望表示对将来的主观愿望: : 从句动词形从句动词形式为式为 “ “ would /

27、 could / might动动词原形词原形”。有有shouldshould吗？吗？I wish it I wish it would would rainrain tomorrow. tomorrow.我希望明天会下雨。我希望明天会下雨。他那样对待我他那样对待我, , 好像我是陌生人似的。好像我是陌生人似的。He treats me as if I _ a stranger.as if/as though 虚拟用法同虚拟用法同wishwereHe talks about Rome as if he_(be) there before.had been1. If only I _(be) ri

28、ch.2. If only I _(take) the doctors advice then.3. If only I _(see) the beautiful girl again.if only 虚拟用法同虚拟用法同wish:werehad takencould see would rather +that 从句从句 宁愿。宁愿。过去时过去时过去完成时过去完成时与过去相反与过去相反与现在与现在/将来相反将来相反类似类似 if 型（型（2）虚拟语气虚拟语气 I would rather you _(pay) me now. (现在现在) I would rather you _ (go)

29、there yesterday. (过去过去) Dont come. I would rather you _(come) tomorrow. (未来未来)paid had gonecamePracticeIt is (high/about) time that一般过去时一般过去时should + 动词原形动词原形此处此处should不省略不省略类似类似 if 型（型（3）1.It is high time the child _ to the hospital. A. is sent B. would be sent C. must be sent D. were sent2.Its hig

30、h time they_ this road. A. mend B. mended C. must have mended D. will mendPractice类似类似 if 型（型（4）虚拟语气虚拟语气but for +n(要不是), without +n, otherwise(否则)一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句（一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句（if）, 其后的句子与其后的句子与if型虚拟中主句用法一致。型虚拟中主句用法一致。+句子句子would/could/might/should +V. (原原)would/could/might/should+have done与现在与现在/将来相反将来

31、相反与过去相反与过去相反1. But for your help, we (make) such rapid progress.没有你的帮助，我们是不会取得这么快的进展的。没有你的帮助，我们是不会取得这么快的进展的。would not have made虚拟语气虚拟语气类似类似 if 型型2. Without air, there _ (be) no living things. 如果没有空气，就不会有生物如果没有空气，就不会有生物 would be3. Thanks to the brave young man, otherwise, the boy _(die).would have di

32、edSubjunctive moodIf 型型Should +v型型类似类似if型型。省略省略if，were, had ,should提前的倒装句提前的倒装句混杂条件句混杂条件句(各自为准各自为准)1. 一个坚持，两个命令，一个坚持，两个命令， 四个建议，六个要求。四个建议，六个要求。2. It is necessary/strange+that1. wish/as if /if only2. would rather3. It is (high/about) time that4. but for/without/ otherwise1.过去式过去式2.过去完成过去完成 3.would/co

33、uld/might +v 1.过去式过去式2.过去完成过去完成 过去式过去式should（不省）（不省） +v1.would/could/might/should+v2.would/could/might/should +have doneinsistsuggestConclusion：1. 判断是否虚拟判断是否虚拟2. 判断虚拟类型判断虚拟类型3. 判断虚拟时间判断虚拟时间Consolidation exercise:1. If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. A. asked would know B. had asked would

34、have known C. asked him know D. had asked would know2. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海) A. hasB. hadC. will have D. had had3. The volleyball match will be put off if it _. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained4. Its half past eleven. Its high time _ home

35、. A. well B. wed C. were going D. we wentDBBD Test:1.(2013北京)If we _ a table earlier, we couldnt be standing here in a queue. A. have bookedB. bookedC. book D. had booked2. (2013福建)-Do you think George has passed the driving test?-No. If so, he _ his car to our college yesterday. A. would drive B. d

36、rove C. would have driven D. had driven3.(2013江苏) I should not have laughed if I _ you were serious. A. thought B. would think C. had thought D. have thought4. (2013陕西)My mom suggests that we_ eat out for a change this weekend. A. should B. might C. could D. would5.(2013天津) If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he _ able to speak it much better now. A. will be B. would be C. has been D. would have been 点击高考点击高考DCCAB 6.(2013浙江)Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old. A. was B. be C. were D. is 7.(2013安徽) I _ to