中考英语所给词的适当形式填空

1、word完美格式如何做用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空是中考常见的试题类型之一，旨在考查学生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力。解此类型的试题可遵循以下步骤：1.明确所给词的词性2.弄清所给句子的意思 3.确定 空白处所需的词性4.正确写出所填的词用所给词的适当形式填空主要考查以下词类：一.对名词的考查1 .考查名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(1) .名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(规则变化)错误！未找到引用源。一般情况下直接在单数名词之后加-s变为 复数名词。 例如：deskdesks, keykeys, monkeys monkeys, boyboys 等错误！未找到引用源。以-x

2、,-s,-ch,-sh, 结尾的单数名词变为复 数名词时，在单数名词之后加-es。例如：foxfoxes, bossbosses, busbuses,class classes,dress dresses,witness witnesses, addressaddresses,beachbeaches,coachcoaches,couchcouches,inch inches,s andwichsanwiches, church churches,watch watches,match matches,speech spee ches,witch witches,dish dishes,bru

3、sh brushes,goldfish goldfish, fish fishes, toothbrushtoothbrushes 等。错误！未找到引用源。以o结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，在单数名 词 之 后 加 -s 的 有：zoozoos,radio radios,photo photos,piano pianos,kilo k ilos, mango mangos,bamboo> bamboos,kangarookangaroos。tomatotomatoes, potato potatoes,加 -es 有 dodm dodoes/s, heroheroes。错误！未找到引用源

4、。时，先变 yfamily families,lady bodyf bodies,century dictionaries,factory以辅音字母+y结尾的单数名词变为复数名词为 i , 再加-es 。 例如ladies,baby bibies,copy copies,centuries,diary diaries,dictionaryfactories,library libaries,battery batteries, document、documentries,buddy buddies,ability abilities, country countries,butterfly b

5、utterflies,enemy enemies,me mory- memories,balcony balconies,laboratory laboratrories,beauty beauti es,charity charities,comedy comedies,industry industries, quallity quallities,reply replies,difficulty difficulties, theropy theropies, mystery mysteries, hobby hobbies,story stories,city cities,laund

6、ry laundries,activity activities 等。错误！未找到引用源。以f或fe结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，先变 f 或 fe 为 v ,再加-es。例如：half halves,knife knives,wife wives,leaf leaves,shelf shelves,herself themseves,scalf scalfs/scalves,wolf wolves 等。考例 1: 2005 年镇江市Look! There are some(bird) flying in the sky.分析：所给的词bird是可数名词的单数形式，根据主谓一致可知， 应填名词

7、的复数形式，bird的复数形式是birds ,因此应填birds. 考例 2： 2005 年泰州市Your present is in one of the . Can you guess? (box)分析：所给的词box是可数名词的单数形式，根据习惯表达 “one of the +可数名词复数”可知，应填名词的复数形式，box的复数形式是 boxes,因止匕应填 boxes。考例 3: 2004 年淮安市Newspaperreports say that somemore (country) have become E.U.(欧盟)members this year.分析：所给的词count

8、ry是可数名词的单数形式，根据主谓一致可知， 应用可数名词的复数形式，因此应填 countries。考例 4： 2003 年济南市The earthquake rocked the cities in the north of Algeria. Many people lost their. (life)分析：所给的词life是可数名词的单数形式，根据句意可知，应用 名词的复数形式，life的复数形式为lives ,因此应填lives 。(2).名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(不规则变化)foot feet,tooth teeth,child children,man men,woman>

9、women,policeman policemen,policewoman policewomen,Frenchman Frenchmen,snowma 廿 snowmen,businessmanbusinessmen,Englishman Englishmen,gentleman gentlemen, salesmansalesmen, mouse mice/mouses(鼠标)，sheep sheep,ChineseChinese,JapaneseJapanese,fish fish 等。考例 1: 2004 年无锡市It ' s good for us to brush our(

