2014-2015第一学期《经贸英语》期末试卷A

1、緊 WS S题 号I总分得 分（适用班级：公选课）得分得 分铜陵学院2014-2015学年第一学期经贸英语考查试卷（A卷）I TranSIate the following EngIiSh terms into ChineSe and ChineSe terms into EngIiSh.(10 points, 1 POintS for each item)1.人均国内生产值 2.最惠国待遇3.Mercantilist assumption4.电子商务5.反倾销税6. Balance Sheet 7Unk bonds8.共同农业9.外国直接投瓷10.社会保障_H Read the follow

2、ing PaSSageS and then ChOOSethe best answer to each question. (75 points, 2.5 POintS for each item)PaSSageINEW TASTE FOR SPENDlNGSOUth KOrean WOrkerS have IOtS more money in their WalIetS after three years Of double-digit Wage inCreaSeS NOW they are Starting to SPendit. FrOrn the billio-dollar LOttO

3、n WOrId entertainment COmPIeX in SeOUl to CrOWded Car ShOWrOOmS in CitieS and jammed Parking IOtS at resort hotels, COnSUmer businesses are SUrging.The boom in COnSUmer SPending is buoying the economy in What has been a relatively SlUggiSh year. FirSt half GNP grew OnIy 6.5%, the SlOWeSt first-half

4、growth SinCe 1981. "The growth WaS Ied by PriVate COnSUmPtiOn, WhiCh WaS UP almost 10%,says ASSiStant Trade and Industry MiniSter Kim ChUl SoO. EXPOrtS SO far have been flatWhiIe exporters are moaning, manufacturers Can barely keep PaCe With the domestic demand SaleS Of COnSUmer durables, SUCh

5、as refrigerators, air COnClitiOners and VideO tape recorder have all been extremely StrOng.A drive through the increasingly CIOgged StreetS Of SeOUl brings home the Strength Of the COnSUmer boom CarS are backordered for months from SOUth Korea's Carmakers, WhO are StrUggIing to keep UP With dome

6、stic dema nd for the IateSt StatUS SymbOI: zzMy carz,. MOre tha n half a million new CarS are expected to be rolling along SOUth Korea's CrOWded roads this year, With gross domestic VehiCIe SaleS UP an estimated 60%SaIeS Of imported CarS are also growing quickly, though from a tiny base The KOre

7、a AUtOmObiIeS ASSOCiatiOn forecasts SaleS Of almost 1,500 foreign CarS this year. SinCe about One-third Of those CarS are BMWS and MerCedeS-Benzes, WhiCh Set the SOUth KOrean buyer back about US$100 OOO each after tariffs and taxes are paid, the locals' PenChant to flaunt their new WeaIth is eve

8、n more apparentOVeraII, COnSUmer-goods imports grew by One-third during the first half While CaPital-goods imports Were UP OnIy 15%The government"s IiberaliZatiOn PrOgram has been SO SUCCeSSfUl in CUtting the trade SUrPlUS that OffiCiaIS have begUn SUggeSting to the IOCal PreSS that they WjIl b

9、egin SIOWing down imports Of non-essential items, SUCh as COnSUmer goods, The Nationel ImPOrterS ASSOCiatiOn has asked itsagents to take Part in this CamPaign.SOUth KOreans are also Starting to take their holidays SeriOUsly. TWO years ago it WaS heretical for employees to take more than a few days a

10、nnual IeaVe NOW they are USing their full Week of, in SOme cases, two WeekS NeWSPaPerS and OPiniOn makers COntinue to decry extravagant COnSUmPtiOn. BUt their appeals to COnfUCien frugality Seem to be IOSing their punch. GOVernment OffiCiaIS are WOrried that SOUth KOreanS are embracing the COnSUmer

11、CUItUre With a bit too much gusto z,lf (COnSUmer SPending) accoUntS for OUr 7% growth, then the economy is headed for SeriOUS trouble/ SayS KOO BOhn YOhn Young, a PreSidential economic adviser, WhO WOrrieS about flat exports and Weak CaPital investmentLOnger term, Of course, KOO is COrreCt ThiS year

