营养与食品卫生学词汇英汉

1、英汉营养与食品卫生学词汇Vocabulary of Nutrition and Food Hygiene曹子鹏搜集整理王枫审校第四军医大学预防医学系营养与食品卫生学教研室2003、 12英汉营养与食品卫生学词汇Aacceptable daily intake (ADI) 每人每日容许摄入量acclimatization气候适应accumulate 蓄积acetylandromedol乙酰柽木醇毒acceptable risk level可接受的危险水平acid-forming food成酸性食品Achromobacterium无色菌属Act for preventing the adulter

2、ation of articlesex food and drink防止饮食品掺假法activator激活剂 ,活化剂actomyosin 肌凝蛋白acute toxicity test急性毒性试验additive action相加作用adipose tissue 脂肪组织administrative rule 行政规范adrenal cortical hormone肾上腺皮质激素adsorption 吸附 ,吸附作用aerobic repiration有氧呼吸aflatoxin黄曲霉毒素after-ripeness 后熟Agaricus伞草属Agrostemma githago L.麦仙翁a

3、lamine丙氨酸albumin白蛋白albuminuria 蛋白尿alcohol酒精alimentary codex食品法规Alkaligenes产碱杆菌属allowance供给量alpha-BHCa-六六六alpha hemolytic streptococcus 甲型溶血性链球菌Alternaria 交链孢霉 aluminum hydroxide 氢氧化铝 aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝Alzheimer's dementia 早老性痴呆 (阿耳茨海默痴呆 )Amanita muscaria毒蝇伞Amanita pantherina豹斑毒伞Amanita phalloi

4、des毒伞Amanita verna白毒伞Amanita virosa鳞柄白毒伞amaranth苋莱红amatoxins毒伞八肽类Ames test Ames试验 ,艾姆斯试验amino acid pattern氨基酸模式ammonia氨Amoeba阿米巴属 ,阿米巴原虫 ,变形虫属amphetamin chloride冰毒amygdalin苦杏仁甙amyl nitrite亚硝基异戊酯amylose 直链淀粉amylopectin支链淀粉anabolism合成代谢anaerobic respiration厌氧呼吸Andersens disease安德森病angular stomatitis口角

5、炎anion exchange resins阴离子交换树脂anisatin 毒八角亭antagonistic action拮抗作用anthraquinone蒽醌anti-cancer drugs抗癌药物antiketogenesis抗生酮作用antioxidant抗氧化剂antitrypsin抗胰蛋白酶anthropometry人体测量学apatite 磷灰石apparent digestibility表现消化率appetite 食欲apoferritin脱铁铁蛋白apolipoprotein载脂蛋白applied nutrition应用营养aquatic organism水生生物aquati

6、c product 水产品arachidonic acid花生四烯酸arcus senilis老年环arginine精氨酸arsenic砷Arthrinium节菱孢属Ascaris lumbricoides蛔虫Ascaris vermicularis蛲虫Ascomycetes子囊菌纲ascorbate 抗坏血酸盐ascorbic acid抗坏血酸Aspergillus曲霉属Aspergillus albicans白曲霉Aspergillus candidus亮白曲霉Aspergillus flavus黄曲霉Aspergillus fumigatus烟曲霉Aspergillus glaucus灰

7、绿曲霉Aspergillus nidulans构巢曲霉Aspergillus niger黑曲霉Aspergillus niveus霉白曲霉Aspergillus ochraceus赭曲霉Aspergillus parasiticus寄生曲霉Aspergillus restrictus局限曲霉Aspergillus terreus土曲霉Aspergillus ustus焦曲霉Aspergillus versicolor采色曲霉Aspergillus wentti温特曲霉atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化autophagy 自吞噬availability可利用率avidin抗生物素蛋白a

