英语国家概况课后习题(附答案)

1、英语国家概况课后习题（附答案）Chapter 1.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T or false (F. F 1.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to referto their country.T 2.The Severn River is the longest river of Britain ,which originates inWales and flows through wester

2、n England.F 3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welshlanguage.F 4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largestpart of Britain.F 5.Although the climate in Britain is generally mild ,the temperature innorthern Scotland often falls bellow-10 i

3、n January.T 6.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo -Saxons.T 7.The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.F 8.English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from thelate 16th century.Choose the best answer to complete each of the foll

4、owing statements.1. The two main islands of the British Isles areA A.Great Britain and Ireland B.Great Britain and ShcotlandC.Great Britain and England D.Great Britain and England2. B is the capital city of Scotland.A.Belfast B.EdinburghC.London D.Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom

5、, D is the smallest.A.England B.ScotlandC.Wales D.Northern Ireland4. English belongs to the C group of the Indo -European family oflanguages.A.Celtic B.NormanC.Germantic D.Roman5. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of -D words to English.A.Danish and Finnish B.Dutch

6、and GermanC.French and Italian D.Latin and Greek6. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by theA influence.A.Norman B.DutchC.German D.Danish7. Samuel Johnson s dictionary was influential in establishing a standardform ofC .8. At present,nearly C of the world s populations communicate inEngl

7、ish.A.half B.a quarterC.one third D.one fifth.Give brief answers to the following questions.1. Why do tourist from all over the world like go to Scotland?2. How many periods can the development of the English language be dividedintoand what are they?3. Why did English become more important after the

8、 Black Death?.State your understanding of the following questions.1. Who are the British people?2. What is Standard English?Chapter 2.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T or false(F. T 1.Birtish history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.T 2.The Anglo Saxon came to Br

9、itain in the 5th century.F 3.The chief or king of the Anglo Saxon tribes exercised power at their ownwill.T 4.The Viking began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.T 5.Henry built up a large empire which included England and most offrance.F 6.The Magana Carta was designed to protect the ri

10、ghts of both theprivileged class and townspeople.F 7.The Hundred YearsWar was a series of wars fought between the Britishand the Vikings for trade and territory.T 8.In an effort to make a compromise between different religiousfactions,Queen Elizabeth actually defended the fruit the Reformation. . Ch

11、oose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The D attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. Norman B. DanishC.Celtic D.Germanic2. By the late 7th century, D became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic Christianity B. Anglo Saxons ChristianityC.Germ

12、anic Christianity D. Roman Christianity3. The C marked the establishment of feudualism in England.A.Viking invasions B. signing of the Magna CartaC.Norman Conquest D.adoption of common law4. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule ofC A.the House of Valois B. the House of YorkC. the House o

13、f Tudor D. the House of Lancaster5. The direct cause ofor the Reformation was King Henry s effortto A .A.divorce his wife B.break with RomeC.support the Protestant D.declare his supreme power over the church6. The English Civil War broke out in1642 between B A.the Protestant and the Puritans B.the R

14、oyalist and the ParliamentarianC.the nobles and the peasants D.the aristocrats and the Christians7. A was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A.The Bill of Rights B.The Act of SupremacyC.The Provisions of Oxford D.The Magna Carta8. The Industrail Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle

15、 ofthe C century.A.17th B.18thC.19th D.20th.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What were Queen Victorias major achievements?2.What were the two camps in the World War?3.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the Uinited States after World War ?.State your understanding of the following

16、questions.1.What were the results of the Industrail revolution in Britain?2.Explain the rise and fall of the British Empire.Chapter 3.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T or false(F. T 1.Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in theworking of the E

17、ngland government.F 2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout thehistory.F 3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the house of all governmentpowers.F 4.The British Parliament is the law making body of the Commonwealth ofNations.F 5.The members of the House of Commons are appoin

18、ted rather thanelected.T 6.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the minority party inParliament.F 7.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from variouspolitical parties in Parliament.T 8.The legal systems in England ,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland aremuch similar in terms of la

19、w,orgalizations and practice. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The British government is characterized by a division of powers betweenthree of the following branchs EXCEPT theC .A.judiciary B.legislature C.monarchy D.executive2. The importance of the British mon

20、archy can be seen in its effect on D .A.passing bills B.advising the gowernmentsC.political parties D.public attitude3. As a revising chamber ,the House of Lords is expected toB the Houseof Commons.A.rival B.complement C.criticize D.inspect4. A is at the center of the British political system.A.The

