高考英语阅读理解专项练习

1、高中毕业班英语阅读理解专项练习（两套）第一套ASomepeoplebelievethatinternationalsportcreatesgoodwillbetweenthenationsandthatifcountriesplaygamestogethertheywilllearntolivetogether.Otherssaythattheoppositeistrue:thatinternationalcontestsencouragefalsenationalprideandleadtomisunderstandingandhatred.Thereisprobablysometruthi

2、nbotharguments,butinrecentyearstheOlympicGameshavedonelittletosupporttheviewthatsportsencourageinternationalbrotherhood.Notonlywastherethetragicincidentinvolvingthemurderofathletes,buttheGameswerealsoruinedbylesserincidentscausedprincipallybyminornationalcontests.Onecountryreceiveditssecondplacemeda

3、lswithvisibleindignationafterthehockeyfinal.Therehadbeennoisyscenesattheendofthehockeymatchas,thelosersobjectingtothefinaldecisions.Theywereconvincedthatoneoftheirgoalsshouldnothavebeendisallowedandthattheiropponents'victorywasunfair.Theirmanagerwasinaragewhenhesaid:"Thiswasnhockey.Hockeyan

4、dtheInternationalHockeyFederationarefinished."ThepresidentoftheFederationsaidlaterthatsuchbehaviorcouldresultinthesuspensionoftheteamforatleastthreeyears.TheAmericanbasketballteamannouncedthattheywouldnotyieldfirstplacetoRussia,afteradisputableendtotheircontest.Thegamehadendedindisturbace.Itwas

5、thoughtatfirstthattheUnitedStateshadwon,byasinglepoint,butitwasannouncedthattherewerethreesecondsstilltoplay.ARussianplayerthenthrewtheballfromoneendofthecourttotheother,andanotherplayerpoppeditintothebasket.ItwasthefirsttimetheU.S.A.hadeverlostanOlympicbasketballmatch.Anappealjurydebatedthematterfo

6、rfourandahalfhoursbeforeannouncingthattheresultwouldstand.TheAmericanplayersthenvotednottoreceivethesilvermedals.nationalIncidentsofthiskindwillcontinueaslongassportisplayedcompetitivelyratherthanfortheloveofthegame.Thesuggestionthatathletesshouldcompeteasindividuals,orinnonterms,mightbetoomuchtohop

7、efor.ButinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympicsthereisfartoomuchthatencouragesaggressivepatriotism.1 .Accordingtotheauthor,recentOlympicGameshave.A. createdgoodwillbetweenthenationsB. bredonlyfalsenationalprideC. hardlyshowedanyinternationalfriendshipD. ledtomoreandmoremisunderstandingandhatred2 .What

8、didthemanagermeanbysaying,".HockeyeindtthealHockeyFederationarefinished"?A. Histeamwouldnolongertakepartininternationalgames.B. HockeyandtheFederationare60thruinedbytheunfairdecisions.C. ThereshouldbenomorehockeymatchesorganizedbytheFederation.D. TheFederationshouldbedissolved.3 .Thebasket

9、ballexampleimpliedthat.A. toomuchpatriotismwasdisplayedintheincidentB. theannouncementtoprolongthematchwaswrongC. theappealjurywastoohesitantinmakingthedecisionD. TheAmericanteamwasrightinreceivingthesilvermedals4 .Theauthorgivesthetwoexamplesinparagraph2and3toshow.A. howfalsenationalprideledtoundes

10、irableincidentsininternationalgamesB. thatsportsmenhavebeenmoreobedientthantheyusedtobeC. thatcompetitivenessinthegamesdiscouragesinternationalfriendshipD. thatunfairdecisionsarecommoninOlympicGames5 .Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?A. TheorganizationoftheOlympicGamesmustbeimproved.B. Athlete

11、sshouldcompeteasindividualsintheOlympicGames.C. Sportshouldbeplayedcompetitivelyratherthanfortheloveofthegame.D. Internationalcontestsareliableformisunderstandingbetweennations.TherearetwomajorpartiesinBritaintoday,theConservativePartyandtheLabourParty,whichhavebeeninpowerbyturnssince1945.Thetwo-par

12、tysystemofBritainwasformedinthecourseofthedevelopmentofthecapitaliststateandthepoliticalparties.Inordertostrengthenthestatemachine,theBritishbourgeosiehaveletitcomeintobeingandexistinoneformoranotherformsincethe17thcentury.P.S.Tregidgooncesaid:"Themorepartiesthereare,thelesslikelyitisthatanyone