12、, however; higher COnSUmer SPending is a needed SPUr for a SlUggish by SOUth KOrean standards-ecOnOmy. The KOrea DeVelOPment InStitUte (KDl) CUt its growth estimates twice in 10 days during AUgUSt and now reckons the GNP WiIl grow 7.4% for the year. The inStitUte SayS COnSUmPtiOn expenditures WiIl r

13、ise 9.5% The SlOWer growth these years is good news for Seoul's anti-inflatiOn efforts KDl expects COnSUmer PriCeSz WhiCh rose 7.1% IaSt year, to increase a more moderate 6% this year. The government also ShOWS SignS Of easing its restrictive monetary POliCy Interest rates have edged down in rec

14、ent WeekSBy Mark CIifffOrdFAR EASTERN ECONOMIC REVlEW/ SEPTEMBER 14,1989Glossary:PenChant: a StrOng attraction.Flaunt: attract notice to OneSeIf in a SatiSfied way.HeretiCaI: COntrary to dominant belief.Decry: find fault with.Gusto: zest, eagernessLotto: a game PIayed for moneyComplex: a building CO

15、nSiSting Of many CIOSeIy related parts.Punch: effective POWerFrugality: With no WaSte11. The SOUth KOrean officials' StanCe in the CUrrent PriVateCOnSUmPtiOn boom is thatA) Higher COnSUmer SPenCling is necessary this year to StimUIate the relatively SlUggiSh economy.B) SPending SPree has been go

16、ing too far it ShOUId be restrictedC) In Order not to impair the in ternational balance Of PaymentSz the government ShOUld impose import restrictions.D) It is appropriate now to introduce retrenchment PrOgram to CUrb COnSUmer demand 12. The article inCliCateS that domestic Car SaleS are rising SharP

17、Iy inSOUth KOrea becauseA) PeOPIe have more money to SPend than a few years ego.B) FOreign CarS are making fast inroads On KOrean domestic markets, forcing domestic CarmakerS to CUt down PriCeSC) SOUth KOreanS believe that an infbtion is Pending and StOring a Car is on ideal Way to hedge PriCe incre

18、aseD) SOUth KOreans have more holidays than before.13. ACCOrding to KID,s forecasts, Korea's growth in 1989 isA) SlOWing down. B) UnCertain. C) extremely StrOng. D) flat.14. The article means to imply thatA) SOUth KOrea is Shifting from an export-oriented economy to a domestic demand-pull econom

19、y.B) Seoul's economic IiberaIiZatiOn PrOgram in the PaSt three years has been SO SUCCeSSfUl that it has StimUIated domestic dema nd.C) FaSt increase in COnSUmer SPending has CaUSed SeriOUS trouble tothe economy.D) SOUth KOrea CannOt main tain its economic growth if the PreSe nt extravagant COnSU

20、mPtiOn COntinUeS15. ACCOrding to the article, WhiCh Of the following facts is true?A) HOme-made CarS are in ShOrt SUPPIyB) MOSt Of the SOUth KOreanS CannOt afford to buy IUXUriOUS imported cars.C) HOme-made CarS are WithdraWn from the market.D) MOSt Of the SOUth KOreans believe that homemade CarS ar

21、e Of better quality.16. COntrary to the new taste for SPending in SOUth KOrea isA) the locals7 PenChant to flaunt their new WeaIthB) tightening Of the government's beltC) consumers' Preference to IOnger holidaysD) COnfUCian frugality17. ACCOrCling to Mark CliffOrd,A) high SPenCling is always

22、 good for SOUth Korea's economy.B) high COnSUmer SPending may CaUSe WOeS in SOUth Korea's economy in the future.C) higher SPending WiIl boost COnSUmer CUItUre the WOrld over.D) newspapers and OPiniOn makers are in favor Of high SPending.28. A ClnVe through the inCreaSingIy CIOgged StreetS Of

23、 SeOUl brings home the Strength Of the COnSUmer boom The Underlined Part means A) brings One to his home B) highlights the effect.C) gen eralizes the ben efits D) COn VinCeS One Of the impact.19. SOUth Koreans7 appeals to COnfUCian frugality Seem to be IOSingtheir punch. The WOrd ZPUnCh, means A) ef

