上海大学研究生网络阅读题库总结(含答案)--补充练习

1、The work of the railroad pioneers in America became the basis for a great surge of railroad building halfway through the nineteenth century that linked the nation together as never before.he United States had already surpassed Great Britain in railroad construction, and particularly from the mid-186

2、0s, the late nineteenth century belonged to the railroads.1 The word stimulating in line 5 is closest in meaning motingd.influencing2 The word their in line 6 refers toa.railroad pioneersb.railroadsc.the interstate highway systemd.American society3 Which of the following ca

3、n be inferred from the passage?a.The United States regarded Great Britain as a competitor in developing the most efficient railroad systemb.Steam locomotive power was first used in 1832c.American businessmen saw railroads as a threat to established businessesd.Steam locomotives replaced horses becau

4、se of the distances across the country4 The author concludes that for the first decade or more, there was not yet a true railroad system becausea.passenger cars were not stable, comfortable or largeb.locomotives were not powerful enoughc.schedules were unreliable and wrecks were frequentd.lines were

5、 relatively short and not usually linked5 The word schedules in line 23 is closest in meaning to:a.safety proceduresb.employeesc.timetablesd.railroad tracks6 Which of the following is NOT true about the 1830s and 1840s (line 24a.passenger cars became largerb.schedules were reliablec.locomotives beca

6、me more powerfuld.tracks were heavier7 The word stable in line 26 is closest in meaning toa.fixedb.supportivec.reliabled.sound8 By what time had almost 3,000 miles of track been laid?a.1830b.1836c.1840d.mid-1860s9 The word surpassed in line 29 is closest in meaning toa.exceededb.beatenc.overtakend.e

7、qualed10 Where in the passage does the author outline the main conclusions about the importance of railroads in America?a.Lines 3-7b.Lines 14-18c.Lines 19-21d.Lines 29-3111 Why does the author include details about Great Britain in the passage?a.To compare developments in both the United States and

8、Great Britainb.To illustrate the competitiveness between the two countriesc.To show where Americans got their ideas and technology fromd.To provide a more complete historical contextThe Nobel Peace Prize is awarded annually and the first woman to win this prize was Baroness Bertha Felicie Sophie von

9、 Suttner in 1905. In fact, her work inspired thecreation of the Prize. The first American woman to win this prize was Jane Addams, in 1931. However, Addams is best known as the founder of Hull House.the Womens International League for Peace and Freedom. . Her reputation was gradually restored during

10、 the last years of her life. She died of cancer in 1935.12 With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned?a.The first award of the Nobel Peace Prize to an American womanb.A womans work for social reform and world peacec.The early development of Social Work in Americad.Contribut

11、ions of educated women to American society13 Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?a.the work of Baroness Bertha Felicie Sophie von Suttner was an inspiration to Jane Addamsb.Jane Addams is most famous for her opening of Hull Housec.those who lived near Hull House had very poor lit

12、eracy skillsd.Jane addams considered herself as a citizen of the world rather than of one particular country14 The word commitment in line 6 is closest in meaning toa.involvementb.obligationc.dedicationd.enthusiasm15 Jane Addams was inspired to open Hull House because:a.it gave educated women an opp

13、ortunity to use their education and develop careers in social workb.she traveled to Europe in the 1880sc.she visited Toynbee Halld.she was invited by a settlement house in Chicago16 The word their in line 15 refers toa.children of working mothersb.middle-class womenc.visiting nursesd.labor union mem

14、bers17 The word contemporaries in line 18 is closest in meaning toa.people of the same timeb.famous people still alivec.elected officialsd.people old enough to vote18 According to the passage, Jane Addams reputation was damaged when shea.allowed Hull House to become a meeting place for clubs and lab

15、or unionsb.joined in the movement for womens suffragec.became a founding member of the NAACPd.opposed Americas involvement in World War I19 Where in the passage does the author mention the services provided by Hull House?a.lines 5-10b.lines 10-15c.lines 15-20d.lines 20-25The medieval artists didnt k

16、now about perspective; they didnt want to make their people look like real, individual people in a real, individual scene. They wanted to show the truth, the eternal quality of their religious stories. So these artists didnt need to know about perspective.It is technically easy to give an illusion o

17、f depth. However, a strong two dimensional design is just as important as a feeling of depth, and perhaps more important.20 The passage mainly discussesa.the difference between medieval and Renaissance artb.how the technique of perspective influenced the modern artc.the discovery of the technique of

18、 perspectived.the contribution of Renaissance artists21 The word eternal in line 3 is closest in meaning toa.timelessb.infinitec.frequentd.constant22 According to the passage, which is the main concern for medieval artists?a.the individual person and his/her possessions and surroundingsb.real people

19、, real scenesc.eternal timeless truth of the earthd.themes of religious stories23 The discovery of perspective was the result ofa.Renaissance artists to prove that the medieval artists could show level of realityb.the need to turn an object at an angle and draw more than one side of itc.the subject