10、tooth) after meals.分析：所给的词tooth是可数名词的单数形式，根据句意可知，应用 名词的复数形式，而tooth的复数形式是不规则的，为teeth ,因此 应填teeth 。2 .考查名词的所有格考例 1: 2005 年泰州市Chocolate is usually favouritefood. (child)分析：所给的词child是可数名词的单数形式，根据句意“巧可力 是孩子们最喜爱的食物”可知，所填的词在句中作定语，应用复数名 词的所有格作定语，child的复数形式的所有格为children ' s,因 此应填 children ' s。考例 2： 2

11、005 年淮安市Tomorrowis (father) Day. What will you do for your dad?分析：所给的词father是可数名词的单数形式，根据句意可知，“父 亲节”为 Father' s Day,因此应填 Father' s。注意：母亲节为 Mother' s Day,妇女节为 Womans Day,儿童节为 Children ' s Day,教师节为 Teachers' Day。3 .考查名词转换成形容词名词转换成形容词有以下几种情况：.名 词 +y f 形 容 词 例 如：rain rainy,wind windy

12、,cloud cloudy,sunsunny,snowsnowy,fog foggy,mist misty,health healt hy,luck lucky,unluck unlucky,noise noisy,funfunny,thirstthirsty 等。(2) .名词+ful f形容词 例如：care careful, thankthankful,help helpful,use useful,wonder wonderful,colour-colourful,pain painful,success successful 等。(3) .名词+n形容词 例如：AmericaAmer

13、ican, Russia Russian, India Indian,Australia Australian,Canada Canadian,Italy Italian 等。(4) .名词 + ern 形容词 例如：east eastern,west western, north northern,south southern 等。(5) . 名词 +ous 形容词例如:danger dangerous,fame famous 等。注意：friend friendly,wool woolen,difference different, difficulty difficult,importa

14、nce important,pride proud, person personal,safety safe,confidence confident 等。考例 1: 2005 年镇江市What a(rain) day! Wehave to stay at home.分析：所给的词rain在此处应理解为名词，根据句意可知，所填的 词在句中作定语，修饰day,应用形容词，rain的形容词为rainy , 因此应填rainy 。考例 2： 2005 年徐州市Too muchhomeworkis really (pain) to students.分析：所给的词pain为名词，根据句意可知，所填的词

15、在句中作表 语，应用形容词，pain的形容词为painful ,即应填painful。4.考查名词变为副词successsuccessfully,care carefully,carecarelessly,health healthily,noise noisily 等。考例：2005 年泰州市They played so that they lost thefootball match. (care)分析：所给的词care在此处应理解为名词，根据句意可知，所填的 词在句中作状语，修饰played，应用副词，care的副词为carefully, 即应填 carefully 。二.对数词的考查1

16、 .考查基数词转换成序数词基数词变为序数词时，一般情况下在基数词之后加-th。例如：four 一 fourth但是，特殊的基数词变为序数词可用以下口诀来帮助记忆：一、二、 三单独记，八去t,九去e,五和十二记仔细，f来把ve替,ty变成tie , 后面再力口th。即： one first,two second,three third,eighteighth,nine ninth,five fifth,twelve twelfth,twenty -twentieth,thirty thirtiethforty fortiethfifty-fiftieth,sixty sixtieth,seven

17、ty seventieth,eightyeightieth,ninety ninetieth 等。考例 1: 2005 年镇江市The(eight) lesson is not so easyas the ninth lesson, I think.分析：所给的词eight为基数词，根据习惯表达“第八课”应用序数 词，eight的序数词为eighth,即应填eighth 。考例 2： 2005 年扬州市We willhave the celebration for thereturn of Hong Kong. (nine)分析：(略)应填ninth。考例 3: 2005 年泰州市The st

18、udents from America live on thefloor. (nine)分析：(略)应填ninth。考例 4: 2005 年徐州市Liu Xiang got the(one) in his competition of the 2004Olympic Games.分析：(略)应填first 。2 .考查分数词考例：2005 年淮安市Two(three) of the boys in myclass are in the school football team.分析：所给的词three是基数词，根据句意可知，本题是考查分数 词的表达，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。当分子大

