裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记第51课

1、Lesson51RewardforVirtue对美德的奖赞WhydidHugh'sdietnotwork?Myfriend,Hugh,hasalwaysbeenfat,butthingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.Hebeganhisdietaweekago.Firstofall,hewroteoutalonglistofallthefoodswhichwereforbidden.ThelistincludedmostofthethingsHughloves:butter;potatoes,rice,beer;milk,chocol

2、ate;andsweets.YesterdayIpaidhimavisit.IrangthebellandwasnotsurprisedtoseethatHughwasstillasfatasever.Heledmeintohisroomandhurriedlyhidalargeparcelunderhisdesk.Itwasobviousthathewasveryembarrassed.WhenIaskedhimwhathewasdoing,hesmiledguiltilyandthenputtheparcelonthedesk.Heexplainedthathisdietwassostri

3、ctthathehadtorewardhimselfoccasionally.Thenheshowedmethecontentsoftheparcel.Itcontainedfivelargebarsofchocolateandthreebagsofsweets!参考译文我的朋友休宜很胖，但是近来情况变得越发糟糕，以致他决定节食。他是星期前开始节食的。首先，他开列了张长长的单子，上而列了所有禁吃的食物。这张单r上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的：黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。昨天我去看望了他。我按响了门铃，当看到休仍和往常样胖时，我并不感到惊奇。他把我领进屋，慌忙把个大包藏到了桌下而。

4、显然他感到很尴尬。当我问他正干什么时，他内疚地笑了，然后把那个大包拿到了桌上。他解释说，他的饮食控制得太严格了，以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己下。接着他给我看了包里的东西。里面装了5大块巧克力和3袋糖果！Newwordsandexpressions(10)rewardn.报偿virtuen.美德dietn.节食forbidv.禁ikforbadeforbiddenhurriedlyadv.匆忙地embarrassv.使尴尬guiltilyadv.内疚地strictadj.严格的rewardv.给奖赏occasionallyadv.偶尔地单词讲解：rewardn.报偿同义词compensate,pay,

5、remunerate,award反义词punish,punishment变化形名复rewards变化形动变rewardedrewardedrewarding（1）n.报酬、奖赏、酬谢、赏金eg：Hereceivedamedalinrewardforhisbravery.他因表现勇敢而获得了i枚奖章.eg：A10-millionrewardhasbeenofferedforthecaptureofBinLaden.悬赏i千万美元捉拿宾拉登。eg：Heworkedhardwithout（any）hopeofreward.他辛勤工作，但却不期待得到报酬。（2）v.给予报酬，酬谢，报答eg：Isthi

6、showyourewardmeformyhelp?你就这样报答我对你的帮助吗？eg：Youwillbefullyrewardedwithallyourefforts.你所有的努力都将得到充分的回报。eg：Iwillrewardyoulater.以后我会报答你。rewardingadj.报酬的，有益的，值得的arewardingexperience次富有价值的经历virtuen.美德同义词goodness,righteousness,morality变化形名复virtues（1）美德、善、清高（反意词：vice恶行，缺德行为）amanofvirtue有德之人eg：Honestyisavirtue

7、.诚实是种美德。leadalifeofvirtue过高尚的生活eg：Virtueisitsownreward.（谚）做好事即乐在其中.eg：Allofthevirtuesgethere.全聚德（2）优点、长处eg：Thebigclasshasthevirtueofmakingmorefriends.大量的美德使能交更多的朋友。eg：Myroomhasvirtueofbeingwarmeveninwinter.我的房间有个好处即使是冬天也很温暖。virtualadj.'v?:tju?l实质的，实际上的eg：Ourdeputymanageristhevirtualheadofthebusi

8、ness.我们的副经理是公司的实际负责人.dietn.节食同义词foodanddrink,food,foodstuffs,victuals变化形名复diets变化形动变dieteddieteddieting（1）节食goonadiet=beonadiet实行节食loseweight减重putonweight=gainweight增胖（2）（日常的）饮食abalanceddiet均衡的饮食：dietsheet（病人的）规定食谱forbidv.禁止，不许OlO2+v-ing同义词prohibit,disallow,bar;ban反义词permit,allowforbidforbadeforbidd

9、enforbiddingforbid+n./doingeg：Whocanforbidourmarriage?i隹可以禁止我们的婚姻?eg：Smokingisforbiddeninthisbuilding.在这幢楼里吸烟是被禁止°forbidsb禁止某人eg：Ifyouwanttogo,Ican'tforbidyou.如果你想去,我不能阻止你°eg：Hedidn'tlikehisdaughter'sboyfriend,andforbadehimintothehouse.他不喜欢他女儿的男朋友，并禁止他进了屋。forbidsbtodo禁止某人做某事eg：

10、Myfatherforbadmetowatchtelevision.我的父亲就禁止我看电视。eg：Itisforbiddentosmokeinthisroom.(NoSmoking)在这个房间禁止吸烟.forbiddenadj.(被)禁止的forbiddenfruit禁果;非法的欢愉forbiddenground禁区、必须避免的问题、犯忌讳的问题theForbiddenCity故宫，紫禁城eg：Godforbidthatweshouldhaveclasstomorrow.上帝保佑，我们明天不用上课。hurriedlyadv.匆忙地、草率地hurriedadj.仓促的，慌忙的：ahurriedt