8、zide重氮化合物BBacillus anthracis炭疽杆菌Bacillus cereous蜡样芽胞杆菌Bacillus erysipelatos-suis猪丹毒杆菌Bacillus subtilis枯草杆菌Bacillus tuberculosis bovis 牛型结核杆菌 bacon 咸猪肉bacterial mutation test 细菌诱变试验 bacteriocidal substance 杀菌物质bacteriophage噬菌体balanced diet平衡膳食balance test 平衡实验Balantidium coli结肠小袋绦虫B.alcaligenes metal

9、caligenes粪产碱杆菌barley大麦basal metabolic rate,BMR基础代谢率basal metabolism基础代谢base-forming food成碱性食品Basidiomycetes担子菌纲bean curd 豆腐bean curd blade百叶bean sprout 豆芽beet甜菜beetle甲虫类benefit-risk analysis 利害分析benzimidazole 苯骈咪唑benz(a)anthracene (BA)苯并 (a)蒽benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)苯并 (a)芘benzylamine oxidase苄胺氧化酶berib

10、eri脚气病beta-BHC -六六六 -carotene - 胡萝卜素beta hemolytic streptococcus 乙型溶血性链球菌betanin甜菜苷BHC;1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane六六六bilirubin 胆红素biliverdin胆绿素bilobol 白果 (二 )酚bioconcentration生物富集 ,生物浓集biodeterioration生物危害bioenergetics 生物能量学biofeedback生物反馈biohazard生物危害biological concentration生物富集 ,生物浓集biologic

11、al expansion生物性膨胀 (罐头 )biological half-time生物半减期biological prevention生物防治biological value生物价 (生理价值 )biosynthesis生物合成biotin生物素biotransformation 生物转化 biotransport 生物转运bis(P-chlorophenyl)acetic acid pp'- 滴滴埃 1,l'-bis(P-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethanepp -滴滴滴1,l'-bis(P-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dich

12、loroethylenepp -滴滴伊1,1'-bis(P-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2trichloroethanepp滴滴涕Bitots spots(patches)结膜干燥 ,比托斑点bitter almond kernel苦杏仁bittern盐卤Biuron敌草隆bleach漂荡 ,预煮bleaching agent 漂白剂blindness盲 ,视觉缺失blood clam蚶body mass index,BMI体重指数botulin(botulismotoxin)肉毒菌毒素botulism肉毒中毒Bouin's solution 鲍音液Bovine Spo

13、nglform Encephalopathy,BSE疯牛病bran 糠branched chain amino acid 支链氨基酸breakdown分解breast milk母乳broad bean蚕豆bromethane 溴甲烷bromomethane； methyl bromide 溴甲烷brown rice糙米Brucella布氏杆菌属Brucelliasis布氏杆菌病B.subtilis test 桔草杆菌试验B.thermophilie flat sour嗜热性平酸苗butenolide丁烯酸内酯butylated hydroxyanisole丁基羟基茴香醚butylated hy

14、droxytoluene二丁基羟基甲苯B.welchii(B.perfringens)韦氏杆菌 (产气荚膜杆菌 )Ccachexia恶病质cadaverine尸胺cadmium镉cadmium carbonate碳酸镉cadmium chlorate氯酸镉cadmium hydroxide氢氧化镉cadmium nitrate硝酸镉cadmium sulfide硫化镉caffeine咖啡碱calciferol钙化醇calcitonin,CT降钙素calcium钙caloric quotient热能系数calorie 卡 (路里 )calorifacient生热的 ,产热的calorimeter

15、测热计 ,热量计calorimetry测热法Camplobacter fetussubsp.jejuni 胎儿弯曲菌空肠亚种Camplobacterjejuni空肠弯曲菌Candida假丝酵母 ,念珠菌属cannabidiol大麻二酚cannabinol大麻酚cannabis seed oil poisining 大麻子油中毒canned food罐头食品capsanthin辣椒红caramel酱色 ,焦糖carbamate氨基甲酸酯carbohydrate碳水化物carbonic anhydrase碳酸酐酶carcinogen致癌物carcinogenicity test致癌试验carith

