冠词a,anthe以及零冠词的用法及练习详解

1、冠词分为不定冠词（a, an ） ，定冠词（the） ，和零冠词。一不定冠词（a, an ）1. 指一类人或事，相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2. 第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you. 有个男孩在等你。3. 表示 “每一”相当于 every ， oneWe study eight hours a day.4. 表示“相同”相当于 the sameWe are nearly of an age.5. 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事That boy is rather a

2、Lei Feng. （活雷锋）6. 用于固定词组中a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7. 用于 quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8. 用于 so（as, too, how）+ 形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.9. 用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success（抽象名词）7a success（具体化）成功的人或

3、事a failure 失败的人或事a shame带来耻辱的人或事a pity 可惜或遗憾的事a must必需必备的东西a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识10. 与序数词连用，表示“又一，再一”。In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习另外一门外语。二定冠词（the）1. 表示某一类人或物In many places in China, _ bicycle is still _ popular means of tran

4、sportation.A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the2. 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3. 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door4. 用于演奏乐器play the violin, play the guitar5. 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded6. 表示“一家人”或“夫妇”（对比上文的不定冠词用法5） Could you tell m

5、e the way to Johnsons, please Sorry, we don t have Johnson here in the village.A. the; theB. the; aC. /; theD. the; /7. 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children.8. 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French9. 用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented

6、in China.10. 在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代in the 1990 s（ 二十世纪九十年代）11. 用于表示度量单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.12. 用于方位名词，身体部位名词He patted me on the shoulder.13. 与比较级和最高级连用比较级+ and +比较级表示“越来越”The harder he works, the happier he feels.表示两者间“较的一个”比较级前加the oWho is the older of the tow boys三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“ the

7、+最高级”的结构表示 这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.三零冠词1 .专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2 .名词前有 this, my, whose, some, no, each, every 等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this3 .季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring

8、4 .表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America.5 .表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前He likes playing football/chess.6 .与by连用表示交通方式的名词前We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of drivingacross continent.A. the; the B. 不填；the C. the; 不填D.不填；不填7 .以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day a

9、nd night8 .表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful animals.四.位置冠词一般放在名词之前，名词之前若有形容词，冠词放在形容词之前。下列情 况例外：等。1 .不定冠词用于下列副词加形容词之后：as, how, however, so, too如：He is as good a soldier as he was.他和以前一样是个好士兵。2 .不定冠词置于 such, what, many, not, too,much of 等之后。如：Many a little pickle makes a nickel.积少成多。3 .定冠词通常放在 all, both, d

10、ouble, exactly, just等词之后。如：I offered him double the amount , but he still refused.4 .不定冠词常用于quite和rather之后，但如果另有形容词修饰时，不定冠词 既可放在第二位，也可放在第一位，但最常见的仍是第二位。如：She is quite a woman.她真是个女人。It was quite/rather a cold day.很冷的一天(同 It was a quite/rather cold day.)5 .当名词前的比较级被 no, all , far , much等修饰时，也要后置。如：He

11、is no less a man than the President.6 .定冠词要放在half, twice, much 等之后。如：He paid twice the price for it.他花了两倍的钱买了它。7 .如果名词被副词 hardly , scarcely , barely , exactly 所修饰，或和一个形容词共同修饰时，冠词要放在上述副词之后、形容词之前。如： This is hardly a right thing to do.这几乎是不能做的事。练习1 .How about taking short break I want to make call.A. t

12、he; a B. a; the C. the; theD. a; a2 .Christmas is special holiday when whole family are supposedto get together.A. the; the B. a; aC. the; aD. a; the3.1 looked under bed and found books I lost last week.A. the; a B. the ; the C. 不填；the D. the; 不填1.1 like color of your skirt. It is good match for you

13、r blouse.A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the5 .George couldn ' t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was Sunday because everybody was at church.A. /; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a6 .Many people have come to realize that they should go on balanceddiet and make room in