20、being shifted from religious stories to individual person and surroundings.d.natural evolution of human senses24 The word it in line 12 refers toa.the pictureb.perspectivec.angled.the object25 The word Grammar in line 13 is closest in meaning toa.constructionb.grammatical rulesc.rules and regulation

21、sd.tones and volume26 The authors purpose to give the example in line14-15 is toa.explain how perspective work in paintingb.support two-pointed perspectivec.illustrate that there are exceptions about perspectived.point out that the technique of perspective though seems so natural is an invented tech

22、nique27 The following artists priorities in style shift away from perspective excepta.Crivellib.Cezannec.Japanese artistsd.Brunelleschi28 The word Illusion in line 25 is closest in meaning toa.deceptionb.photographc.decorationd.illustration29 It can be inferred from the passage that Renaissance arti

23、stsa.embraced the medieval style of eternal truthb.needed to develop a new approach towards painting to show a new level of realityc.were inspired by vertical and horizontal surfaces in inventing the technique of perspectived.saw two dimensional design more important than a feeling of depthThere are

24、 two main hypotheses when it comes to explaining the emergence of modern humans. The Out of Africa theory holds that homo sapiens burst onto the scene as a new species around 150,000 to 200,000 years ago in Africa and subsequently replaced archaic humans such as the Neandertals.Meanwhile, the debate

25、 among paleoanthropologists continues , as supporters of the two hypotheses challenge the evidence and conclusions of each other.30 The passage primarily discusses which of the followinga.Evidence that supports the Out of Africa theoryb.Two hypotheses and some evidence on the human origins debatec.T

26、he difficulties in obtaining agreement among theorists on the human origins debated.That fossils remain very much a part of the human origins debate31 The word emergence in line 1 is closest in meaning toplexityb.developmentc.appearanced.decline32 The word proponents in line 6 is closet in meaning t

27、oa.expertsb.advocatesc.inspectorsd.historians33 All of the following are true excepta.three methods of gathering evidence are mentioned in the passageb.the multi-regional model goes back further in history.c.the Out of Africa model has had more support from scholarsd.DNA studies offer one of the bes

28、t ways in future to provide clear evidence.34 The word slim in line 14 is closest in meaning toa.smallb.narrowc.thind.difficult35 Which of the following is not truea.the vast majority of genetic studies have focused on living populationsb.early modern human skulls all support the same conclusionsc.b

29、oth hypotheses focus on Africa as a location for the new species.d.early modern Australian skulls have similarities to those from Indonesia.36 In line 18, the word their refers to which of the followinga.Middle Easterners and Africansb.skullsc.central Europeans and Australiansd.traits37 Which of the

30、 following is NOT true about the two hypothesesa.Both hypotheses regard Neandertals to be the predecessors of modern humansb.Genetic studies have supported both hypothesesc.Both hypotheses cite Africa as an originating location.d.One hypothesis dates the emergence of homo sapiens much earlier than t

31、he other.38 It can be inferred from the passage thata.there is likely to be an end to the debate in the near futureb.the debate will interest historians to take part inc.the debate is likely to be less important in futured.there is little likelihood that the debate will die down39 According to the p

32、assage, the multi-regional evolution model posits far more diverse roots for our kind becausea.Evidence from examinations of early modern human skulls has come from a number of different parts of the world.b.DNA from Neandertal appears to support multi-regionalismc.Populations in different regions w

33、ere linked through genetic and cultural exchanged.This has been supported by fossil evidenceAlthough management principles have been implemented since ancient times, most management scholars trace the beginning of modern management thought back to the early 1900s, beginning with the pioneering work

34、of Frederick Taylor (1856-1915. sions are considered: physical, psychological, social, cultural, and power.40. What is the passage primarily about?a.The limitations of pioneering studies in understanding human behaviorb.How time and motion studies were first developedc.The first applications of a sc

35、ientific approach to understanding human behaviord.The beginnings of modern management theory41. The word which in line 9 refers toa.scientific ductivityd.time and motion study42. It can be inferred from the first paragraph thata.workers welcomed the application of scienti

36、fic managementb.Talors philosophy is different from the industrial normsc.by the early 1900s science had reached a stage where it could be applied to the workplaced.workers were no longer exploited after the introduction of scientific management.43. The word prevailing in line 10 is closest in meani

37、ng toa.predominantb.broadly acceptedc.prevalentmon44. According to the passage, Frank Gilbreth discovered how workers could eliminate waste motion by a.using special tools such as cameras and clocks b.using stop watchesc.applying scientific management principlesd.watching his children do their chore

38、s45. The basic motions used in production jobs were given which one of following names by Frank Gilbreth? a.dimensions b.gilreths c.therbligs d.monitors46. According to the passage, the time it takes a skilled worker to perform the motion of a given job can be measured by using:a.stop watchesb.all 5

39、 work dimensionsc.special toolsd.therbligs47. The word motions in line 20 is closest in meaning toa.stop watchesb.habitsc.actionsd.special tools48. Where in the passage does the author comment that the principles of scientific management were often misunderstood?a.Lines 1-5b.Lines 6-10c.Lines 11-15d

40、.Lines 16-2049. The word dimensions in line 24 is closest in meaning toa.sizesb.extentsc.aspectsd.standards50. All of the following are true excepta.scientific management was concerned with productivity.b.the beginnings of modern management thought commenced in the 19th century.c.Frank Gilbreths fam

41、e was enhanced by two of his children writing a book.d.analyzing work to increase productivity is not likely to be useful unless all of the dimensions are considered.Passage AChina is wondrous and awe-inspiring. It has a history of five thousand years. It is the only continuous ancient civilization.