13、ofthemwillbestrongenoughinParliamenttooutvotealltheothers;butwhenthereareonlytwo,oneofthemissuretohaveamajorityofseats.Thishelpstoensureastrongandstablegovernment."ThismaybethereasonwhytheBritishhavethetwopartysystem.ThedivisionintotwopartiesgrewouttheestablishmentofaProtestantChurchofEnglandin

14、the16thcentury.Becauseofapurelyreligiousdifferenceofopinion,thePuritanswereseparatedfromthebroadbodyoftheAnglicanChurch.ThenonPuritanAnglicanswereonthesideoftheKingandChurch,andtheirsupporterswerecalledbytheiropponents“Tories."ThePuritanswereforParliamentandtrade,andtheirsupporterswerecalledbyt

15、he“Tories""WhigsToriesandtheWhigswereinpowerbyturnsforalongtime.In1833,theTorypartysplitintotwoanditsnamewaschangedtoConservative.Inthe1860stheWhigsbecameLiberals.Fromthattimeon,theLiberalsandtheConservativeswereinofficebyturnsuntil1922.Thepoliciestheyputintoeffectweresometimesdifferent,bu

16、ttheywerebothcontrolledbytherich.TheworkingclassbecamemoreandmoreunwillingtofollowtheConservativesandtheLiberals.Theywantedtohavetheirownparty.SotheLabourpartywasformedbythetradeunions.After1922theLabourPartygraduallyreplacedtheLiberalPartytobecomeoneofthetwomajorpartiesinGreatBritain.6 .Whatdoes&qu

17、ot;it"standforinthethirdline?A.Thetwopartysystem.B.Thestatemachine.C.ThePartiament.D.Thecapitaliststate.7 .WecanlearnfromwhatP.STregidgooncesaidthat.A. iftherearepartiesinBritain,noneofthemwillbestrongenoughtohavecontrolinthegovernmentB. themorepatientsthereare,themorelikelyitisthattheywillhave

18、thedecisivesayinthegovernmentC. thetwopartysystemcontributestotheestablishmentofapowerfulandlonglastinggovernmentD. ifthereareonlytwopartiesinBritain,itwillbeeasyforthegovernmenttocontrolthem8 .WhatcanweinferfromtheformingoftheToryPartyandtheWhigParty?A. Thesetwopartiesoriginallybelievedindifferentr

19、eligions.B. Thesetwopartieswereestablishedundertheinfluenceofdifferentreligiousbelieves.C. TheBritishKingandtheParliamentsupporteddifferentreligionsbecausedtheywereforthetwopartysystem.D. TheBritishKingandtheParliamentweresupportedbydifferentpartiesforpoliticalreasons.9 .Accordingtothepassage,whywas

20、theLabourPartyestablishedinBritain?A. Becausethetradeunionsdidnotdomuchgoodfortheworkingpeople.B. BecausetheLiberalPartywerenotstrongenoughtodefeattheConservativeParty.C. BecausetheworkingpeoplewouldnotliketobemembersoutsidetheLiberalParty.D. Becauseneitherofthetwomajorpartieswasthepartiesforthework

21、ingpeople.10 .WhichofthefollowingistrueconcerningtheToryPartyortheWhigParty?A. TheWhigPartynolongerexistsinBritain.B. TheToryPartyhaskeptitsunityuntilthepresentday.C. TheWhigPartyhastakentheplaceoftheLiberalParty.D. TheToryPartyhastakentheplaceoftheConservativeParty.CTheimmunesystemisthebody'sde

22、fender.Itidentifies,tracksdown,anddestroystroublemakersbeforetheycanhurtthebody.Thosetroublemakersmaybe,forexample,bacteriafromacutorsplinter,ameaslesgerm,acoldbug,orevenacancercell.Theseinvaderstrytotakeoverourtissuesandfeedoffourbodies'nutrients.Iftheysucceed,webecomesickor,sometimes,evendie.I

23、t'sthejobofourimmunesystemstodestroytheseinvadersbeforetheydestroyus.Sayyoupickedupafluvirus（病毒）lastweek.Perhapsitenteredyourbodythroughacut,fromadrinkingglass,orfromtheairyoubreathe.Ofcourse,youdidn'tfeelit,butthevirusmadeitswayintoyourbloodstream.Assoonasitenteredyourbody,itbegantoreproduc

