语法填空专题训练谓语和非谓语动词PPT课件

1、 2010-2014广东卷动词考点Post-task：我爱广东卷20102011201220132014第1页/共56页总结20102011201220132014presented谓语sit / sitting非谓语wearing非谓语found谓语were told谓语saying非谓语was pretending谓语had bought谓语thinking非谓语第2页/共56页1 谓语动词高三英语总复习 语法填空专题训练课件：第3页/共56页 谓语动词的时态和语态是广东高考语法填空中的必考点每年至少考1题。究竟考些什么内容？现将考点简述如下： 时态 时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作

2、发 生的时间和所处的状态。英语中的时态是通过动 词形式本身的变化来实现的。英语中常用的时态1.有16种，但高考考试说明中规定要掌握的有10种： 第4页/共56页10种时态种时态 构成构成(以以do为例为例) 主要用法主要用法 一般现在时一般现在时 经常性或习惯性动作，客观经常性或习惯性动作，客观事实，现在的状态事实，现在的状态 一般过去时一般过去时 在过去某个时间里所发生的在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态动作或存在的状态 一般将来时一般将来时 在将来某一时刻要发生的动在将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态作或存在的状态 过去将来时过去将来时 在过去某一时刻看来将要发在过去某一时刻看来将

3、要发生的动作或存在的状态生的动作或存在的状态 do/doesdidwillshall dowould do第5页/共56页现在进行时现在进行时 表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作 过去进行时过去进行时 表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作作 将来进行时将来进行时 表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作 现在完成时现在完成时 表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态持续到现在的动作或状态 过去完成时过去完成

4、时 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动词，即发生或完成的动词，即“过去的过去过去的过去” 现在完成进现在完成进行时行时 表示一个从过去就开始一直延续到现表示一个从过去就开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去的动作在并有可能继续下去的动作 am/is/are doingwaswere doingwillshall be doinghavehas donehad donehashave been doing第6页/共56页注：(1)表示将来还有多种形式，如：“be going to do ”; “be to do ”; “ be about to do”等。

5、在飞机、火车等时刻表中规定的事情，或在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来；表示计划好的活动，还常用现在进行时表示。(2)现在进行时与always，continually，constantly等连用，表示说话人的某种情感，如赞扬，遗憾，讨厌或不满等。如：He is always helping others.他总是帮助别人。(赞扬)第7页/共56页2. 语态A: 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。B: 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。C: 被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成，不同时态的被动语态的形式由be来体现，如一般过去时的被动语态就是“was/wer

6、e+过去分词”，一般将来时的被动语态就是“will be +过去分词”。 常见时态的被动语态见下页第8页/共56页常用时态常用时态 主动主动(以以do为例为例) 被动被动 (以以do为例为例) 一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 一般将来时一般将来时 过去将来时过去将来时 do/doesdidwillshall dowould doamis are donewaswere donewillshall be donewould be done现在进行时现在进行时 isare doing 过去进行时过去进行时 waswere doingamisare being donewaswere b

7、eing done 现在完成时现在完成时 havehas done过去完成时过去完成时had donehavehas been donehad been done第9页/共56页Exercise 1: 慧眼识别“时态”和“语态”1 Many buildings in the city need repairing. 2 Electricity is used to run machines. 3 The construction of the new lab will be completed by the end of next month. 4 The truck was cleaned

8、yesterday.5 People dont play football here.6 I was about to leave when he came in.7 All the work had been finished before last weekend.8 I will be doing my research between 7:00-9:00 tomorrow morning. 9 What did you buy yesterday?10 When will you go there to take a photo?11 The great news is so exci

9、ting that I cant help shouting.现在，主动现在，被动将来，被动过去，被动现在，主动过去，主动过去完成，被动将来进行，主动过去，主动将来，主动现在，主动第10页/共56页Exercise 2: 用所谓动词的正确形式填空1. If their marketing plans succeed, they _ (increase) their sales by 20 percent. 2. Population experts predict that most people _ (live) in cities in the near future. 3. I call

10、ed Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ (talk) on the phone all the time! . 4. The hotel wasnt particularly good. But I _ (stay) in many worse hotels . 5. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we _ (know) each other for years. will inc

11、reasewill livewas talkinghad stayedhad known第11页/共56页Exercise 2: 用所谓动词的正确形式填空6. Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. Because he _ (prepare) for it for months. . 7. Every boy and girl in the area _ (invite) to participate in the party last night. 8. It was raining cats and dogs when

