被动语态 (2)

1、The Great Wall was built by Chinese people.This apple was eaten by lanyangyang .榆中县韦营初级中学 乔成玉The Passive Voice英语动词有两种英语动词有两种语态语态：主动主动语态和语态和被动被动语态。语态。 1.1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者, 2. 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态被动语态。 时态：时态：1. 一般现在时：一般现在时：2.一般过去时：一般过去时：3.一般将来时一般将来时：4.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词的被动语态：被

2、动语态被动语态结构：结构：be + 及物动词及物动词过去分词过去分词+ (by )am/is/are + v.p.p. was (were) + v.p.p. will (shall) /be going to + be + v.p.p. must (can, may等等) + be + v.p.p. 想一想想一想:你还知道哪些时态的被动语态你还知道哪些时态的被动语态?被动语态结构被动语态结构S + be + Vt.p.p.一、时态：一、时态：1.一般现在时：一般现在时：2.一般过去时：一般过去时：3.一般将来时一般将来时：4.情态动词：情态动词：S + am/is/are + V.p.p.S

3、 + was + V.p.p.S + will be + V.p.p.S + is going to be + V.p.p.S + can be + V.p.p.二、动词的过去分词的变化规则二、动词的过去分词的变化规则1.一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如： worked played wanted acted 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如： lived moved decided declined hoped3.以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：studied tried criedcarried 4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，

4、双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed如： stopped注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。 go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew 二、动词的过去分词的变化规则二、动词的过去分词的变化规则1.一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如： worked played wanted2.以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如： lived moved decided declined hoped 3.以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i

5、再加-ed，如：studied tried cried carried 4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed如： stopped注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。 go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew 在改写中应注意：在改写中应注意：1.把把来的来的提到前面作被动语态的提到前面作被动语态的2.把动词变成把动词变成“”;3.主动语态中的主动语态中的变为介词变为介词的的典型题例典型题例例例1 将下列句子改为

6、被动语态。将下列句子改为被动语态。 We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态：am/are/is + 1. People play football all over the world.2. Mr. Green teaches us this term.Football all over the world .We this term.is playedby peopleare taught (by Mr. Green)一般过去时的被动语

7、态：一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + 4. People built the Great Wall long ago.5. Two years ago we used the machines to make shoes for children.The Great Wall long ago.Two years ago those machines shoes for children. was built (by people) were used (by us) to make 一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态：will / be going to + be + 6.

8、 We will write a diary next class.7. Tom is going to hold a birthday party.A diary next class.A birthday party . will be written (by us) is going to be held by Tom情态动词的被动语态：情态动词的被动语态：must/may/can等等 + be + 8. You must throw the broken cup away at once.9. We have to finish our homework on time.The bro

9、ken cup at once.Our homework . must be thrown away (by you) has to be finished (by us) on time你知道的双宾语双宾语有哪些有哪些? buy sb sth buy sth for sb make sb sth make sth for sb give sb sth give sth to sb send sb sth send sth to sb show sb sth show sth to sb lend sb sth lend sth to sb hand sb sth hand sth to sb

10、 10We gave him some books.He .Some books .was given some books (by us) were given him (by us) 11.Her father bought her a present. She was bought a present by her father . A present was bought for her by her father.（1）将）将间接宾语间接宾语(人人)变为主语，直接变为主语，直接宾语宾语(物物)不变。不变。（2）将）将直接宾语直接宾语(物物)变为主语，一般变为主语，一般要在间接宾语前要

11、在间接宾语前加介词加介词或或.写一写写一写: 哪些动词后跟不带哪些动词后跟不带to的动词不定式做宾补的动词不定式做宾补? “一感一感,二听二听,三让三让,四看四看? feel hear,listen to let, make,have look, watch,see, observe思思 考考 ：12I usually hear her sing English songs in the morning.She in the morning.is usually heard sing English songs 14He makes her horse work all day. Her ho

12、rse all day.15. My father let me go out for a picnic. I out for a picnic.is made work was let go 不带不带“to”不定式不定式（1）感觉动词）感觉动词(hear, see等等)改被动语态改被动语态（2）使役动词）使役动词(let, make等等)改被动语态改被动语态变被动语态时要加上变被动语态时要加上“to” 如：如： I saw him fall off the tree. He was seen fall off the tree.哪些动词不能用于被动语态哪些动词不能用于被动语态? 有些及物动词

13、有些及物动词have ,reach,cost等等, 有些感官动词有些感官动词 smell ,taste,sound,feel等等 Five dollars is cost by this book.(改错) This book costs five dollars. 2.The food is tasted delicious.(改错) The food tastes delicious. 某些动词如某些动词如move, lock, shut, open等与等与cant, wont等连用时等连用时, 某些动词如某些动词如sell，read, write, wash, clean等与等与well

14、, easily等连用时等连用时,含有被动意义含有被动意义 The door wont open. 2.The cloth washes well. 3.The pen writes easily. 4.The box cant move.做题方法：做题方法：1、根据、根据上下文上下文和和关关键词键词（信号词）判断（信号词）判断时态时态。2、注意动名词、不、注意动名词、不定式、原形定式、原形3、注意单、复数、注意单、复数4、想着、想着被动语态被动语态语篇练习语篇练习(动词填空题动词填空题):Fill in the blanks:(注意运用被动语态）注意运用被动语态）Paper ( invent

15、)_in A.D.105 by Cai Lun in China.It is an important part of our everyday lives,but few people ever think about how it (make) _.Today most paper comes from trees.However,with the concern for the environment (考虑到环境考虑到环境) , more and more paper(produce)_from recycled paper products.Since paper products

16、are of different qualities,they first(sort分类分类)_before they (recycle)_.The sorted material (put) _into a huge machine. was invented is made is produced are sorted are recycled is put All of my students think Im a good teacher. I (1) _ (work) in the school since 2008. I am always nice to my students. I often (2)_ (help) them with their school work. So I(3)_ (regard) as their best friend. They love me very much and they often do something nice for me. One day before Teach