42、 Other ancient civilizations have changed, discontinued, withered or perished. Why is it so enduring?in Chinese mysticism, Confucian ethics and Taoist non-government.1. Which of the following is not true?A. Chinese civilization is the only one existing nowadays.B. Other civilizations have been chang

43、ed under the influence of China.C. Chinese civilization is good at escaping narrowly.D. Other civilizations have come to an end.2. The mysteries of Chinese Civilization are _.A. hard to predictB. easy to differentiateC. hardly understoodD. temporary3. Which of the following is not mentioned in the s

44、econd paragraph?A. discovery of the future by supernatural meansB. acupuncture treatmentC. massage therapyD. the two opposing principles in nature, the former negative and the latter positive4. Which of the following about Chinese Culture is wrong?A. abstruseB. abundantC. most important in the world

45、D. most perceivable5 The Chinese science and technology in pre-industrial _.A. had made a great contribution to the worldB. hasnt been acknowledged by the world nowC. had aroused the interests of a British scholar thenD had been the most advanced in the world thent1. China is proud of its richness i

46、n Buddhist masterpieces.f2. China has been more separated than united throughout the history.f3. Shan Hai Jing is a book about philosophy.t4 The variety and abundance of the Chinese culture is great treasure to the Chinese.t5 Many westerners solve tough problems in the light of Chinese culture.Passa

47、ge B Whether it is regular season, playoffs or the All-Star Game, you can take Tim Duncan to the bank. McGrady, you just throw it up to them, Iverson said.1. What does it mean that you can take Tim Duncan to the bank.A. you can trust Tim DuncanB. you can depend on Tim Duncan individuallyC. you can c

48、ount on Tim DuncanD. you can bet on Tim that he is going to win2. From the second paragraph, you can determine that:A. Duncan was the sole saver for the Western ConferenceB. Duncans effort was the only reason that Western Conference won the gameC. Duncan was definitely the star of the Western Confer

49、enceD. the lead had never been kept by a team until the last moment3. What would be called high-flying stuff?A. comedic momentsB. characteristic pointsC. MVP awardD. thunderous dunks4. The reason why Kidd tired to get out of the way wasA. He was afraid of ONeal.B. ONeal was too fast and strong, Kidd

50、 felt concern over his own healthC. ONeal had anti-lock brake systemD. Kidd didnt want to hurt ONeal5. How many un-MVP players scored in double figures in the game?A. sevenB. fourteenC. information is not included in the articleD. thirteen6. What cannot be concluded from this All-Star game?A. Wester

51、n Conference is betterB. IntenseC. EntertainingD. Dramatic7. What are not the most important statistics in the basketball game? (Read the whole article and determine. A. Rebounds B. points C. assists D. blocks8. Read the following sentences and decide which one is incorrect:A. Tim Duncan definitely

52、showed his moneys worth in the All-Star gameB. ONeal was shining in the gameC. Allen Iverson was his usual self in the gameD. Jamaal Magloire deserved to be selected in the All-StarThe ballad and the fork song have long been recognized as important keys to the thoughts and feelings of a people, but

53、the dime novel though sought by the collector and referred to in a general way by the social historian, is dismissed with a smile of amusement by almost everyone else.tabloids (小刊,小报, I fear that they would find these hair-raisers of an earlier age deadly dull.1 The principal intention of the author

54、 of a dime novel was to _.a.explore a segment of American society.b.Promote the American political philosophy.c.raise the level of intelligence of the great masses of people.d.make money.2 The lowest common denominator refers to _.a.the poorer classes.b.themes and attitudes that would be accepted by

55、 the greatest number of people.c.attitudes accepted by the American intellectuals.d.the character of the authors of the dime novel.3.Proletarian literature is _.a.written for and read by the great masses of people.b.distinguished by its devotion to pornography.c.distinguished by its elegant style.d.

56、written for, but not actually read by most people.4 The author believes that a study of our dime novels _a.is a waste of time.b.would be sufficient in itself to determine the essential characteristics of the American tradition.c.would be a valuable contribution in determining the essential character

57、istics of the American tradition.d.would be amusing but unimportant.5 Which of the following is implied in the passage?a.The attitudes of the masses of people are best expressed by sociology texts.b.The nearest thing we have had to a proletarian literature is the dime novel.c.The study of the formal literature alone will not enable the historian to understand the attitudes and interests of the