高二英语倒装句

1、倒装句倒装句就是将正常的陈述语序加以变化，主要作用是强调被提前的部分，倒装句可分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种：.全部倒装谓语动词提前至主语之前为全部倒装，如：Outcamehisguest.Onthehillstoodalittlecottagethatcontainedheapsofhay.Therelivedanelderlyladywhosehusbanddiedlongago.-部分倒装助动词或情态动词提至主语之前，谓语动词位置不变，即为部分倒装，如：Neithercouldheseethroughyourplan.SolittledidIknowabouthimthatIwaseasil

2、ytakeninbyhiswords.Doesn'therinvitationappealtoyou?英语句子使用的目的，可分为四大类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。这四大类型句子都有可能出现倒装句。一、疑问句中出现的倒装句1. 特殊疑问句中（1）Whatisthis?（全倒装）（2）Whichdoyouwant?（部分倒装）特殊疑问句中，如果疑问词做主语或疑问词修饰主语时，句子不用倒装，即用陈述语序。例如：Whodidityesterday?Whichguycandothiswork?2. 一般疑问句（1）DoyoustudyEnglisheveryday?（部分倒装）（2）May

3、Icomein?（3）Areyougoingtobeateacher?一般疑问句中，常把助动词或情态动词放在句首，即位于主语前，而构成部分倒装。二、感叹句中出现倒装句1. What引导的感叹句(1) Whatahappylifewehavehad！(宾语在主语前面)(2) Whatafinedayitis!(表语在主语前面)(3) WhatashiningexampleComradeLeiFenghassetus!2. How引导的感叹句（1）Howhappyweare!（表语在前面）（2）Howhardtheyareworking!（状语在前面）（3）Howniceadayitis!注意：W

4、hat或how引导的句子，主谓也有不倒装的。What所强调的重点是名词，这一名词一般是表语或宾语，有时所强调的名词可能是主语。例如：Whatenormouscrowdcame!What也可单独使用。例句：Whatshesufferedintheolddays!How修饰形容词、副词或动词。有时howmany的搭配也可修饰名词。ForhowmanyyearshaveIwaited!该短语作状语。3. 副词引导词引导的感叹句（1）Therecomesthebus!（2）Incomethestudents!（3）Offgoestheworker!副词引导词位于句首，一方面为了强调，另一方面使情景生动

5、。主语是名词时，主谓倒装；如果主语是人称代词，主谓不倒装。例如：Awayhewenttothestation!三、祈使句中出现的倒装（1）Longlivetheking!（2）LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina!（3）Mayyousucceed!祝你成功！Longmayhelive!愿他长命百岁！（4）Don'tyouopenthedoor.Don'tanyoneopenthedoor.祈使句一般无主语，有时也有主语出现。祈使句的主语要重读，代词也要重读（陈述句的主语一般不重读）。祈使句常用句号。表示一种强烈感情时，句子用感叹号。四、陈

6、述句中出现的几种倒装句1. 主谓倒装1）2）3）4）Longlongago,therewasawarbetweenthebirdsandthebeasts.OnceuponatimethereweresixblindmeninIndia.“Comealong,then.”saidthebird.buttowardtheendtherecametheterriblestorm.2. 表语倒装(1) SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplemanofgreatachievements.(全倒装)(2) Insidethepyramidsaretheroomsforthebodie

7、sofkingsandqueens.(3)Averyreliablepersonheis.(主语是人称代词时，主谓不倒装)3. 宾语倒装(1)Manyhappyhoursshehadspentplanningforsomethingniceforhim.(2)Twenty-onedollarstheytookforit.(3)Notasinglemistakedidhemake.(4)Onlyadictionaryheneverforgetstobringhere.宾语在前时，多数属于强调部分，句子一般不加助动词，偶尔也有助动词出现，如例句(3)。五、复合句中的倒装(1)Itakebackwh

8、atIsaid.(2).andtheshipwouldhavesunkwithallboardhaditnotbeenforthecaptain.(要是没有那位船长，就会连船带人都沉没了。)(3)WereIyou，Iwouldgowithhim.(4)Proudasthesenoblesare，heisafraidtoseeme.(5)Notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim，butalsohisGermancitizenship.(6)Hardly(Scarcely)hadhesatdownwhenthetelephonerang.(7)Th

9、eharderyouwork,thegreaterwillbeyourachievement.六、其他倒装陈述句中为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语、宾语、状语等成分，或使上下文紧密衔接时，使用倒装句。(1)Onthewallisablackboardonwhichwerewrittensomewords，“Itisnousesittingherewithoutlisteningtome.(定语从”句中，主语的同位语太长)(2)Theyenteredtheclassroom，infrontofwhichsatanaughtyboy.(使上下文紧密衔接)(3)Goneforeveraretheday

