被动语态讲解采用版ppt说课讲解

1、被动语态讲解采用版ppt1.被动语态被动语态结构：结构：be + 过去分词过去分词(PP) + (by )2.主动变被动应注意的情况：主动变被动应注意的情况：1.把把来的来的提到前面作被动语态的提到前面作被动语态的2.把把动词动词变成变成“”;3.主动语态中的主动语态中的变为介词变为介词的的The boy broke the glass.The glass was broken by the boy.3.3.如何从主动语态变为被动语态？如何从主动语态变为被动语态？1.1.主语主语 介词介词by by 宾语宾语2.2.谓语谓语 be+ppbe+pp3.3.宾语宾语 主语主语时时 态态主动语态主动

2、语态被动语态被动语态1 一般现在时一般现在时do/doesam/is/are+过去分词过去分词2 一般过去时一般过去时didwas/were+过去分词过去分词3 一般将来时一般将来时shall/will+动词原形动词原形shall/will+be+过去分词过去分词4 过去将来时过去将来时would+动词原形动词原形would+be+过去分词过去分词5 现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are+v-ingam/is/are+being+过去分过去分词词6 过去进行时过去进行时was/were+v-ingwas/were+being+过去分过去分词词7 现在完成时现在完成时have/has+过去分词

3、过去分词have/has+been+过去分词过去分词8 过去完成时过去完成时had+过去分词过去分词had+been+过去分词过去分词9 含情态动词含情态动词情态动词情态动词+动词原形动词原形情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词10、动名词、动名词doingbeing done 11、不定式、不定式to doto be done注：注：1. 被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由第一个被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由第一个be动词动词 助动词助动词或情态动词或情态动词构成。构成。2. 人称和时态的变化体现在人称和时态的变化体现在be动词上，而过去分词在任动词上，而过去分词在任何时态中都不改变。何时态中都

4、不改变。5.被动语态举例被动语态举例 The Great Wall was built more than 2000 years old. A new bridge is being built across the Changjiang River. The project will (is going to) be finished next month. Many trees have been planted around the lake. Old people should be taken care of/looked after. Books cant be taken out

5、 of the library.7.Nobody likes being laughed at.8.Nobody likes to be laughed at.6.被动语态应注意的问题被动语态应注意的问题1. 可接双宾语的动词带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人人”提前做主语；将提前做主语；将“物物”提前则要在提前则要在“人人”的前的前面加面加to或或for.Eg: I gave him a book yesterday. - He was given a book (by me) yesterday.- A book was given to hi

6、m (by me) yesterday.2.带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语复合宾语ask/tell/allow/encourage/promisesb. ask/tell/allow/encourage/promisesb. to do sth.to do sth.结构结构：People should allow teenagers to choose their own clothes. Teenagers to choose their own clothes. They encourage us to plant more trees.We to plant more trees.

7、should be allowedare encouraged3、接动词原形做宾补的动词变被动语态、接动词原形做宾补的动词变被动语态使役动词使役动词(let, have, make等)或感官动词或感官动词(see, hear, watch,等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式省略在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式省略toto，改为被动语态时一定要补上改为被动语态时一定要补上toto。(记忆口诀：“使感动词使感动词”真奇怪，真奇怪，toto在句中像妖怪，主在句中像妖怪，主动语态动语态toto走开，被动语态走开，被动语态toto回来。回来。”) ) I heard him sing in the nex

8、t room. -He sing in the next room. They made us do all kinds of work. -We do all kinds of work.注注：当使用当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sthsee/hear/watch sb doing sth时，变为被动时，变为被动语态时，语态时，doingdoing不变。如：不变。如：I saw him going into the shop.(主动主动)He was seen going into the shop.(被动被动) was heard towere made to4、宾

9、语从句宾语从句 汉语中含有汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有人说有人说”、“大家大家说说”等常见的宾语从句句型。等常见的宾语从句句型。 Its said/ reported/believed/ that据说/报道/认为 Its suggested that有人建议 Its well known that众所周知 Its hoped that人们希望。 eg: It was reported that it rained heavily in the south of China.据报道5、没有被动语态的动词和词组、没有被动语态的动词和词组1.不及物动词如happen appear be