19、于1时, 表示分母的序数词应用复数形式，因此应用three的序数词third的 复数形式thirds,即应填thirds。三.对代词的考查1 .考查人称代词主宾格之间的转换中考中不常出现。2 .考查物主代词之间的转换考例：2005 年宿迁市Yesterday I was doing some shopping inthe supermarket when I met a friend of(my).分析：所给的词my为形容词性物主代词，根据句意可知，应用名词 性物主代词作介词of的宾语，即应填my的名词性物主代词mine。3 .考查人称代词转换成自身代词考例 1 : 2005 年泰州市The

20、clever girl could teachEnglish when she was ten. (she)分析：所给白词she为人称代词主格，根据习惯表达teach oneself sth.可知，应用自身代词作宾语，即应填 she的自身代词herself 。 考例 2： 2005 年常州市Thanks to space satellites, the world_ (it) is becoming a much smaller place.分析：所给的词it为人称代词，根据句意可知，应用自身代词作主语的同位语，即应填it的自身代词itself 。4 .考查人称代词转换成物主代词考例 1: 2

21、005 年镇江市Myschoolbag is different from(he).Mine is newer.分析：所给的词he为人称代词主格，根据句意可知，应用名词性物 主代词作介词from的宾语，即应填his。考例 2： 2005 年扬州市Our way of learning English is a lotbetter than. (they)分析：(略)应填theirs 。考例 3: 2005 年淮安市(we) city, Huai ' an ,is ZhouEnlan' s hometown. We are proud of him.分析：(略)应填Our。考例

22、4： 2005 年徐州市This is my dictionary. Where is(you)?分析：(略)应填yours。四.对形容词的考查1 .考查形容词的比较级/最高级(1) .形容词比较级/最高级的规则变化错误！未找到引用源。一般单音节的形容词在词尾加-er/-est 例如:black blacker/est,bright brighter/est止匕夕卜还有：cheap, clear, clean, clever, cold, cool, dear, dark, deep,fast,few,full,great,green,hard,high,kind,light,long,low

23、,near,new ,old,poor,quick,quiet,rich,short,slow,small,steep,strong,sw eet,tall,thick,yellow,young, warm, weak 等。错误！未找到引用源。以字母e结尾的形容词，只须在词尾加-r/-st 。 例如：blue bluer/st,large larger/st止匕夕卜还有：able, huge, late, nice, fine, free,white, wide, simple, safe, strange, polite, purple等。错误！未找到引用源。以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，末尾只

24、有一个辅 音字母，要先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er/-est 。例如： big bigger/est,fat fatter/est止匕夕卜还有： dim, red, thin, sad, wet, hot, glad等。错误！未找到引用源。以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，先把y变为i,再加-er/-est 。例如：angry angrier/est, easy easier/est止匕夕卜还有：busy, happy, heavy, empty, noisy, lucky, hungry,dirty, early, ready, sunny, windy, lazy, tidy, healthy,

25、 rainy, snowy, dry, unhappy, unlucky, pretty 等。错误！未找到引用源。多音节形容词和部分双音节形容词以及由分词 转化来的形容词，须在词前加 more/most。例如：beautiful more/most beautiful,tired more/most tired止匕夕卜还有 ： careful, interesting,difficult, different,dangerous, expensive,famous, important, interested, helpful, modern, useful, wonderful, worri

26、ed, amazing, boring, serious等。错误！未找到引用源。有些形容词的比较级和最高级的构成，既可以在词为加-er/est ,又可以在词前加more/most。例如：clever,common, polite, quiet, peasant, simple 等。(2) .形容词比较级/最高级的不规则变化badworseworst good better bestmuch/man尸 more- most little less least考例 1: 2005 年镇江市Our team was much(strong) than theirs. We won the game

27、at last.分析：所给的词strong为形容词，根据句意可知，应用形容词 的比较级，即应填 strong 的比较级stronger 。考例 2： 2005 年扬州市The more exercise you take, theyou' ll be. (health)分析：(略)应填healthier 。考例 3: 2005 年泰州市Houses in somecities now are muchthan before. (expensive)分析：(略)应填 more expensive 。2 .考查形容词转换成副词形容词+lyf副词 bad badly,bright brigh