10、swhentheChinesepeoplewerelookeddownuponbytheforeigners.(主语加上定语后太长而表语短，所以表语在前面，强调句子平衡)七、难点：否定词提前倒装A. 否定词用于句首时，句子应进行部分倒装否定词常用的有：Notuntil(直到.才)Never/Rarely/SeldomNotonly(butalso)Nosooner.(than)(.就)Few/LittleNwhereHardly/Scarcely(when)Neither/Nor(也不)AtnotimeUndernocircumstances(决不)InnowayOnnoaccount其中no

11、tonly,nosooner,hardly,scarcely分别和but(also),than,when搭配使用，需注意：后一组词之后的部分不进行倒装，只有否定词之后的部分倒装。如：HardlyhadIarrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.Notonlywasheabletoenterthefinalroundofthecontest,buthecameoutfirstaswell.NosoonerhadIgotanychancetospeakthantheclerkslammedthedoorinmyface.Seldomdoeshetravelabout.Underno

12、circumstancesshouldyoubetrayyourowncountry.此类倒装句一般出现在填空题中，需填入的是倒装部分，只要在句首见到上述的词，就应条件反射的想到用倒装句例题：(1)wasthefirstfullysuccessfultransatlanticcablefinallylaid.(A) Notuntil1866(B) Until1866,just(C) Until1866(D) In1866,notuntil答案：A解释：由被动式waslaid被名词短语分割开可知,此句是个部分倒装句,选项中只有A否定词提前可引导倒装句,1866应是until的宾语,故D不对;此句

13、正常语序应为:Thefirstfullysuccessfultransatlanticcablewasnotfinallylaiduntil1866.(2)Notuntil1931theofficialanthemoftheUnitedStates.(A) “TheS-tsaprangledBanner”didbecome(B) when“TheS-staprangledBanner”became(C) did“The-SsptaarngledBanner”become(D) became“The-SstaprangledBanner”答案：C解释：否定词not放在句首引起部分倒装，只有C符合

14、倒装语序B. 介词、分词词组提前倒装当句子没有宾语，且主语偏长时，往往将句中作状语的介词短语或作表语的形容词短语或作表语的分词短语提至句首，引起主谓的全部倒装。如：Inthemiddleoftheriverfloatedtheclusterofplantsthatshehadcast.Characteristicofananarchistwasherstrongoppositiontothegovernment,whichshehadblamedforallthesocialinjustices.Lyingonthegrasslandisaprettygirlinherearlytwentie

15、s.例题：(1)Typicalofthegrasslanddwellersofthecontinent,orpronghorn.(A) itistheAmericanantelope(B) theAmericanantelopeis(C) istheAmericanantelope(D) theAmericanantelope答案：C解释：此句为形容词短语betypicalof作表语前置引起的完全倒装句,空白处缺少的实为倒装的主语和谓语动词,AB未倒装,可首先排除;D无动词,也可排除.此句正常语序应为:TheAmericanantelope,orpronghorn,istypicalofthe

16、grasslanddwellersofthecontinent.(2)TheglaciersthatreachedthePacificCoastwerevalleyglaciers,andbetweenthosetonguesoficethatallowedtheoriginalforeststosurvive.(A) thatmanysanctuarieswere(B) weremanysanctuaries(C) weretheremanysanctuaries(D) therethemanysanctuaries答案：B解释：and是并列句的连接词，逗号前是分句一，and后是分句二.因分

17、句二中between引导的介词短语提前，空格处需要分句二倒装的主谓语，D无谓语，可先排除；A使原句只有从句无主句;C中there是多余的，只能选BC. 副词提前倒装副词提至句首引起倒装，可分以下几种情况：1. only+副词(when,before,if,after等)或only+介词状语(由in,under,by,on,after等引导)提前，必须部分倒装。如：Onlythendidherealizehowstupidhehadbeen.OnlyafterenteringthestoredidArthurrealizethattherewasdanger.Onlyinthelibraryca

18、nsheconcentrateonherstudy.2. often,such,so等副词提前，部分倒装如:Sodiligentlydidheworkthathegothightscoresonthefinalexam.(=Heworkedsodiligentlythathegothightscoresonthefinalexam.)Suchwashiswishthattheworldwouldstayawayfromwarforever.Oftendidwegoonaholidayinhotsummer.注意，so的另一种倒装是表示也”Californiareliesheavilyoninc

19、omefromcrops,andsodoesFlorida.加利福尼亚过多的依赖于来自农作物的收入，佛罗里达也是这样同理，体会一下neither,nor的倒装Hecan'tdance,neither/norcanI.=Ican't,either.他不会跳舞，我也不会。3. in,out,down,up,away,off,here,there,over等副词提前，全部倒装。如：Offgotthestaggeringgentlemen.HerearethephotosItookattheseaside.例题：(1)Asinevitablyashumanculturehaschangedwiththepassingoftime,sodoestheA