GrammarFocus

1、Section AGrammar Focus stick to depend on be down cheer sb. up have a happy ending try ones best solve problems遵守；坚持遵守；坚持 随随而定而定心情低落心情低落使某人提起精神；使某人使某人提起精神；使某人振奋振奋 有个美满的结局有个美满的结局尽某人全力；竭尽全能尽某人全力；竭尽全能解决问题；破解难题解决问题；破解难题Translate the phrases. seem less serious feel much better provide information plenty

2、of think too much too tired to do sth. shut off ones brain sit back in time once in a while看上去没那么严重看上去没那么严重感觉好多了感觉好多了 提供信息；提供资料提供信息；提供资料大量；充足大量；充足想太多；考虑许多想太多；考虑许多 太累而不能做太累而不能做 大脑不想事情大脑不想事情休息休息; 什么也不做什么也不做及时及时偶尔地；间或偶尔地；间或Enjoy a song Thats Why You Go Away.Baby wont you tell me why there is sadness in

3、 your eyesI dont wanna say goodbye to you Love is one big illusion I should try to forgetbut there is something left in my headYoure the one who set it up now youre the one to make it stopIm the one whos feeling lost right nowNow you want me to forget every little thing you saidbut there is somethin

4、g left in my headI wont forget the way youre kissing The feelings so strong were lasting for so longBut Im not the man your heart is missingThats why you go away I know What kind of music do you like?I like music that I can sing along with.Rosa likes music thats quiet and slow.I love singers who wri

5、te their own music.We prefer music that has great lyrics. What kind of movies do you like?I only like movies that are funny.I prefer movies that give me something to think about.I prefer movies that can cheer me up.Documentaries like March of the Penguins which provide plenty of information about a

6、certain subject can be interesting.I like to watch movies that are scary.定语从句在句中作定语定语从句在句中作定语, 用来修饰某个名词用来修饰某个名词或代词或代词, 这个名词或代词叫这个名词或代词叫先行词先行词, 而定语从而定语从句位于先行词的后面。句位于先行词的后面。用来引导定语从句的词叫做用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词关系词。关系词分关系代词关系词分关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)和关系副词和关系副词(when, where, why)。关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句

7、关系词引导定语从句关系词引导定语从句, 指代先行词指代先行词, 并在并在从句中作一定成分从句中作一定成分, 如作主语、宾语或如作主语、宾语或状语等。状语等。用来引导定语从句的关系代词有用来引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose。本单元我们重点讲解本单元我们重点讲解that, who和和which引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。 that引导的定语从句引导的定语从句that引导定语从句时引导定语从句时, 既可以指人既可以指人, 也可以也可以指物指物, 在从句中可以作主语或宾语。在从句中可以作主语或宾语。He is a person that does

8、what he says. (person是先行词是先行词, that在从句中作主语在从句中作主语) 他是一个说话算数的人。他是一个说话算数的人。The cat that I bought yesterday is ill. (cat是先行词是先行词, that在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语) 我昨天买的那只猫病了。我昨天买的那只猫病了。 who引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 who引导定语从句时只能指人引导定语从句时只能指人, 在从句中可在从句中可以作主语或宾语。以作主语或宾语。 A friend who helps you when you have trouble is a real fri

9、end. (friend是先行词是先行词, who在从句中作主语在从句中作主语) 在你有困难时帮助你的朋友才是真正的在你有困难时帮助你的朋友才是真正的朋友。朋友。 whom也可以引导定语从句也可以引导定语从句, 在从句中只在从句中只能作宾语能作宾语, 有时可以和有时可以和who互换互换, 但介词但介词后只能用后只能用whom, 不能用不能用who。 He is the man who / whom I have been looking for. = He is the man for whom I have been looking. 他就是我一直在找的人。他就是我一直在找的人。 which

10、引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 which引导定语从句时引导定语从句时, 只能指物只能指物, 在从句在从句中可以作主语或宾语。中可以作主语或宾语。I want to take away the book which you showed me yesterday. (book是先行词是先行词, which在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语) 我想带走你昨天给我看的那本书。我想带走你昨天给我看的那本书。注意注意:在由在由that, who和和which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句中中, 当它们在从句中作主语时当它们在从句中作主语时, 都不可以省都不可以省略；作宾语时略；作宾语时, 都可以省略。都可以省略