12、I _ (arrive). 9. He said the project _ (finish) the next day . 10. Hardly had I turned on the TV when it _ (begin) to thunder loudly. 11. He _ (work) on the program for several days.has been preparing has preparedwere invitedarrivedwould be finishedbegan has been working第12页/共56页12. Suddenly, he_ (f

13、ind) that he had run out of salt. 13. He walked in as if he _ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City. York City. 14. I noticed a man sitting at the front. He_ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.1 5 . A f t e r a f o u r- d a y j o u r

14、n e y, t h e y o u n g man_ (present) the water to the old man. 16. People stepped on your feet or_ (push) you with their elbows (肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. 17. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary to our intention.foundhad boughtwas pretendingpre

15、sentedpushedresults第13页/共56页2 非谓语高三英语总复习 语法填空专题训练课件：第14页/共56页 非谓语动词几乎是语法填空的必考考点。不仅如此，掌握非谓语动词的基本用法，对增强书面表达的文采和提高阅读理解能力都有明显的作用。 首先，我们回顾一下非谓语动词的相关知识：第15页/共56页一、一、定义非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的的动词。动词。 二、内容二、内容非谓语动词包括三种：非谓语动词包括三种：doing, done, to do 三、形式（见下表）三、形式（见下表） 四、功能（见下表）四、功能（见下表）

16、第16页/共56页 非谓非谓语动词语动词 一般式一般式完成式完成式 一般式一般式完成式完成式动词不定式V-edto be doneto have been done being done having been done及物动词的过去分词既表示被动又表示动作已完成, 个别动词的过去分词只表示完成(多数为不及物动词)主动形式被动形式to doto have donedoinghaving done不定式除一般式、完成式以外还有_进行式V-ing第17页/共56页主语主语宾语宾语表语表语定语定语状语状语宾补宾补V-ing 不定式不定式V-ed第18页/共56页1.非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语

17、、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等. 1.To finish the work is impossible. 2.I want to see you. 3.I want him to see you. 4.My hope is to see you. 5.He is the man to see you. 6.Im glad to see you. 7.I went to see you.（作主语）(作宾语）（作宾补）(作表语）（作定语）（作目的状语）（作原因状语）第19页/共56页v1.Swimming is his favorite sport. v2.He enjoys swimming.

18、 v3.I found him swimming in the river. v4.His favorite sport is swimming.v5.He is the man swimming in the river just now. v6. Swimming in Summer ,we can get cool.第20页/共56页 1.This cup is broken. 2.This is a broken cup. 3.I found the cup broken. 4.Broken by Tom, the cup cant be used. 过去分词一般不作主语、宾语.第21

19、页/共56页考点1：作主语 表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用-ing； 表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用to do 。 _ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 2. Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use _(argue) with him.3_(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed. Walking arguing Speaking 第22页/共56

20、页考点2：作表语(1) 动名词和不定式作表语说明主语的具体内容。(2)分词作表语则说明主语的性质，像puzzling, surprising, exciting等-ing分词表示“令人的(事物)”；像puzzled, surprised, excited等-ed分词表示“(人)感到的”。 What he said was _, so I feel _ (confuse).(1) It is so _ (amaze) to see such a _ (disappoint) result.confusing confused amazing disappointing 第23页/共56页考点3：

21、作宾语(1)有些动词只能用不定式作宾语。如refuse, expect, promise, decide, offer, pretend等。(类似动词和短语动词还有哪些？请补上)(2)有些动词只能用动名词作宾语。如：keep, allow, finish, enjoy, mind, practice, avoid, admit, advise, consider, imagine, appreciate, escape, suggest等。(类似动词和短语动词还有哪些？请补上)(3) 在表示“需要”的need, want, deserve和require等后用-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义

22、，也可用不定式的被动式。 第24页/共56页 .下列动词常用不定式作宾语： aim, ask, dare, appear, arrange, demand, help, pay, hesitate, plan, wait, fail, seek, prepare, happen, mean, prove, expect, wish, hope, decide, refuse, offer, learn, agree, choose, promise, pretend, manage, care, determine, afford等。 如：He offered to help us . I d

23、idnt expect to find you here They refused to accept his invitation The little boy pretended to be asleep when his mother came in第25页/共56页(2)下列动词通常用ing形式作宾语： admit, report, appreciate, deny, explain, mention, resist, stand, stop, imagine, recall, suggest, mind, finish, enjoy, keep, practise, miss, av