28、tly,certain 一 certainly,careful carefully,careless carelessly,clearclearly, clean cleanly,loud loudly,polite politely,quick - quickly,quiet quietly,real really,sad sadly,safe safely slow slowly,strong strongly,usual usually,wide widely, angry angrily,heavy heavily,easy easily,happy happily, silent s

29、ilently,lucky luckily,sudden suddenly,busybusily exact exactly,neat neatly,noisy noisily,successful - successfully,terrible terribly,true truly,等。注意：early early,fast fast,good well 等。考例：2005 年扬州市Be careful, or you won ' t work out the physics problem.(easy)分析：所给的词easy为形容词，根据句意可知，应用副词修饰动词 work ou

30、t ,因此应填 easy的副词easily 。3 .考查形容词转换成名词参见“名词转换为形容词”注意：ill illness foreignforeigner highheight truetruth考例：2005 年南京市When he saw the boy was in danger, Edison rushed out and carried him to _ (safe).分析：所给的词safe为形容词，根据句意可知，应用名词作介词 to的宾语，即应填safe的名词safety 。五.对副词的考查1 .考查副词的比较级/最高级(1) .副词比较级/最高级的规则变化错误！未找到引用源。

31、一般单音节的副词在词尾加-er/-est 例如:fast faster/est,hardharder/est,long longer/est,loud louder/est,high 7 higher/est,soon sonner/est注意：early earlier/est错误！未找到引用源。多音节副词和部分双音节副词，须在词前加more/most。例如：angrily more/most angrily止匕夕卜还有： quietly,quickly,sadly,slowly,widely,suddenly,happily,politly,clearly,often,carefully,

32、 carelessly,luckily 等。(2) .副词比较级/最高级的不规则变化well better best,badly worseworst,far fartherfurther/farthestfurthest考例:2005 年南京市Mike and I started to learn painting atthe same time, but now he can paint much(good) than I.分析：所给的词good为形容词，根据句意可知，应用副词的比较级， 即应填good的副词well的比较better 。2 .考查副词转换成形容词中考中不常出现。六.对动词

33、的考查1.考查动词转换成名词 动词转换成名词常见的有：(1) .动词+er名词work worker,teach teacher,keep keeper,paint painter, sell seller,speak speaker,wait waiter,clean cleaner, play player, surf surfer,sing singer,own owner 等。(2) . 动词+r7名词 managemanager,write writer,dance - dancer,dive diver drive driver,strike striker 等。注意：run ru

34、nner,swim swimmer,travel traveller,win winner, rob robber,cook cook 等。(3) . 动词+or7名词 visit visitor,invent inventor(4) .动词+(t)ion 7名词 invention,oprate opration,discuss 一 discussion,pollute pollution,(5) . 动词+ing7名词 park parking,meanmeaning,surf surfing,train training,shop shopping,meet meeting, turn

35、turning,cross crossing,begin beginning,build-building,clean cleaning,draw drawing,paint painting, swim- swimming,wash washing 等。注意：rob robbery,please pleasure, die death,think - thought,know knowledge,appear appearance,disappear 一 disappearance,dry drought,fly flight 等。考例 1: 2005 年南京市Some foreign (v

36、isit) from England came to our school last week.分析：所给的visit为动词，根据句意可知，应用名词作主语，即应填visit 的名词复数visitors.考例 2： 2005 年镇江市Paul is the best basketball (play) on school team.分析：(略)应填player。考例 3: 2005 年徐州市Wefeel sorry that Chen Yifei,a famous(paint), died when he was fifty-nine.分析：(略)应填painter。考例 4： 2005 年淮安市Every child has a dream. My life dreamis to be a pop(sing).分析：(略)应填singer。2.考查动词转换成形容词动词转换成形容词一般都是转换成其相应的形容词化的过去分词或 现在分词：