16、amine红花黄色素carnitine肉毒碱casein酪蛋白cassava木薯catabolism分解代谢cation exchange resins阳离子交换树脂cell transformation test细胞转化试验cellulose纤维素ceramics陶瓷ceruloplasmin 血浆铜蓝蛋白 cesium 铯chemical expansion化学性膨胀 (罐头 )chemical engineering ,chemical industry,chemical technolog 化工 chemical pollution 化学污染chemical prevention化学防

17、治Chlorella小球藻属chlorinatedhydrocarbon,organochlorine氯化烃 ,有机氯chlorogenic acid绿原酸cholesterol胆固醇cholecal ciferol维生素 D 3,胆钙化醇choline esterase胆碱酯酶chromium铬chromosome染色体chromosome abberation染色体畸变chromosome aberration assay test 染色体畸变分析试齄chronic mercury poisoning 慢性汞中毒 chronic toxicity test 慢性毒性试验 chylomicr

18、on 乳糜微粒cigarette香烟Citreoviridin黄绿青霉素citrinin桔青霉素Cladosporium枝孢属clam蛤Clavus secalinus麦角Claviceps purpurea Tulasne麦角菌cleaner洗涤剂cleaning净化cleavage of phosphide ester linkage 磷酯键裂解cleft palate腭裂Clitocybe杯伞属Clostridium芽胞杆菌属Clostridium botulinum内毒杆菌Clostridium butylicum丁酸杆菌Clostridium perfringens产气荚膜杆菌coa

19、gulant凝固剂coagulase凝固酶cobalt 钴cobalt chloride氯化钻coffee咖啡colchicine秋水仙碱cold frozen冷冻cold press冷榨cold sterilization冷灭菌cold storage 冷藏coliform group大肠菌群colitap大肠菌快速检验纸片coli test大肠杆菌试验colliod胶体colloid system胶体系统colonization factor antigen,CFA定居因子抗原complementary action互补作用concentrated milk 浓缩奶concentratio

20、n factor浓集系数condensed milk炼乳congenitalmercury poisoning先天性汞中毒conglycinin伴大豆球蛋白conjunctival dryness结膜干燥contaminants in food食品污染物contaminants ofbiological origin生物性污染物contaminants ofchemical origin化学性污染物contaminants ofradioactiveorigin放射性污染物contamination污染control organ of food hygiene 食品卫生监督机构control

21、system of food hygiene 食品卫生监督制copper铜corn cockle seed麦仙翁籽corn soybean milk (CSM)玉米大豆乳coronary heart disease冠心病cowmilk牛乳Coxsackie virus柯沙奇病毒crayfish蝲蛄critical porion敏感期cumulative coefficient蓄积系数cumulative toxicity index蓄积毒性系数cumulative toxicity test 蓄积毒性试验 Curcuma longa 姜黄 curcumin 姜黄素 -cyanoalanine

22、-氰丙氨酸cyanogenetic glycoside plant poisoning 含氰甙植物中毒cyanogenetic glycoside含氰甙cyanomethemoglobin氰化正铁血红蛋白cycasin苏铁素cyclamate 环己氨基磺酸盐cyclic N-nitrosocompound环状 N- 亚硝基化台钧cyclochlorotine环氯素cysteine半胱氨酸cystine胱氨酸cytochrome 细胞色素cytochrome oxidase 细胞色素氧化酶Ddaily dietary allowance每日膳食供给量Datura stramonium L.蔓陀萝

23、day blindness昼盲(症)daylily黄花莱 ,金针莱21-day survival index21 天哺育成活率2,4-D;2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid2,4-D;2,4-二氯苯氧醋酸DDVP ； dichlorvos ； dichlorphos敌敌畏dealkylation脱烷基化作用deamination脱氨基作用Debaryomyces德巴利氏酵母属decimal reduction time (DRT)90%递减时间diarrhea腹泻difference between individuals个体差异delayed neurotoxici