14、their day for exercise.A. a; /B. the; a C. the; theD. /;a 7. 一 How about Christmas evening partyI should say it was success.A. a; aB. the; a C. a;不填D. the; 不填 8.We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continent.A. the; theB. 不填;the C. the;不填 D. 不填;不填 9.George couldn &#

15、39; t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was Sunday because everybody was at church.A./; theB. the; /C. a; /D./; a1. D 。 take a short break “休息一会儿”， make a call “打一个电话”。2. D 。 a special holiday 指“某一个特别的节日”； the whole family 为特指。3. B。此题中的the bed和the books都为特指。the bed指“所看的床” ；

16、the books 指“所丢的书”。4. C。 the color 指“你衬衫的颜色”； a good match 泛指“和你的外套相配的一种好颜色”。5. C 。 a Sunday 泛指某一个星期天；at church 为固定搭配，不用冠词，意为“在做礼拜”。6. A 。 a balanced diet 泛指“一种平衡的饮食”； make room 为固定搭配，意为“腾出空间”。7.B8.B。 by sea 意为“经海路”； by the sea 意为“在海边”；表示大陆、大洋等的名词前通常要加定冠词。9. C 。 a 泛指“某个”； at church 表示“做礼拜”， at the ch

17、urch 表示“在教堂” 。类似的词组：特别提示：当地点名词表示地点时，其前用定冠词；表示在这一地点所发生的活动时，其前不加冠词。如：He went to the bed and fetched me a magazinebefore he went to bed. 他睡觉前到床边给我拿了本杂志。2009 年sky unless wecreate less1 .（安徽卷）Wecan never expect bluerpolluted world.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD.the; the2 .（北京卷）The biggest whale is blue whale

18、, which grows to be about29 meters long the height of 9-story building.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; theD.the; a3.（江西卷）Somepeople fear thatair pollution may bring aboutchanges inweather around the world.A.不填;theB. the; 不填C. an; theD.the; a4.（海南卷）Let's go to cinema-that'll take your mind off thepro

19、blem forwhileA. the; theB. the;C. a; theD. a ; a5.（陕西卷）What pitythat you couldnbe there to receive prize!A. a; aB. the; aC. a; theD.the; the6.（四川卷）In order to findbetter job, he decided to studysecond foreign language.A. the; aB. a; aC. the; theD.a;the 7.I don' t understand what the engineer mea

20、ns, but I ' ve got roughidea of project plan.（浙江卷）A. the; aB.不填;theC. a ;the D 不填；a8.1. 辽宁卷）This area experienced heaviest rainfall in month of May.A 不填；a B a ; the C the ; the Dthea1. A. sky 和world原本是独一无二的，但这里前面都有了形容词修饰，表示会出现一个什么样的sky和world,这里就属于泛指了。2. B. the+名词表示类别，是指 blue whale 这一类动物；第二空用a表示泛

21、指。3. A. air pollution是抽象名词这里是泛指，weather这里是特指全球的气候，故用定冠词。4. B. go to the cinema表示具体的某地，for a while固定搭配，表示“一会儿”。5. C.固定句型 what a pity that ，用不定冠词 a;第二空后名词表示表特 指，用定冠词the 06. B第一空表示泛指；第二空用 a +序数词+ 名词表示又一，再一。7. C 8. C形容词的最高级用the ;第二空五月这个月表特指用the。2010 年1 .（北京卷）First impressions are the most lasting. After

22、 all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression.A. a; theB. the; theC. a; aD.the; a2 .（福建卷）It ' s good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai world expo that gives thempleasure.A.不填，aB. a,不填C. the ,aD. a,the3 .（江苏卷）The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that people

23、 from all walks of life are working hard for new Jiangsu.A.不填；aB.不填;theC. the; aD.the; the4 .（辽宁卷）There are over 58,000 rocky objects in space, about900 of which could fall down onto earth.A. the; theB.不填；theC. the; 不填D.a; the5 .（山东卷）If we sit near front of the bus, we' ll havebetter view.A.不填；t