24、fective force. B) Weight C) beat D) trend.20. SOUth KOreans are embracing the COnSUmer CUItUre With a bit toomuch gust O. The Sente nce implies that the SOUth KOreanS areA) giving a big hug to extravagant COnSUmPtiOn With Iittle affection.B) developing the COnSUmer CUItUre With a bit too much fun.C)

25、 enriching the COnSUmer CUItUre With PanStaking endeavorsD) accepting the COnSUmer CUltUre With a bit too much enjoyment.PaSSage2PESSMlSM WANES AS ECONOMV PICKS UPA mood Of economic OPtimiSm has Started to filter through EUrOPeThe new OPtimiSm COntraStS SharPly With the deep gloom that burdened the

26、COntinent years ago, When AmeriCan magazine NeWSWeek headlined a major story: ZzThe decline Of Europe, economic Stagnotion and POIitiCal malaise darken the future Of a OnCe PrOUd and POWerfUl continent/ Many ObSerVerS referred to ZzEUrOPeSSimiSm,NOW MiSChe Develle, Chief economist at BanqaUe ParibaS

27、 here, SPeakS Of zzEurodynamismZJ PaUl Horne, economist for Smith Barney, HarriS UPham 8 Co., here says, ZZEUrOpe,s not SO bad off/The OPtimiSm is not just the result Of increased economic activity though that is a factor. There is also a feeling here that EUrOPe has been gradually taking its more b

28、asic economic PrObIemz and that results are Starting to SUrfaCeMUCh Of the fashion able economic POliCieS Of the 1970s have been reversed Then many Of Europe's IeaderS Were PrOmOting a mass COnSUmPtiOn SOCietyz enlarging the Welfare state, StimUlating economic growth even if it meant more inflat

29、ion, and inStaIling more business and SOCial regulation. They Were advocating Or enacting the indexatiOn Of WageS against inflation.TOday these moves are regarded as elements Of EUrOPean weakness. FranCe and ItaIy for example, have Iimited indexation. There are movestoward more IabOr and Wage flexib

30、ility in most EUrOPean nations. Politicians, even in SOCiaIiSt France, OPenIy Say that business needs more PrOfitS a bigger Share Of the economic Pie -in Order that it Can inVeSt in job Creating VentUreS NeBrly all EUrOPean GOVernmentS have moved to restrain inflation 一With major SUCCeSS - at the Pr

31、iCe Of high Un employment FUrtheg most EUrOPean government have taken StePS to either Shrink their OWn SiZe Or at IeaSt half the growth in the POrtiOn Of the OUtPUt Of goods and SerViCeS absorbed by the StateStOCk market in VeStOrS say, brokerage house econo mist PaUl HOrnez have already recognized

32、the Change for the better in Europe- a more than $3 trillion market StOCk PriCeS have SOared to record highs in recent WeekS in Paris, Frankfur and ZUriCh ShareS in LOndOn are WeIl above their IeVel Ofa year ego.COrPOratiOnS are recording handsome inCreaSeS in earnings. They are SPenCIing SOme Of th

33、at money On modern equipment and, to IeSSer degree, On expansion Of CaPaCityAIthOUgh Mr. HOrne does not Claim that WeStern EUrOPe Can OVertake AmeriCan and JaPanese COmPetitiVeness, research, Or dynamism, he notes that "numerous EUrOPean governments are making PrOgreSS in dealing With PrObIemS

34、Iong COnSidereCl VirtUally hopeless and WhiCh Seemed to COndemn EUrOPe to a dismal failure,zMr. DeVeIle agrees AS evidence Of EUrOPean revival, he notes the UPWard thrust Of CaPital SPending and relatively modest increase in IabOr COStS in the EUrOPean COmmUnity (EC).''Restructuring Of the E

35、C,s OId industries is not complete, but SUbStantiel PrOgreSS has been made OVer the PaSt 10 years/' He SayS The EUrOPean Steel industry has ShrUnk ClramatiCaIly both in CaPaCity and in the SiZe Of its WOrk force; SOme Steel COmPanieS even had PrOfitS IaSt year. CaPaCity also has been SharPly tri