24、ty迟发性神经毒作用delayedneurotoxicitytest 迟发神经毒性试验delta-BHC -六六六Demeton,systox内吸磷Density of energy热能密度Density of nutrient营养素密度dental plaque斑牙deoxyadenosylcobalamin腺苷钴胺酸Deoxynivalenol (DON)脱氧雪腐镰刀菌醇descendant子系体 ,后代Deuteromycetes (Imperfect fungi)半知茵纲(不完全菌纲 )dhurrin 蜀黍氰甙diabetes mellitus,DM糖尿病diabetic ketoac

25、idosis糖尿病酮症酸中毒diacetoxyscirpenol二醋酸熏草镰刀菌烯醇dialycerides甘油二脂Diazinon二嗪农dibenz(a,h)anthracene,DBA二苯并 (a,h)蒽dichloro-diphenyltrichloroethane;1,1,1-trichloro-2, 2-bis(P-chlorophenyl)ethan滴 滴 涕(DDT)dientamoeba fragilis 脆双核阿米巴diet 膳食 ,饮食dietary 食谱 ,饮食的dietary history饮食习惯dietary fiber膳食纤维dietary guidelines膳

26、食指南dietary recall膳食回顾dietary reference values,DRVs膳食参考量difference between species 种间差异digestibility消化率digestion 消化dihydrochalcone二氢查耳酮dihydronivalenone二氢雪腐烯酮dihydrosafrole二氢黄樟素1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol 1,25- 二羟维生素 D37,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene ；7,12-DMBA7,12-二甲基苯并 (a)蒽dioxin二噁英direct calorime

27、try 直接测热法 discrimination factor 差异系数 diterpene 双萜dithion畜虫磷diverticulosis憩室病DNA repair synthesis test DNA 修复合成试验domestic animal家畜dominant lethal test 显性致死试验 dopamine- - hydroxylase 多巴胺 - - 羟化酶dose-effect(dose-response) relationship 剂量效应 (反应 ) 关系drogs废渣dried bean curd豆腐干Drosophila melanogaster recess

28、ive lethal test 果蝇隐性致死试验Drosophila recessive lethal assay 果蝇隐性致死试验duodenum十二指肠dwarfism矮小 ,侏儒症dystrophic hyperkeratosis 营养不良性角化过度Eeating out出外用膳eating patterns饮食习惯Echinococcus granulosus细粒棘球绦虫ECHO virus埃柯病毒ecosystemic equipoise生态平衡edema水肿Edible microorganismus食用微生物elastin弹性蛋白elderly老年人elementary scho

29、ol小学Embadomonas intestinalis肠内滴虫emulsion 乳胶 ,乳浊剂 ,乳剂emulsoid乳胶体energy热能energy coefficient能量系数endemic arsenic poisoning地方性砷中毒endemic cretinism地方性克汀病endemic disease地方病endemic fluorine poisoning地方性氟中毒endopeptidase 肽链内切酶endosperm 胚乳energy requirment热能需要量Engel's index恩格尔指数enrichment强化 (食品 )enterogast

30、rone肠抑胃素enterogenous cyanosis肠原性青紫enteroinvasive E.Coli肠侵袭性大肠杆菌enteropathogenic E.Coli肠致病性大肠杆菌enterotoxigenic E.Coli肠产毒性大肠杆菌enterotoxin肠毒素epinephrine肾上腺素epiphysis松果体 ,骨骺epithollium上皮epoxide环氧化物12,13-epoxytrichothecenes12,13- 环氧单端孢霉烯族化合物ergocalciferol麦角骨化醇 ,维生素 D2ergometrine麦角新碱ergometrinine麦角异新碱ergo

31、t 麦角ergotamine麦角胺ergotism麦角中毒ergotoxine麦角毒Erwinia欧文菌属erythocytes红细胞erythroskyrin红天精Escherichia埃希菌属Esherichia coli 大肠杆菌essential amino acid必需氨基酸essential fatty acid必需脂肪酸esterification酯化 (作用 )estimated safe and adequate intake 安全适当的建议摄入量estrogen雌激素ethion乙硫磷ethnic人种的 ,人种学的Eumycetes真菌纲evaporated milk脱脂牛