11、。介词后面只能用介词后面只能用which或或whom, 不能用不能用that或或who。 There are lots of things (that) I need to prepare before the trip. Do you know the girl who / that is singing in the classroom? This is the biggest fish (that) I have ever seen. It is the astronaut who is a lady.is a pilot.is Chinas first female astronaut

12、.Guess quickly It is the singer who is a girl.is from Hong Kong.makes face with a fish mouth.Guess quickly It is the basketball player who is a boy.is tall and handsome.lives in America.Guess quicklyDescribe one person in the classroom and let others guess who he / she is.Make conversations about th

13、ings you like or dislike.A: What kind of animal do you like?B: I like A: What kind of fruits do you like?B: I like A: What kind of fruits / food / animals do you dislike?B: I dislike . 用用that, who, which或或whom填空填空 Alice likes singers _ write their own music. 2. Generally, old people like music _ is

14、quiet and gentle. 3. The girl _ you met just now in the street is my friend. 4. This is the school in _ I studied two years ago. 5. The man with _ my father is talking over there is our head teacher. that / who that / which that / who / whom which whom II. 根据句意根据句意, 用正确的关系代词填空。用正确的关系代词填空。He is the m

15、an _ is ready to help others. 2. The girl _ I spoke to just now is my friend. 3. The dress _ you bought in the city mall is made of silk.4. Bill likes music _ he can sing along with. that / who that / who / whomthat / whichthat / which5. This is the village _ I used to live in.6. Women always like b

16、uying many things _ they dont need at all. 7. Im studying a subject _ I am very interested in.8. The girl with _ I went shopping yesterday is my cousin.that / whichthat / whichthat / whichwhom注意注意:关系词只能用关系词只能用that的情况的情况: a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时时, 只

17、能用只能用that,而不用而不用which。例如。例如: He was the first person that passed the exam. b. 被修饰的先行词为被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定等不定代词时代词时, 只能用只能用that, 而不用而不用which。例如。例如: Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? c. 先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, l

18、ittle, few 等词修饰时等词修饰时,只能用只能用that,而而不用不用which。例如。例如: This is the same bike that I lost.d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时先行词里同时含有人或物时, 只能用只能用that, 而不用而不用which。例如。例如: I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.e. 以以who或或which引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句, 为避免为避免重复重复, 只能用只能用that。例如。例如: Who is the girl th

19、at is crying? f. 主句是主句是there be 结构结构, 修饰主语的定语从修饰主语的定语从句用句用that, 而不用而不用which。例如。例如: There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 单项选择单项选择1. I like music _ great lyrics. A. that have B. that has C. who have D. who has2. They are talking about things and persons _ _ they saw there a few days ago. A

20、. who B. which C. that D. what BC3. This is the highest building _ Ive ever seen. A. which B. that C. what D. where4. I really didnt know anything _ happened to Jim yesterday. A. which B. whose C. when D. thatBD5. - Who is the man _ is standing over there? - Oh, he is my math teacher. A. who B. whom

21、 C. that D. which6. The building _ is over one hundred years old is very famous here. A. which B. what C. when D. whereCA【2011山东临沂山东临沂】24. Peter likes music _ is very loud and energetic. A. that B. who C. whom D. / 【解析解析】由句意由句意“彼得喜欢声音大而且有力彼得喜欢声音大而且有力量的音乐量的音乐”可知后句为定语从句。可知后句为定语从句。that 用来用来指人或物，指人或物，wh

22、o 用来指人，用来指人，which 用来指物。用来指物。先行词为物，在句中作主语，且不可省略，先行词为物，在句中作主语，且不可省略，用用that。A【2011株洲株洲】Gina loves singers _ write their own music. A. which B. who C. has worked【解析解析】本句意思为本句意思为“吉娜喜欢自己写音乐吉娜喜欢自己写音乐的歌手的歌手”，后面，后面write their own music 做定做定语修饰语修饰singer，而，而which一般引导事物，一般引导事物，who一般用于引导人，本题用于修饰一般用于引导人，本题用于修饰sin

23、ger是人，是人，因此空格处的关系代词为因此空格处的关系代词为who。B【2012广东广东】There will be a flower show in the park _ we visited last week. A. who B. when C. what D. which【2012广西玉林广西玉林】 Now many people smoke and get ill. So we should do something _ can help stop smoking. A. what B. who C. / D. that DD【2012 湖北黄石湖北黄石】I still remember the time _ we spent togeth