36、mmed in textile, ShiPbUilding，and Oilrefining.EmPIOyment in more COmPetitiVe industries has begun to grow, adds HOrne There has been a SUrge in the formation Of new COmPanies in Britainz WeSt German% the NetherIands, and Denmark BUt job CreatiOn has been far SIOWer here than in the U.S., ECOnOmists

37、say, Europe's job COUnt today is no higher than in 1970s The U.S economy has added 30 million jobs.Central banks in EUrOPe have moved, almost as a Unitz to CUrtail the growth Of money end thus iflation. By One broad measure Of money, known as M3, money growth has SIOWed in WeStern EUrOPe from 2.

38、5% in 1982 to 0.5% at the end Of the IaSt year. InflatiOnz running at a 10.6PerCent annual rate in EUrOPe during the decade 1971 to 1981, WaS Climbing at a 4.2 PerCent rate in the IaSt SiX monthsThe governments Of WeSt German% France, Britain, Belgium, Denmark, FinIancI, the NetherIands SPain and SW

39、eden have moved toward greater fiscal restraint. The average government deficit in the EC declined from 5.6 PerCent Of gross domestic PrOdUCt (GDP) in 1982 to 5.4 PerCent IaSt year.SUCh ChangeS reflect the POIitiCal ShiftS in EUrOPe. Margaret ThatcherzS COnSerVatiVe Party has been in POWer SinCe 197

40、9 In Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Center-right COalitiOnS took OVer in the years 1980-1982. ChanCeIlOr HeImUt Kohl's COnSerVatiVe -Iiberal COalitiOn accentuated the rightward Shift With his election in MarCh 1983.Even the IeaderS Of IeftWing governments in France, GreeCez SPain, and ItaIy

41、have moved to COnSerVatiVe economic POliCieS.ZZThere are Changes for the better in Europe, " COnClUdeS Mr. Horne, a free market enthusiast.ZZAIthOUgh the millennium is not here yet and much StrUCtUral rigidity remain to impede free markets, efforts are being made The POIitiCal Will for POSitiVe

42、 Change by most EUrOPean governments is StrOng and theirPOIiCieS are POinting in the right direction/721. ACCOrdjng to the articleA. economic SitUatiOn in EUrOPe is SOOthing NeWSWeek,s forecastB. economic SitUatiOn in EUrOPe is defying Newsweek's forecast.C. NeWSweek econo mists dort Iike to See

43、 a PrOUcl and POWerfUl EUrOPe D. NeWSWeek is trying to deny the better economic PrOSPeCt in EUrOPe 22. In the 1970s, many EUrOPean COUntries A. tried to fight inflation by Wage CUtSB. took deflatiOnary POliCieSC. tried to relate their economiesD. allowed more WeIfare in Order to CheCk inflation.23 T

44、he FrenCh governmentA. COnSiStS mainly Of ChriStian democratsB. is WOrking OUt more and more business and SOCial regulationsC. is allowing its economy to become freer than beforeD. is trying to Create new jobs through inflatiOnary policy.24. ACCOrding to the article A. most EUrOPean CoUntries have b

45、een trying to reduce the total OUtPUt Of goods end SerViCeS Of their economiesB. WeStern EUrOPe is going PriVateC. economic growth in most EUrOPean COUntrieS has either SIOWed Or StOPPed D. there is more government itervention in the economic activities in EUrOPe 25. ACCOrding to the article A. inVe

46、StOrS See a better investment ClimateB. inVeStOrS COmPlain StrOngly about high StOCk PriCeS in the major EUrOPean StOCk marketsC. investors are holding back On investment because StOCk PriCeS have SOared.D. NOW LOndon has a bigger Share than a year in its Weight Of StOCk trading in the EUrOPean StOC

47、k markets26. In EUrOPezA. Old industries are being rationalizedB. Steel industry has inCreaSeCl its PrOdUCtiOn these yearsC. ShiPbUilding is having a hard time because Of the UnheaIthy Steel industry.D. Old industries have made SUbSta ntiel PrOgreSS in their expansi on.27. WhiCh Of the following Sta

48、tementS is TRiJE?A. NOW AmeriCa has a Iarger IabOr force than the WhOIe Of EUrOPe.B AmeriCa has 30 milliOn more employed than EUrOPe.C. NOW UnemPIOyment has been better COntrOIIed because Of SUCCeSSfUl CheCk Of iflation.D. The impact Of economic expansion is being felt SlOWIy in the IabOr market.28.