11、rip匆忙之旅ahurriedmeal匆忙吃了顿饭hurriedlyadv.h?ridli匆忙地：speakhurriedly匆促地讲hurryv.匆忙，催促，赶紧eg：Don'thurry.不要急。eg：Hurryup.快点eg：Withthis,thewomanhurriedaway/off.说完了，该女匆匆离去。eg：Hehurriedhome.他匆匆赶回家。eg：Hehurriedtoschool.他急忙赶到学校。hurryto+地点：匆忙赶到某地eg：Hehurriedbacktohisoffice.他急忙赶回他的办公室。eg：Theyhurriedintothecar.他们

12、急忙上车。embarrassv.使窘；使不好意思，使局促不安H(同义词disconcert,discomfit,abash,confound变化形动变embarrassedembarrassedembarrassingembarrasssb使某人难堪eg：Yoursharpwordsembarrassedhimalot.你尖酸的话令他很难堪。eg：Areyoutryingtoembarrassme?你想要我难堪？eg：Don*tembarrassthembyasking/withpersonalquestions.不要问他们令人难堪的个人问题。eg：Shewasembarrassedbyhis

13、loudlaughter.他的大笑令她感到尴尬。embarrassingadj.令人困惑的、难堪、尴尬的embarrassedadj.感到困惑的、难堪、尴尬的eg：Itwasobviousthathewasveryembarrassed.显然他感到很窘。financiallyembarrassed=shortofmoney囊中羞涩、经济受窘embarrassmentim?b?r?sm?ntn.窘迫：困惑；为难anembarrassmentofriches好东西太多而难以选择东西多得令人为难；财富多得成了累赘blushinembarrassment困难为情而脸红区别：embassy?emb?si

14、n.大馆：大使馆全体成员guiltilyadv.内疚地(1)责任、罪行、罪状eg：Guiltwaswrittenalloverherface.她的罪过都写在脸上了：她在脸上写满了内疚。establishthesuspect'sguilt证实嫌疑犯有罪eg：Hedeniedhisguilt.他否认自己有罪。eg：Heconfessedhisguilt.他承认自己有罪。(2)不安、内疚feelingofguilt内疚感、罪恶感口存<加人、罪内意识岂guilty'giltiadj.有罪的，内疚的guiltless(innocent,clear)'giltlisadj.不

15、熟悉.的,无罪的eg：Ifeelguiltyaboutcuttingclasses.旷课我感到内疚。eg：IfeelguiltybecauseIhavenomoneytolendyou.因为我没有钱借给你感到内疚。eg：Notguilty.裁决某人无罪.eg：Theboyswereguiltyoftheft.男孩子们犯了盗窃罪°guiltilyadv.eg：Shesmiledguiltilyasshesawme.当她看见我时她尴尬地笑。strictadj.严格的、严厉的(+with)同义词harsh,exact,precise,rigorous反义词lenient,loose,lax

16、变化形形变stricterstrictest(1)adj.严格地、严厉的对某人严厉bestrictwithsb=bestrictinsb对某人严厉bestrictinone'swork/study对工作/学习严格eg：Firstofallzyoumustbestrictwithyourself.首先，你必须严格要求自己。astrictteacher位严格的老师：strictrules严格的规定(2)adj.严密地、正确地thestricttruth确凿的事实、绝对真实inthestrictsense严格说来strictly'striktliadv严格地,完全地eg：Strict

17、lyspeaking,youarenotfitforyourjob.严格来说，你是不适合这份工作。eg：Smokingisstrictlyprohibited.严禁吸烟、吸烟被严格地禁止。occasionallyadv.偶尔地、偶尔，间或同义词sometimes,nowandthen,onceinawhileadv.nowandthen,attimes偶而t也eg：Ioccasionallygotothemovieswithhim.我偶尔和他去看电影。occasionaladj.偶而的occasionalvisits偶尔的拜访eg：We'llhaveoccasionalsnowduri

18、ngthenight.晚上偶而会下一阵雪。occasion?kei?nn.时刻，场合：盛会；时机：起因vt引起ononeoccasion次,onanotheroccasion另次onthis/thatoccasion在这种/那种场合-eg：It'salwaysthesameonthiskindofoccasions.在这种场合总是这样的。eg：HehashadfewoccasionstospeakFrench.他很少有机会讲法语。二.Keystructures：一般过去时般过去时：表过去某时发生的动作或处于的状态，通常衣过去的时间状语连用，（也可通过上、下文体现时间）。Igotonth

19、ebusandsatdown.：egThemagazineIorderedwassenttothewrongaddress.worewear：winwonwon：beatbi:tvt.打:战胜forbidf?bidvt.不许,loselostlost：hidehidhiddenburnburnt/burnedleadledledEg：Afirebrokeoutinourtownrecentlyandalargefactorywasburnttotheground.eg：burnttotheground彻底烧毁注意动词不规则过去式、过去分词worneatenateeatfallfellfalle

20、nvi.跳动n.跳动(声)：节拍一beatbeaten禁止一forbadeforbiddenbreakbrokebroken；ring打电话rangrungburnt/burnedrisevi.升起：起立(床)：上涨n.上涨：升高一rose-risenlie躺，平放：位于：伸展：说谎n.谎话一lay-lainlayleiv.置放：铺：产(蛋，卵)；设置；主张一laid-laidcreepkri:pvi.爬行，胡匐；蹑手蹑足地走，缓慢地行进一crept-creptleapli:pvi.跳；冲vt.跃过n.跳跃；激增，骤变一leapt-leapttearti?te?n.眼泪:破洞，裂口v.撕(裂)，被撕破toretornExercise：(1) Iwas(be)gladt