24、heB.不填；aC. the; aD.the; the6 .（四川卷）In most countries, a university degree can give you flying start in life.A. the; aB. the; 不填 C. 不填；不填 D.不填 ; a7 .（ 浙江卷 ）Many lifestyle patterns do such _ great harm to health thatthey actually speed up_ weakening of the human body.A. a; 不填B. 不填 ; the不填 ; 不填8.（ 重 庆

25、卷 ）Everything comes with thing as free lunch in the world.A. a, aB. the, 不填C. a; theD.price; there is no suchC. the, 不填D. a,不填1. C 再有一次机会a second chance 给别人留下第一印象，make a firstimpression,2. B good feeling并非特指，故用a； pleasure 是抽象名词，无需冠词。3. A 来自社会各阶层的人不是特指, 不用冠词；Jiangsu 前有 new 故应加冠词a,表示一个全新的江苏。4. B in sp

26、ace 是固定短语，不用冠；earth 属于独一无二的事物，其前必须用the5. C “某空间内部白前部”时，front前要加定冠词the; have a good view 是习惯搭配，表示“视野开阔，视野良好”之意；6. D most countries 此处表泛指，most 前不加定冠词the. “一个高起点的开始” ，故用 a ,7. B对有害用短语“ do harm to "；之后的weakening是由动词的ing形表示抽象的名词，表达一种概念、状况时需要加上the 。8. D price 意思是 “代价” ， 为可数名词，第二空前边有no, 后面的名词不用冠词，2011

27、 年1. （新课标卷）It is generally accepted that boy must learn to standup and fight like man.A. a; aB. a; the C. the; the D. a;不填2. （大纲卷）As he reached front door, Jack saw strangesight.A. the; 不填B. a; the C.不填； a D.the; a【答案】D【解析】句意：当Jack 走到前门时，看到了一个奇怪的景象。the front door是特指 Jack 所走过去的门，a strange sight 是泛指，

28、相当于 a certain sight,起初次介绍的作用。因此选D。3. （山东卷）Take your time it s just short distance from hereto restaurant.A. 不填；theB. a; theC. the; aD. 不填； a【答案】B【解析】句意：别急从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。a short distance短距离，是固定搭配的短语； the restaurant 指双方都知道的餐馆，故用the 特指。选B。4. （江西卷）It s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 ye

29、ar. Right, he will also get paid by week.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; aD. a;a【答案】B【解析】前一句句意为：据说John 将会有一份年工资超过60000 美金的工作，表时间单位每年，冠词用a,后一句说没错，他也将会以每周支付的方式得到薪水。 by 后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词the 。5. （浙江卷）Experts think that recently discovered painting maybe Picasso.A. the ; 不填B. a ;theC. a; 不填D. the;a【答案】D【解析】句意：专

30、家认为，最近发现的油画可能是毕加索的作品。the painting特指最近发现的油画；a Picasso 意为 a Picasso s painting ，指毕加索的一件作品，有one的含义。6. （四川卷）Dr. Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, toldus, “fifth of pupils here go on to studyat Oxford andCambridge. ”A. 不填； A B. 不填； The C. the; The D. a; A【解析】句意：彼得斯宾塞博士一一这所学校的校长一一告诉我们，“这里五分之一的学生会到牛津

31、和剑桥继续深造。” 头衔、职位前通常不用冠词，所以第一空不用冠词；a fifth 表示“五分之一”，故答案为A。7. （陕西卷）As is known to all, People s Republic of China isbiggest developing country in the world.A. the ; 不填B.不填 ； the C. the ； theD. 不填；不填【答案】C【解析】句意：众所周知，中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。第一个定冠词the 用在表示国家的名词前；第二个定冠词the 用在有形容词最高级修饰的名词前。8. （重庆卷）In communicat

32、ion, a smile is usually strong sign ofa friendly and open attitude.A. the, 不 填B. a, anC. a, 不 填D. the, an【答案】C【解析】句意：在交流中，微笑通常是友好和态度开明的一种明显标志。第一空 a strong sign of 一个的标志， a 此处表泛指； friendly 和 open 共同修饰 attitude ，而 attitude 不可数，不需要冠词；故选C。1， A 句意：人们普遍认为男孩必须学会像男人那样勇敢地站起来去战斗。两个空都表示泛指，因此都填不定冠词a。1.The repor