10、long to;take place;break out等无被动语态A traffic accident _(happen) just now.2.连系动词无被动语态，如feel smell look sound taste等。Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful3.表状态的动词无被动语态，如have own fit.I have a bike.4.wash, write, sell, wear此动词表示事物的自然此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，属性的时候，不用被动语态不用被动语态,常用常用副词 well, easily修饰。 The book sells well

11、 . ( 这本书销路很好) This dress washes easily . ( 这衣服较好洗) The pen writes smoothly.（这支钢笔写起来很流畅） 5.need, demand, want(需要）, require, be worth等后用动名词表被动。 The desk needs repairing. The novel is worth seeing.注意：need后可接动名词表被动，又可接动词不定式的被动形式。：The desk needs repairing.The desk needs to be repaired.【2013江苏常州江苏常州】This

12、listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _ well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold【解析解析】某些可以和某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等等副词连用的不及物动词如副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等等, 且主语是且主语是非生命的名词或代词非生命的名词或代词, 用主动结构表被动含义。用主动结构表被动含义。本句的主语为本句的主语为This listening material为

13、第三人为第三人称单数称单数; sell well意为意为“畅销畅销”。句意为。句意为“这这个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。”故选故选A。【2013河南河南】 Excuse me. Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself. Sorry. The book you ask for_ out. A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold【解析解析】主语主语the book和动词和动词sell构成被动关构成被动关系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一般现在系，又时态为一般现在

14、时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。答语句意时的被动语态。答语句意“对不起，你要的对不起，你要的书已售完书已售完”。故选。故选B。【2013广西南宁广西南宁】 Han Hans books are popular. They _ by many teenagers. A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read【解析解析】由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用一般现在时；主语一般现在时；主语they是复数形式，故答案是复数形式，故答案选选C项。项。【2013湖北宜昌湖北宜昌】 At present, one of the be

15、st ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering 【解析解析】句子大意为句子大意为“小组学习为学生提供小组学习为学生提供了更多相互学习的机会了更多相互学习的机会”。“机会机会”和和“提提供供”之间存在被动关系，须用被动语态。四之间存在被动关系，须用被动语态。四个选项中，只有个选项中，只有are offered为被动语态。故选为被动语态。故选B。【201

16、3湖北襄阳湖北襄阳】 Didnt you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right? Sorry, I didnt. But now I know parking _ here. A. wasnt allowed B. isnt allowed C. wont allow D. doesnt allow【解析解析】由上句中的由上句中的“No Parking!”可知，可知，停车不被允许，根据时间状语停车不被允许，根据时间状语now可知，考可知，考察一般现在时态的被动语态，故选察一般现在时态的被动语态，故选B。【2013广东梅州广东梅州】The child w

17、ithout parents _ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes 【解析解析】主语主语the child与动词短语与动词短语take care of之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选语态。故选A。【2013浙江宁波浙江宁波】 Have you finished your project? Not yet. Ill finish it if I _ ten more minutes. A. g

18、ive B. am given C. will give D. will be given【解析解析】句意句意“如果再给我十分钟我会完成如果再给我十分钟我会完成它它”，主语与动词，主语与动词give之间是被动关系，在之间是被动关系，在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选B。【2013湖北黄石湖北黄石】This pair of shoes _ hand, and it _ very comfortable. A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels【解析解析】句意句意: “这双鞋是由手工制成的，它这双鞋是由手工制成的，它感觉起来很舒服感觉起来很舒服”, 主语主语this pair of shoes不能不能执行谓语动词执行谓语动词make, 故用被动语态故用被动语态, 且主语为且主语为第三人称单数形式第三人称单数形式, 用用is made by的被动结构的被动结构; feel为连系动词为连系动词, 不能用被动语态，故选不能用被动语态，故选D。六、六、Exe