模块2unit3 单元语法过去完成时课件

1、Past Perfect Tense过去完成时过去完成时 Sarbrina他们一进入坟墓，卡特留在开罗的幸运鸟就被蛇吃了！他们一进入坟墓，卡特留在开罗的幸运鸟就被蛇吃了！Upon their entering the tomb, Carters lucky pet bird, which he _in Cairo, _by a snake.PresentPastCarter left his lucky pet bird in CairoCarters lucky pet bird was eaten by a snake.had left was swallowedPresentPast“W

2、e emptied the tomb of everything it contained,” said Carter. Carter said that they had emptied the tomb of everything it containedThey emptied the tomb of everything it contained.Carter said that they had emptied the tomb.The past perfect tense used in reported speech当警察赶到时，小偷早已经跑了。当警察赶到时，小偷早已经跑了。Wh

3、en the police arrived, the thieves had already run away.在老师进门前，我早就把小说藏起在老师进门前，我早就把小说藏起来了来了Before the teacher came in, I had hiden my novel.After I had hiden my novel, the teacher came in .有有两个动作两个动作都发生在过去都发生在过去先后先后发生发生先发生的用先发生的用过完过完后发的用后发的用过去过去这就是过去完成时这就是过去完成时过去完成过去完成时时1. 定义定义: 表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发表示过去某

4、一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是时间是“过去的过去过去的过去” 指定在另一个过去行动之前就已经完指定在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的一个事件。成了的一个事件。2. 基本结构基本结构: 主语主语+had+过去分词过去分词+其他其他.【用法用法】 1.过去完成时表示过去完成时表示：1)1)过去某一时刻或动作以前已完成的动过去某一时刻或动作以前已完成的动 作或存在的状态作或存在的状态2)2)过去一定时间内某动作或状态的持续过去一定时间内某动作或状态的持续 examples By the end of last year, I _for

5、 15 years.(teach) When I came back home, my favourite TV program _. (finish)had taughthad already finished过去某一时刻或动作以前已完成过去某一时刻或动作以前已完成的动的动 作或存在的状态作或存在的状态1.He said he _ (work)in that factory since 1949.2.He _(serve) in the army for ten years before he retired last year.had workedhad served表示过去某一时刻之前发

6、生的动作表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。等词连用。2. 语法的判定语法的判定: A.由由时间状语时间状语来判定来判定: 与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如：过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night.（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。如：过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two

7、 thousand English words by the end of last term.（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如：过去的时间点。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. B.由由“过去的过去过去的过去”来判定来判定: 动作先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的动作先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： （ 1 ）宾语从句中）宾语从句中 在在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的等动词

8、后的宾语从句宾语从句,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时且从句的动作先于主句的动作时. She said that she had seen the film before.（ 2 ）状语从句中）状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。后的要用一般过去时。 After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. （3）表示意向的动词，如）表示意向的动词，如ho

9、pe, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，等，用过去完成时表示用过去完成时表示原本原本，未能，未能 We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. 根据根据上、下文上、下文来判定来判定: I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadnt seen each other since he went to Beijing.解析：答案为B。那支我以为已经丢了的钢笔。在我的桌子上，就在我的鼻子底下。“丢笔”是在“认为”之前发生的动作。 The pen

10、I _ I _ is on my desk，right under my nose. A. think；lost B. thought；had lost C. think；had lost D. thought；have lost 3.一些特殊句型中过去完成时一些特殊句型中过去完成时(1). 主语主语hadhardly(scarcely)过去分词过去分词when (before)主语一般过去时。主语一般过去时。 主语主语hadno sooner过去分词过去分词than主语主语 一般过去时。一般过去时。 They had no sooner got home than it began to r

11、ain. 他们他们一一到家，天到家，天就就下起雨来。下起雨来。 _ got into the room，_ the telephone rang. A. He hardly had；then B. Hardly had he；when C. He had not；that D. Not had he；when 解析：解析： 正确答案为正确答案为B。当否定词。当否定词hardly，scarcely，no sooner放在句首时，主谓要倒装。放在句首时，主谓要倒装。 =u (2).It was时间时间since主语过去完成时主语过去完成时 It was the first(second.) tim

12、e+主语过主语过去完成时。去完成时。 They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I _ a good drink. A. had enjoyed B. was enjoying C. enjoyed D. had been enjoying It was the first time he had come to China.4.与一般过去时的区别与一般过去时的区别: (1). 时间状语不同：过去完成时在时时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调间上强调“过去的过去过去的

13、过去”；而一般过去；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。时只强调过去某一特定的时间。 比较：比较： They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. They arrived at the station at ten yesterday. (2). 在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。生的则用一般过去时。 She was very happy. H

14、er whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition. (3). 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或或 but 连接时，按时间顺序，只需用连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；一般过去时来代替过去完成时； He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.Practice 1. Tom was disapp

15、ointed that most of the guests _ when he _ at the party. A. left； had arrived B. left； arrivedC. had left； had arrived D. had left； arrived 2. We _ four thousand new words by the end of last year. A. had learned B. have learned C. learned D. will have learned 解析：解析： 正确答案为正确答案为D。guests先先“离开离开”，Tom后后“

16、到达到达”。 解析：解析： 根据根据by短语中的短语中的last year得知是到去年得知是到去年年末，正确选项为年末，正确选项为A2. Helen _ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _home. has left； comes B. left； had come C.had left； came D. had left； would come 3. He _his own lab by the time he was ten. 到十岁时，他已经建起了自己的实验室。 4. He _English for

17、five years before he came here. 来这儿之前，他已经学过五年英语了。 正确答案为正确答案为C。had to wait说明事情发生在过去，说明事情发生在过去，而而“忘带钥匙忘带钥匙”的动作发生在的动作发生在“等丈夫回家等丈夫回家”之前。之前。had already builthad studiedI _ at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.A.am B. has been C. had been D.was2. When Mark opened the door, he saw a woman standing there. He _ her before.A.never sawB. had never seenc. Never seesD. has never seenCB3. He told me that he _ a new book.A.writes B. wrote C.has written D.had written4. Spring_after winter.A. comes B. came C. had come D. has come5.Hurry up! The play _for ten minut