33、t said that a bus went out of control on highwaysouth of the city are rushed into a river.A. the; theB. 不填; theC. the; 不填D.不填 ; 不填【答案】D【解析】go out of control是固定短语，意思是失去控制；south of 中的south 是方位副词，前面不需要使用冠词。当 south 用作名词时通常与介词一起使用，如 in the south of 。2.Because unemploymentis very high at present,it's

34、not easy fora fresh graduate to find satisfying jobas he wishes.A. the; 不填B. 不填; aC. an; aD.an; the【答案】B【解析】unemployment 是抽象名词，前面不用冠词。job 是可数名词，用不定冠词泛指“一个令人满意的工作”。3. 一 My flight was delayed because ofheavy rain. But you are just intime for the discussion.A. the; aB. a; theC. 不填 ; 不填D. the;不填【答案】D【解析

35、】引起我的航班延误应该是特指的一场大雨，所以第一空要用定冠词来限定， in time 及时，准时，固定短语。4.1 don t think the experiment is failure. At leas t we have gainedexperience for future success.A. 不填; theB. a; theC. a ; 不填D.不填 ; 不填【答案】C【解析】failure表示失败的概念为抽象名词，前面不可用不定冠词。表示失败的人或事情就成了可数名词，前面用不定冠词。experience 作经历讲为可数名词，作为经验讲为不可数名词。5.By nature, yo

36、u are an adventurer, full of amazement andcuriosity about world bigger thanlife itself.A. a; theB. the; theC. 不填 ; aD.the; 不填【答案】A【解析】get a toothache牙疼，是固定用法，而整个晚上(whole night) 是特指昨天晚上，因此应该使用定冠词。我昨天晚上牙疼得厉害，整晚没睡。8 .China is vast country which is hometo amazing varietyof landscapes ， plants and animal

37、s.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; anD. a;an【答案】D【解析】第一空表示“中国是一个样的国家”,是泛指的概念，因此填不定冠词；第二空是固定短语a variety of ，只是在variety 前面加上了形容词amazing 修饰它。9 . Anyone in mind for this position ？ What about Jack He may be a good friend, but business is business. He is not man for job.A. a; aB. the; theC. a; theD. the;a 【答案

38、】C【解析】第一空是泛指的概念，因此用不定冠词；第二空是特指这份工作，用 定冠词。10 .We all hold belief that those who have wonderfulsense of humor are more popular.A. the; aB. 不填 ; 不填C. the; 不填D. a;the 【答案】A【解析】句意：我们都认为那些有强烈幽默感的人更受欢迎。belief 后是同位语从句，第一空用the 表特指；第二空a sense of humor （幽默感 ）为常用搭配。11 .World Expo is regarded as the Olympic Game

39、s of the economy,science and technology, expert said.A. A; anB. The; anC. The; aD. A;the【解析】 第一空特指 “世博会”， 故用定冠词the ； 第二空泛指 “一个专家”， expert又是以元音音素开头，故用an。12 . I was told that 10： 15 flight would take us to Shanghai intime to reach Fudan University.A. the; 不填B. the; aC. a; theD.不填 ; the【答案】A【解析】句意：我被告知

40、 10 ： 15的航班将把我们送达上海，以便及时到达复旦大学。 根据句意可知第一空表特指，故用定冠词; 第二空后Fudan University 是以纯专有名词Fudan 开头的，要用零冠词。Fudan University 还可表达为“theuniversity of Fudan ”。13 .The students were studying in classroom when ， all ofsudden, the lights went out.A. 不填 ; 不填B. a; theC. the; aD. the;不填【答案】C【解析】句意：那些学生正在教室学习，这时突然灯灭了。根据题干中的thestudents 可知学生是特指的，由此可推知教室也应是特指的，故第一空用定冠词；all of a sudden 为固定习语，相当于 suddenly 0由此可见答案为 C项。14 .My mother asked meto repeat phone number second time so that she could