21、Cabinet B.The House of LordsC.The House of Commons D.The Privy Council5. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to B .A.make decisions B.give adviceC.pass bills D.supervise the Cabinet6. Generally speaking,the British Parliament operates on a B system.A.single party B.two party C.three party

22、D.multi party7. The politices of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand D .A.government intervention B.nationalization of enterprisesC.social reform D.a belief in individualiam8. In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held everyC years.A.three B.four C.five D.six.Give br

23、ief answers to the following questions.1. 2. What kind of public image does the Liberal Democrats have in Britain?3. 1. What do British electoral campaigns usually involves during the processof a general election?2. What is the Commonwealth of Nations?Chapter 4.Read the following statement and decid

24、e whether they are ture(T or false (F. T 1.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.T 2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwarperiod.F 3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent.F 4.Thatcher s revolution turned out to be agreat succe

25、ss in dealing with allthe British economic and social problems.T 5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that ofthe old Labor Party and the Conservetive Party.T 6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in oder to separate politicsfrom economic policy.F 7.Britain is an im

26、portant oil exporter since its oil industry has a longhistory.T 8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The A in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A.oil crisis B.high inflation

27、ratesC.large imports D.unemployment problem2. Of the following practices, C did not belong to Thatcher s social welfare reform.A.reducing child benefitsB.shortening the period of unemployment benefitsC.reducing unemploymentD.lowering old age pension3. The Blair government was successful in the follo

28、wing aspect EXPECT D .A.limiting government spending B.keeping inflation under controlC.reducing unemployment D.reducing inequality4. Britain has devoted aboutC of its land area to agriculture.A.50% B.60%C.70% D.80%5. Britains important fishing areas include all the following EXCEPTD .A.the North Se

29、aB.the English ChannelC.the area around the Irish coastD.the sea area between Britain and Ireland6. Coal mining industry in Britain providesB of the energy consumed inthe country.A.one third B.one fourthC.one fifth D.two thirds7. The car industry in Britain is mostly A .A.foreign owned B.state owned

30、C.joint owned D.privately owned8. Of the following sectors in Britain, C has experienced spectaculargrowth since the end of the World War .A.agriculture B.the energy industryC.the service sector D.the manufacturing industry.Give brief answers to the following questions.2.What are the charactoristics

31、 of Britainsagriculture?3.What happened to Britains beef industry in the mid 1990s?.State your understanding of the following questions.2.Why do developed nations like Britian encourage the development of the service industry?Chapter 5.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T

32、or false (F. F 1.The Britain government has been responsible for education since theearly 1800s.F 2.Education inBritain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6and 15.F 3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the states system and theindependent system.T 4.When children finish th

33、eir schooling at 16,they are required to take anational GCSE examination.T 5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance toenter famous universities than those from independent schools.F 6.The Times is the world oldest Sunday newspapers.F 7.The BBC World Service broadcast on

34、ly in English throughout the world. T 8. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark important events in theChristian calendar,and some others are related to local customs and traditions.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. In Britain,the division between grammer s

35、chools and vocational schools was ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the D .A.1930s B.1940sC.1950s D.1960s2. Over C of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A.5% B.6%C.7% D.Partially funded 8%3. Partially funded by central governme

36、nt grants,most of the British universities receive the remaining funds from all the following sources EXCEPT B .A.tuition fees B.loansC.donations D.corporate contributions4. To be admitted to the Open University, one needsB .A.some educational qualificatonsB.no educational qualificationsC.the Genera

37、l Certificate of Education Advanced level.D. the General Certificate of Secondary Education5. Among Britain s quality press,the following newspapers are regarded asthe Big ThreeEXCEPT C .A.The Times B.The GuardianC.The Observer D.The Daily Telegraph6. Life On Earth is a kind of C program produced by

38、 the BBC is popularworldwide.A.radio B.dramaC.documentary D.soap opera7. D is Britains top pay television provider.A.BSB B.SkyTVC.BBC D.BSkyB8. The following Christmas traditions are particularly BritishEXCEPT A .A.Trooping the Color B.the Queens Christmas messageC.Boxing Day D.the Christmas pantomi

39、me.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What used to be the major functions of grammer schools and vocational schools in Britain.2.What kind of subjects do British comprehensive schools provide?3.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?4.What role does the med

