高二英语选修7Unit2第四课时Grammarlearning导学单

1、高二英语选修7Unit2第四课时【Grammarlearning】导学单高二英语选修七Unit2Robots导学单导学单（四）Grammarlearning教学目标：复习被动语态。各种时态下被动语态的结构和用法。能辨别被动语态与系表结构。Lookallowingayingaunderlinedpavesareusedforcuttingthing2.TgnguestsweregivenawarmwelcomebldNuclearenergyhasbeenusedtoproduceelbyuveralbigmodernpowerplantswillbebuiltinouxtyeaurmistak

2、esshouldbdrightnowbikeisbeingrepairedbyTomnowDiscoveringusefulstructuresGoovassivevbe+V+-ed/-en/-amburgerwaseatenbythedog.Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinou使用被动语态的情况1.我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁的时候（这时不带by引起的短语）。PrintingwasintroducedtoEua.（省略了by短语。）Look!Tgverythinghasbeentakenaway.（省略了by短语。）2.当我们出于礼貌、措辞委婉等方面考虑不愿说出

3、动作的执行者是谁时。Youarerequestedtogiveaauarecordially（诚挚地）invitedtoapartytobegivenattheTeachersClubaNov.2当我们强调或兴趣在动作的承受时（这时可带by引起的短语）。Thesongwad（组成;写作）byastudAgoodtimewashadbyall.被动语态的构成被动语态由be+过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以give为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：一般现在时：am/is/are+givTNewCollegeEnglishisdesignedakingpracticeandisbasedure

4、sand一般过去时：was/were+givenTutersweremadeinourowncou一般将来时：will/shallbe+givallwebeaskedtoattendg?过去将来时：wouldbe+givenThenewswouldbldierassoonasitarrived.现在进行时：am/is/arebeing+givenTreesarebeingplantedovb过去进行时：was/werebeing+givenThefeastwasbeingpreparedwbirdsarrived现在完成时：have/hasbeen+givwiftprogresshasalso

5、beenmadeincultureandeduca过去完成时：hadbeen+givenThehugebridgehadbeendamagedbWorldWarII.将来完成时：will/shallhavebeen+givenThebookwillhavebeenpublishedbdofnex含有情态动词的动词变成被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词Thisproblemcanbesolved.WhatsdonecannotbeundGeorgemightbAmericabanyinAugu类似结构(begoingto,haveto等)变成被动语态：Tgoingtobepaintednextw

6、Goaway!Iwanttobeleftal一些特殊的被动语态有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语(指人的宾语)。TheydidnAb.Annwasndthejob.2.在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,waar,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。Theymaleanthefloor.adetocleanthefloorbIt+be+过去分词+that从句（=主语+be+过去分词+todos

7、th.）表示：据说/据报道/据悉/据信等ItissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexaTheboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexa动词get代替be。（get往往用在口语中。）Therewasafightatthepub,butfortunatelynobodygot（=was）huget+done同be+done的区别：getdone往往表示行为不是计划之中，而是意外发生的。如：Thedoggotrunoverbyacar.不可以变成被动语态某些感官动词加形容词及少数其他的动词可以表示被动意义。ll,taste,wash,w

8、ut,prove,sell,read,writeThedishtastesdeliciouTvedrightatlast.Thebgthatitsellswell.“sells”此处为不及物动词“销售起来;有销路”的意思；作及物动词为“卖;出售”Thiskindofclothwasheswell.（耐洗）2.need+V-ing表示“主语承受动词发出的动作”，表示被动意义。我的车需要修理。Mycarneedsrepairing（=toberepaired）某些表示状态或者特征的及物动词没有被动语态形式。这类动词常见的有：beg,equal,fail,hold，baave,lable（相似）,s

9、uit等。ThisnewEnglish-dictionadolla通常只有及物动词（组）才有被动语态，不及物动词没有。如：战争爆发了。可以说：Thewarbrokeout.但不能说：Thewarwasbrokeout.被动结构与系表结构的区别“be+过去分词”这个结构并不都是被动语态，也可能是系表结构。被动语态与系表结构主要区别是：被动结构表示一个动作，而系表结构表示主语的特点或所处的状态，试比较下面的句子：被动结构Twaurroundedbyus.系表结构Thehouseissurroundedb被动结构Shewasbittenbythedogda系表结构Iwasexcitedbwsthat

10、myhusbandgd.课堂检测ldMcDonaldgaveugforawhile,butsoonldwaA.returnedB.returnsC.wasreturningD.hadreturned2.Iaworld,teawithmilkandsugar.AvingBvedC.servesD.servedThenewdictionariesareveryuseful.Theywellandalready.A.sell,havebeensoldoutB.sold,hadsoldoull,selloutD.aresold,havebeensoldouThetrainarriveat11:30,b

11、utitwasanhourlaA.wasabouttoB.waslikelwassupposedtoD.wascertaThisdictionarymustntlibraA.takeawayB.takenawayC.aretakenawayD.betakenawa.IwentoutforanewpaA.iswornoutB.woreoutC.werewD.werewornouThatkindA.ismadefromB.aremadadeofD.aremadRiceinSouthChina.A.growingB.isgrownC.aregrownD.isgrowAllaraask,andwerereadytostaA.completedB.CompladbletedD.havebleted10.TheteachertoldhisstudentsthattheytobeusefuluA.wereallexpectedB.wereallexpectingC.allwereexpectedD.allexpectedlwnA.havenowbeenrebuildingB.arenowrebuildingarenowbeingrebuiltD.arerebuiltnow用被动语态改换下列各句。