24、e.Viruseshaveonlyonegoal:totakeoveryourcells.Onceinsideyourbody,virusestrytoentercellsanddisrupttheirnormalwork.Ifleftalone,theseviruseswouldhurtsomanycellsthatyouwouldweaken,orworse,getaseriousillness.Butthisfluvirusshouldnotbesocomplacentasitseemstobe.Asitreproducesinyourbloodstream,thevirusismetb

25、yacertainkindofwhitebloodcell,thelymphocytes.Thelymphocytesarethefootsoldiersthatkeepyoualive.Thenumberoflymphocytesinyourbodyishardtoimagine.Thousandsofthemcouldfitintheperiodattheendofthissentence.Yourbodyholdsaboutatrillionthat's1,000,000,000,000ofthem,orabout3,000ineverydropofblood.Sinceyoub

26、eganreadingthissentence,over800,000ofthemhavebeencreatedanddestroyed.Someoftheselymphocytespassthroughasmallwalnutsizedorgancalledthethymus.Thethymusisthebaseoftheneck.Here,specialhormones（荷尔蒙）turnlymphocytesintofightingcells,calledTcells.Tcellshaveoneterrifictalent:Theycantellthedifferencebetweenfr

27、iendandfoe;whatshouldbeinourbodiesandwhatshouldn't.Theydonotaffectthebody'shealthycells.Yetthattackeverythingthatisforeigntoourbodies,suchasgerms,transplants,andevenourowncellswhichhavebecomeabnormal,asinthecaseofcancer.11 .Whatisthefunctionofourimmunesystem?A. Totakeoverourtissuesandfeedoff

28、ourbodies'nutrients.B. Topreventbacteriaorgermsfromenteringthebody.C. Todestroythetroublemakersinorderthattheymightnothurtthebody.D. TofightagainstTcells.12.What does the wordlymphocytesmean?A.Foodsoldiers.B.Fluvirus.C.Whitebloodcells.D.Troublemakers.13.Thelastsentenceinpara5"sinciEeadinget

29、lhisnsentence,over800,000ofthemhavebeencreatedanddestroyed“impliesthat.A. thissentencecontributestotheincreaseofthenumberoflymphocytesinyourbodyB. youwouldnotrealizethatlymphocytesreproducethemselvesrapidlybutforthissentenceC. becauseyoureadthissentence,alargenumberoflymphocyteshavebeenconsumedD. th

30、enumberoflymphocytesinyourbodyisextremelylarge14 .WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbedetectedbyTcells?A.Thymus.B.Transplants.C.Cancercells.D.Healthycells.15 .Whichofthefollowingquestionsbestsummariesthemainideaofthewholepassage?A. Howdoestheimmunesystemattackthefluvirus?B. Howdoestheimmunesystemfunctioninou

31、rbody?C. Howdothelymphocytesworkinourbody?D. Whatisthesocalledimmunesystem?D“Family"isofcourseanelasticword.ButwhenBritishpeoplesaythattheirsocietyisbasedonfamilylife,theyarethinkingof“family“initsnarrow,peculiarlyEuropeansenseofmother,fatherandchildrenlivingtogetheraloneintheirownhouseasanecon

32、omicandsocialunit.Thus,everyBritishmarriageindicatesthebeginningofanewandindependentfamilyhencethetremendousimportanceofmarriageinBritishlife.Forboththemanandthewoman,marriagemeansleavingone'sparentsandstartingone'sownlife.Theman'sfirstdutywillthenbetohiswife,andthewife'stoherhusband

33、.Hewillbeentirelyresponsibleforherfinancialsupport,andshefortherunningofthenewhome.Theirchildrenwillbetheircommonresponsibilityandtheirsalone.Neitherthewife'sparentsnorthehusband's,northeirbrothersorsisters,auntsoruncles,haveanyrighttointerferewiththemtheyaretheirownmasters.s parents, that i

34、s,it was the parentsReadersofnovelslikeJaneAustenPridean(sPrejudicewillknowthatinformertimesmarriageamongwealthyfamilieswerearrangedbythegirldutytofindasuitablehusbandfortheirdaughter,preferablyarichone,andbyskillfulencouragementtoleadhimeventuallytoasktheirpermissiontomarryher.Untilthattime,thegirl

35、wasprotectedandmaintainedintheparents'home,andthefinancialreliefofgettingridofhercouldbeseenintheirgivingthenewlymarriedpairasumofmoneycalledadowry.Itisverydifferenttoday.Mostgirlsoftodaygetajobwhentheyleaveschoolandbecomefinanciallyindependentbeforetheirmarriage.Thishashadtworesults.Agirlchoose