49、 Central banks in EUrOPe A. are IeSS Stringent in their money SUPPIy than they did in the 1970s.B. are more CaUtiOUS With money SUPPIy than they Were in the 1970sC. have replaced their Old money With M2D. have been quite SUCCeSSfUl With their fiscal POliCy.29. Recent POIitiCal ShiftS in EUrOPe A. ar

50、e the result OfAmeriCan PreSSUreB are Only POSSible because Of the better economic SitUatiOnC. are POinting to the trend Of even freer marketsD. meen that these governments WOUIcl have more COntrOl OVer business in Order to have a SmOOther growth30. Mr. HOrne A. is rather CritiCal Ofthe FrenCh econo

51、mic POliCyB is rather doubtful about the future Of the COntinentC. SPeakS highly Ofthe 1970s,ecOnOmic POliCieS in EUrOPe.D. hopes that more efforts Will be made to eliminate business regulations PaSSage ThreeOne PhaSe Of business CyCle is the expansion PhaSe ThiS PhaSe is two-fold, COmPriSing recove

52、ry and prosperity. DUring the recovery PeriOd there is ever-growing expansion Of existing facilities, and new facilities for PrOdUC廿On are Created MOre businesses are Createcl and OIder OneS expanded IrnPrOVernents Of VariOUS kinds are made. There is an ever-increasing OPtimiSm about the future Of e

53、conomic growth Many materials are required. AS One Part Of the economy develops, Other PartS are affected FOr example, a great expansiOn in automobile PrOdUCtiOn results in an expansion Of the steel, glass, and rubber PrOdUCtiOn. MOre roads are also required, hence StimUlating PaVing and machinery i

54、ndustries. DemanCl for IabOr and materials results in greater PrOSPerity for WOrkerS and SUPPIierS Of raw materials, inClUding farmers ThiS inCreaSeS PUrChaSing POWer and the VOIUme Of goods bought and SOld ThUS PrOSPerity is CliffUSecl QmOng VariOUS Of the POPUIatiOn. ThiS PrOSPerity PeriOCl may CO

55、ntinue to rise WithOUt on apparent end However, a time COmeS When this PhaSe reaches a Peak and StOPS SPiraling UPWardS ThiS the end Of the expansion PhaSe31. WhiCh Of the following WOUId be the best title Of the passage?A. The LabOr FOrCe and RaW MateriaISB. The ReCOVery and PrOSPerity StageC. An E

56、XPanding SOCiety.D. The PeriOd Of GOOd TimeS32. PrOSPerity in One branch OfindustryA. reflects itself in many Other branchesB. affects the Steel industryC. WiIl end abruptlyD. Will help all POrtiOnS Of SOCiety except the farmers33. WhiCh Of the following WiIl PrObably be a good indicator Of a PeriOd

57、 Of expansion?A. Demand for more toysB EXPanSiOn in machine tools industry.C. POPUIatiOn growthD. DeCline in farming.34. During the PeriOCl Of prosperity, PeOPIe regard the futureA CaUtiOUSly B. PraCtiCalIy C. COnfidently D. doubtfully35. The WOrd " onesz, in Iine 4 refers to .A. facilities B.

58、factories C. improvements D. businessesPaSSage 4COrPOratiOn InCOmeTaXBUSi ness COrPOrati on, Iike individuals, must Pay taxes On their in come. In 1966 the COrPOratiOn income tax PrOVided 23 PerCent Of all government receipts. By 1983 the figure had dropped to 6.2 PerCentZ but by 1987 it CIimbecl to 10.2 PerCentThe COrPOratiOn inCOme tax Often CritiCiZed as double taxation. NOt Only must the COmPany Pay taxes On its profits, but individual SharehOlderS mus