32、奶FFacioletta ilocana伊族棘口吸虫fallout沉降灰FAO/WHOJoint CommitteeofAlimentaryCodex(CA-C)FAO/WHO食品卫生法规联合委员会farina面粉 ,淀粉Fasciola hepatica肝片吸虫Fasciolopsis姜片虫属Fasciols heterophyes异形吸虫fast-food快餐fat脂肪Fat-soluble vitamins脂溶性维生素fatty acid脂酸fecundation index受孕率Federal Radiation Council,FRC 美国联邦辐射委员会feeding test fo

33、r 90 days90 天喂养试验feeding test for 7 days7 天喂养试验Federal Food Drugs and Cosmetic Act联邦食品药品化妆品法 (美国 )Fenthion 倍疏磷 (百治屠 )fermented tea发酵茶Fermentive corn flour酵 (臭 )米面Fermentive corn flour intoxication酵(臭 )米面食物中毒fern 蕨类 (羊齿植物 )ferritin铁蛋白ferroxidase铁氧化酶fertilizer(化学 )肥料F-2 estrogenic mycotoxinF-2 雌性发情毒素F

34、etal Alcohol Syndrome,FAS胎儿酒精症候群fetus胎儿fiber纤维fibrin纤维蛋白fibrinogen纤维蛋白原finless eel蟮鱼fish 鱼 ,鱼类fishery渔业fishing ground渔场flatulence factor胃肠胀气因子Flavobacterium黄杆菌属Flavobacterum farinofermentans 酵米面黄杆茴flavonoid黄酮类化合物fluorene芴fluoride氟化物fluorine氟fluorosis氟中毒flour tortillas墨西哥薄饼fluid balance体液平衡fluoride氟化

35、物fluorosis氟中毒folacin叶酸folic acid叶酸food additive食品添加剂Food and Argriculture Organization,FAO 联合国粮农组织Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of U.S.美国食品与药物管理局food chain 食物链food colour食用色素food composition食物成分food contamination 食品污染food fortifier食品强化剂food grain other than wheat and rice 杂粮food hygiene食品卫生学foo

36、d hygiene law食品卫生法food hygienic quality detection食品卫生质量鉴定food origin disease 食源性疾病food poisoning食物中毒Food toxicology食品毒理学Food Safety Council of U.S.美国食品安全性协会food spoilage食品腐败变质food stamp食品券food storage食品贮存foot-and-mouth disease virus口蹄疫病毒fortification加强 ,强化fresh water crab河蟹fresh water fish淡水鱼fried b

37、ean curd油豆腐fruitarian 果食者full blood count全血计数fumigant 熏蒸剂fungi真菌fungicide杀菌剂fusarenon-X镰刀菌烯酮 -XFusarium镰刀菌属Fusarium equiseti木贼镰刀菌Fusarium graminearum禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium lateritium砖红镰刀菌Fusarlum moniliforme串株镰刀菌Fusarium nivale雪腐镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum尖孢镰刀菌Fusarlum poae梨孢镰刀菌Fusarlum roseum 粉红镰刀菌Fusarlum scripi

38、藤草镰刀菌Fusarium semitectum半裸镰刀菌Fusarinm solani茄病镰刀菌Fusarium sporotrichioides 拟枝孢镰刀菌Fusarium spp.镰刀菌Fusarium toxin镰刀菌毒素Fusarfum tricinctum三线镰刀菌Ggalactotransferase 半乳糖转移酶gamma-BHC -六六六gamma streptococcus丙型链球菌grain embryo谷胚 (芽)garlic 大蒜gastroenteric irritant胃肠刺激物gellyfish诲蜇gelsemine钩吻碱gene mutation基因突变ge