36、sherownhusband,andshegetsnodowry.16 .Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Famuiurs©(anelasticword"?A. Differentfamilieshavedifferentwaysoflife.B. Differentdefinitionscouldbegiventotheword.C. Differentnationshavedifferentfamilies.D. Differenttimesproducedifferentfamilies.17 .ForanEnglishfamily,thehusban

37、d'sdutyis.A. supportingthefamilywhilethewifeisfinancialB. defendingthefamilywhilethewifeisrunningthehomeC. financialwhilethewifeisrunningthehomeD. independentwhilethewifeisdependent18 .Everythingisdecidedinafamily.A. bythecoupleB.withthehelpoftheirparentsC.bybrothersandsistersD.withthehelpofaunt

38、sanduncles19.WhatistrueconcerningthebookPrideandPrejudice?A.Itisthebestbookonmarriage.B. Itisahandbookofmarriage.C. ItgivesquitesomeideaofEnglishsociallifeinthepast.D. Itprovidesalotofinformationofformertimewealthyfamilies.20.WithregardtomarriageinBritain,presentdaygirlsdifferfromformertimegirlsinA.

39、therightmarryB.moreparentalsupportC.choosinghusbandsD.socialposition第二套AThethreemaintypesofsecondaryeducationintheUnitedStateshavebeenprovidedbytheLatingrammarschool,theacademy,andthepublichighschool.Thefirstofthesewasacolonialinstitution"beganinNewEnglandwiththeestablishmentin1635oftheBostonFr

40、eeLatinSchool.Thecurriculum（课程）consistedmainlyoftheclassicallanguages,andthepurposeofthiskindofschoolwasthepreparationofboysforcollege,wheremostofthemwouldbefittedfortheministry.Theacademybeganintheearly1750'swithBenjaminFranklin'sschoolinPhiladelphia,whichlaterbecametheUniversityofPennsylva

41、nia.Itextendedgenerallytoaboutthemiddlenineteethcentury,exceptinthesouthernstateswherethepublichighschoolwaslateindevelopingandwheretheacademycontinuedtobeaprincipalmeansofsecondaryeducationevenafter1900.Theacademywasopentogirlsaswellastoboys,anditprovidedawidercurriculumthanwhattheLatingrammarschoo

42、lhadfurnished.Itwasdesignednotonlyasapreparationforcollegebutalsoforpracticallifeincommercialandbusinessactivities.Althoughitswideeducationalvaluesareevidentandarerecognizedasimportantcontributionstosecondaryeducationinthiscountry,theacademyhasneverbeenconsideredapublicinstitutionasthepublichighscho

43、olhascometobe.ThepublichighschoolhaditsorigininMassachusettsin1821whentheEnglishClassicalSchoolwasestablishedinBoston.In1827,thestateenacted（制定）thefirststatewidepublichighschoollawintheUnitedStates.By1840,therewereperhapsadozenpublichighschoolsinMassachusettsandmanyinothereasternstatesby1850,theycou

44、ldalsobefoundinmanyotherstates.JustasthecurriculumoftheacademygrewoutofthatoftheLatingrammarschool,thecurriculumofthepublichighschooldevelopedoutofthatoftheacademy.ThepublichighschoolintheUnitedStatesisarepudiation（推翻）ofthearistocratic（贵族的）andselectiveprincipleoftheEuropeaneducationaltradition.Since

45、1890,enrollments（入学）insecondaryschools,mainlypublichighschools,havepracticallydoubledinthiscountryeverytenyears.1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingsequencesindicatestheorderinwhichtheschoolsdeveloped?A. Latingrammarschool,publichighschool,academy.B. Latingrammarschool,academy,publichighschoo

46、l.C. Publichighschool,Latingrammarschool,academy.D. Publichighschool,academy,Latingrammarschool.2.Itistheopinionoftheauthorthattheacademy,comparedwiththepublichighschool,wasA. obviouslyacademicallybetterB. morediscriminatoryinstudentselectionC. coeducationalD. notgenerallyconsideredasapublicinstitut

47、ion3.Theyear1827marksthe.A. enactmentofthefirststatewidepublichighschoollawB. foundingoftheLatinGrammarSchoolinBostonC. establishmentoftheEnglishclassicalSchoolinBostonD. yearwhenMassachusettsmadefreepubliceducationcompulsoryaftertheeighthgrade4.Onecanprobablyinferfromhisarticlethat“Latingrammarscho