40、ia play in Britain leisure culture?.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What are the general features of Britains independent schools?2.What are the Quality Pressand the tabloids in Britain?Chapter 6.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T or false (F. F 1.T

41、he Canterbury Tales is representative work of the old English period. T 2.The Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latinclassic works.T 3.As a great English peot,Alexander Pope also translated Homers Iliad. F 4.Jhonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the Eng

42、lishlanguage,and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.F 5.William Wordsworth amd Sumuel Taylor Colerdge brought theRomantic Movement to its height.F 6.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his shortpoems,such as Ode to the West Winds.F 7.Jane Austen is a well known novelist of the

43、 stream of consciousnessschool.T 8.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism,whichprevailed before World War .Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance isB .A.poetry B.dramaC.novel D.pamphlet2. C

44、is viewed as Romantic poetrys Declaration of independence.A. I Wonder Lonely as a Cloud B. Don JuanC.The preface to Lyrical Ballads D.Prometheus Unbound3.Of Dickens novels, B is considered most autobiographical.A.A Tale of Two Cities B.Davied CopperfiedC.Oliver Twist D.Great Expectations4. D is a re

45、presentative of English Critical Realism in the turn of the 19thcentury.A.Robert Louis Setevenson B.John MiltonC.Joseph Conard D.Thomas Hardy5. Of the following books, C is NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A.Jude the Obscure B.Tess of the dUrbervillesC.Adam Bede D.The Return of the Native6. A is not incl

46、uded in the modernist group.A.Oscar Wilde B.Virginia Woolf7. Of the following writers, B is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A.Samuel Beckett B.James JoyceC.William Golding D.V .S.Naipual8. Waiting for Godot is written byA .A.Samuel Beckett B.Geroge Orwell.Give brief answers to the following questions.2.Wha

47、t is Critical Realism?3.What are the two new literary trends prevailing at the end of 19th century?4.What is the stream of consciousness?.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What is Romanticism?2.What are the characteristics of English literauture in the 20th century?Chapter 7.Read

48、 the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T or false (F. F 1.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland. F 2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.F 3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part ofBri

49、tain.T 4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic, but belonged to theBritish Commonwealth of Nations.F 5.Ireland s economy wasn t affected by World War because itremained neutral during the war.F 6.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic andreturned the six norther

50、n counties.F 7.English is the only official language in Ireland because the majority ofpeople speak it as their mother tongue.T 8.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith, but ofpublic identity.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. -B- estab

51、lished a unified Irish culture and language in the 6th century BC.A. Hunter-gatherers from Britain B. Celtic tribesC. British invaders D. The Vikings2. Divergent views about -C-resulted in the Irish Civil War.A. the Act of UnionB. the Unilateral Declaration of IndependenceC. the Anglo-Irish TreatyD.

52、 the Anglo-Irish Agreement3. -C-was the first Irish President to visit Queen Elizabeth .A. Eamon de Valera B. John A. CostelloC. Mary Robinson D. Albert Reynolds4. -D-brought Anglo-Irish relations to a new height.A. The British recognition of the Irish RepublicB. The signing of the Downing Street De

53、clarationC. The signing of the Belfast AgreementD. The IRAs formal declaration of the disarmament in 20055. In Ireland, the head of state is-B-A. the Prime Minister B. the PresidentC. the British monarch D. the General Governor6. -C-has been the dominant party in Ireland since 1930s and supportspeac

54、eful reunification of the island of Ireland.A. Fine Gael B. The Labor PartyC. Fianna Fail D. The Progressive Democrats7. Emigration in Ireland started since the -A-A. medieval period B. 17th centuryC. Great Potato Famine D. early 18th century8. Ireland now has a -B- economy.A. agriculture-based B. k

55、nowledge-basedC. industry-based D. foreign investment-based.Give brief answers to the following questions.1. Why was Cork given the nickname the Rebel County?2. Who were the first groups of people that came to Ireland?3. Why did Ireland remain neutral in World War ？.State your understanding of the f

56、ollowing questions.1. What is the significance of the following documents: the Act of Union, the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the Anglo-Irish Agreement and the Belfast Agreement?2. What are the goals of the main political parties in Ireland?Chapter 8.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T or false (F. F 1.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachian Range hold one-thirdof the countrys continental territory.T 2.The climate in the United States can be cl