39、netically modified food,GMF转基因食品geo-chemical disease地球化学性疾病germination发芽Giardia lamblia贾兰第鞭毛虫Gibberella zeae玉米赤霉ginkgo biloba L.银杏 ,白果ginkgolic acid白果酸Glass can玻璃罐头glossitis 舌炎glucagon胰高血糖素glucogenesis 葡萄糖生成glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸glucose 葡萄糖glucosinolate芥子甙glutamic acid谷氨酸glucuronide葡糖苷酸glutathio

40、ne谷胱甘肽glycemic index血糖生成指数glycolysis糖酵解Gnathostoma spinigerum 棘聘口线虫 glutathione peroxdase 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 glutinous rice 糯米goitrogen致甲状腺肿因子Good Manufacture Practice (IMP) 良好生产工艺gossypol 棉酚grain, cereal谷类grain husk谷皮grain moth谷蠹grain peat大谷盗grain processing 粮食加工green food绿色食品grind碾磨grind into thick liquid磨

41、浆guaiac愈创木脂gustin味觉素Gymnopilus spectabi1is桔黄裸伞gypsum石膏Gyromitra esculenta鹿花蕈Gyromitrin鹿花蕈素HHafnia哈夫尼亚菌属hallucinogen幻觉原Halobacterium嗜盐杆菌属Halococcus嗜盐球菌属Hansenula汉逊酵母属harelip(cleft lip)唇裂heat-labile toxin,LT不耐热肠毒素heat-stable toxin,ST耐热肠毒素heavy metal重金属Heliotroplum lascocarpum毛果洋茉莉helminth 蠕虫hemaggluti

42、nin血细胞凝集素heme血红素hemicellulose半纤维素hemoglobin血红蛋白hemolytic toxin溶血毒素hemosiderin血铁黄素herbicide除草剂heroin 海洛因 ,吗啡Isoxazole derivativeIsospora hominislsothiocyanateshigh density lipoprotein高密度脂蛋白highdensitylipoproteincholesterin,HDL-C高密度脂蛋白胆固醇histamine组胺histidine组氨酸HT-2 toxinHT-2 毒素hydrazine肼 ,联氨hydrogenat

43、ion氢化作用hydrogen cyanide氢氰酸hydrolysis水解作用hydrometer(液体 )比重计hydrometry 液体比重测定法 hydroxyapatite 羟磷灰石hydroxycholecalciferol羟基胆固醇化钙 ,25-羟维生素 D3hydroxocobalamine羟钴胺素hydroxyergocalciferol羟基麦角钙化醇 ,25-羟维生素 D2Hymonolepis diminuta长膜壳绦虫hyperactivity 功能亢进的 hypercholesterolemia 高胆固醇血症hyperlipaemia 高脂蛋白血症 hypertens

44、ion 高血压 hypervitaminosis 维生素过多症hypocalcemia低钙血症IIbotenic acid鹅膏鼙氨酸Idiopathic hypogeusia自发性味觉减退Illicium anisatum L.山大茴 ,毒茴香 ,假茴香 ,次大料Implantation period着床期incidence of parturition妊娠率income elasticity 收入弹性index of nutritional quality (INQ)营养质量指数indicator of food hygiene quality食品卫生质量指标indigo carmine靛蓝

45、胭脂红indirect calorimetry间接测热法indole 吲哚 (靛基质 )Inocybe 丝盖伞属inodized salt碘盐insecticide杀虫剂inspector of food hygiene食品卫生监督员insulin胰岛素InternationalCommissiononRadiologicalProtection; ICRP国际放射防护委员会iodine碘iodin deficiency disorders碘缺乏病ionization theory 离子化学说 iron 铁islanditoxin岛青霉毒素isoleucine异亮氨酸isosafrole异黄樟素异硫氰酸酯人等胞子球虫异噁唑衍生物Jjoule焦耳junior food幼儿食品KKahagawa phenomenon神奈川现象kelp海带kerantin角蛋白ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸ketosis酮病kilocalorie千卡Kilojoule干焦Klebsiella克雷伯菌属Konwey's dis