48、ol"referstoA. theBostonFreeLatinSchoolB. alltheelementaryschoolsintheUnitedStatesC. schoolswhichtaughtLatin,exclusiveofallothersubjectsD. anumberofschoolswhichdevelopedinNewEngland5.1 tisimpliedbutnotstatedinthepassagethat.A. EuropeaneducationalsystemsarenotgoodB. Ashighschoolsdevelopedintheuni

49、tedstates,thedecisionwasmadetomakethemresponsibletopeoplefromallclassesofsocitety.C. TherewasanaristocraticandselectiveprincipleintheEuropeaneducaionaltraditionD. publichighschoolsintheUnitedStatesembracedtheEuropeaneducationaltraditionIntheeighteenthcenturyoneofthefirstmoderneconomists,AdamSmith,th

50、oughtthatthe“wholeannualproduceofthelandandlabourofeverycountry"providedrevenueto"thrdifferentordersofpeople:thosewholivebyrent,thosewholivebywages,andthosewholivebyprofit”.Eachsuccessivestagtheindustrialrevolution,however,madethesocialstructuremorecomplicated.Manyintermediategroupsgrewupd

51、uringthenineteenthcenturybetweentheuppermiddleclassandtheworkingclass.Thereweresmallscaleindustrialistsaswellaslargeones,smallshopkeepersandtradesmen,officialsandsalariedemployees,skilledandunskilledworkers,andprofessionalmensuchasdoctorsandteachers.Farmersandpeasantscontinuedinallcountriesasindepen

52、dentgroups.Duringthenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturiesthepossessionofwealthinevitablyaffectedaperson'ssocialposition.Intelligentindustrialistswithinitiativemadefortunesbytheirwitswhichliftedthemintoaneconomicgroupfarhigherthanthatoftheirworkingclassparents.Buttheylackedsocialtrainingoftheupper

53、class,whodespisedthemasthe“newrichTheyoftensenttheirsonsanddaughterstospecialschooltoacquiresoicaltraining.Heretheirchildren,mixedwiththechildrenoftheupperclasses,wereacceptedbythem,andveryoftenfoundmarriagepartnersfromamongthem.Inthesameway,athrifty,hardworkinglabourer,thoughnotcleverhimself,mights

54、aveforhissonenoughtopayforanextendedsecondaryschooleducationinthehopethathewouldmoveinacollawhiteoccupation,carryingwithitahighersalaryandamoveupinthesocialscale.Inthetwentiethcenturytheincreasedtaxationofhigherincomes,thegrowthofthesocialservices,andthewiderdevelopmentofeducationalopportunityhaveco

55、nsiderablyalteredthesocialoutlook.Theupperclassesnolongerarethesole,oreventhemainpossessorsofwealth,powerandeducation,thoughinheritedsocialpositionstillcarriesconsiderableprestige.6.WhatcriteriondidAdamSmithseemtogobyinhisclassificationofsocialgroups?A.TheamountofwealthB.TheamountofmoneyC.Thesocials

56、tatusD.Thewayofgettingmoney7.Ifyoucomparethefirstandsecondparagraph,whatgroupsofpeopledidAdamSmithleaveoutinhisclassification?A.Officialsandemployees.B.Peasantsandfarmers.C.Doctorsandteachers.D.Tradesmenandlandlords.8 .Whowerethe'newrich'duringthenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies?A. Theyw

57、erestilltheupperclasspeople.B. Theywereownersoflargefactories.C. Theywereintelligentindustrialists.D. Theywereskilledworkerswhomadetheirfortune.9 .Accordingtothepassage,whatdidthosepeopledowhointendedtomaketheirchildrenmoveupinthesocialladder?A. Theysavedalotofmoneyfortheirchildrentoreceivehigheredu

58、cation.B. Theytriedtofindmarriagepartnersfromthechildrenoftheupperclass.C. Theymadegreaterfortunesbytheirwits.D. Theyworkedevenhardertoacquiresocialtraining.10.1 nthetwentiethcenturyclassdifferenceshavebeenpartlysmoothedoutby.A. increasedincomeanddecreasedtaxationB. taxation,socialservicesandeducati

59、onalopportunitiesC. education,theincreaseofincomeandindustrialdevelopmentD. thedecreaseoftheupperclasspopulationCAttitudesdifferedtosmallerrorsofgrammarandusage,orinappropriatenessofvocabularyandidiom,withthenativespeakersfindingsucherrorsalittleirksome（令人厌烦的）,thoughsometimesamusing,whiletheChinesepanelmemberspaidhardlyanyattentiontosucherrorsas,forexample,misuseofphrasal