24、oid, delay, excuse, escape, consider, advise等。如 (1) Would you mind my smoking here ? (2) The girl was told to practise playing the piano for three hours every day (3) Good news keeps coming. (4) Tina suggested spending the weekend on her farm 第26页/共56页(4)在forget, remember, regret, mean, try, stop 等动

25、词后既可接动名词，也可接不定式，但意义差别较大。(5)在介词之后用动名词作宾语。注意to是介词的短语，如: be /get become used to, be accustomed to(习惯于), be addicted to, be adjusted to, contribute to , devote oneself to /be devoted to, get down to, look forward to, pay attention to, owe to, be opposed to, object to, be admitted to, pay a visit to, sti

26、ck to, be exposed to, apply oneself to, get close to, turn to, belong to, set an example to, treat sboneself to, 等。(6)含介词的固定句式：preclude ban prohibit prevent /stop /keep from doing 阻止做第27页/共56页spend /waste time or money in doing 在做方面花费/浪费时间或金钱have some difficulty/trouble in doing 在做方面有些困难there is no

27、sensepointuse in doing做是没有理由/意义(7)介词后一般只能接动名词，但在表示“除外”的介词but和except后，有时可接不定式；当前面有行为动词do时，不定式不带to；前面没有行为动词do时，要带to。第28页/共56页Exercise: Though he has lived in China for several years, he still has some trouble _ (communicate) with others in Chinese. I really wonder how much efforts our government will

28、devote to _ (raise) public awareness about this issue? He is so stubborn that he often refuse _ (take) others suggestions even though they are very practical and municating raising to take 第29页/共56页考点4：作宾补当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用不定式(未来或全过程)或-ing形式(正在进行或一直处于某种状态)；当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是被动关系时，用-ed形式。请注意复习以下6点：(

29、1)在ask, invite, encourage, advise, forbid, force, remind, 等动词后，用带to的不定式作宾补。(2)在help后作宾补的不定式带不带to均可。help sb (to) do sth 第30页/共56页(3)在make, let, have等使役动词和feel, smell, hear, see, watch等感官动词后，一般用不带to的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主语补足语时，要加上to。make sb do sth Sb be made to do sth (4)在with的宾语后，若用-ed形式，表示宾语与-ed形式在逻辑上是被动关

30、系，且意味着该动作已经完成；若用-ing形式，表示宾语与-ing形式在逻辑上是主动关系，且表示动作持续进行。第31页/共56页(5)get sb to do sth. =have sb. do sth.使某人做某事(主动、将来); get/havedoing使处于某一状态中(主动、持续); getdone=have sth. Done请人做/遭受(被动);(6) make oneself 后常用understood, heard, seen, known等作宾补，表示让别人明白自己的意思/让自己讲的话被别人听到/让自己被别人看到/让自己被别人认识。第32页/共56页Exercise: With

31、 the problem _(solve), I felt proud of my achievement. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man (sit) at the front. The lecture hall is so crowded that he has to speak loudly to make himself _ (hear). Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With

32、so much work _ (fill) my mind, I almost break down.solved sitting heard filling 第33页/共56页考点5：作状语(1)分词短语作状语，表示时间，原因，让步，条件，伴随情况，结果等。其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，非谓语动词若与句子主语在逻辑上是主动关系，用-ing形式，若与句子主语在逻辑上是被动关系，用-ed形式。(2)不定式作状语，常做目的状语居多，可放句首或句末。放在句末做原因状语，且不用逗号，多用于表示情绪或情感反应的动词、形容词(如glad, sorry, surprised, frightened, delig

33、hted)之后。作结果状语，其动作发生在谓语动词之后，往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的，前面常加only；也还用于tooto, enough to, so/suchas to等固定结构中。第34页/共56页(3) 在“连词(如when, while, if, though等)+分词”结构中，当分词与主句主语是主动关系时用-ing形式，是被动关系时用-ed形式。Exercise：For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop _ (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. With Fathers

34、 Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _ (buy) presents for my dad.We were astonished _(find) the temple still in its original condition.(1)_ (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.to help to buy to find Approaching 第35页/共56页考点6：作定语(1)

35、动词不定式作定语：常放在所修饰的名词之后，表示一个将来的动作，多用来修饰have、there be、with之后的名词，表示“有要”；或修饰“the+序数词”。have to dowith to do the firstsecond to do (2)分词作定语：被修饰的名词与分词是主动关系，用-ing形式，是被动关系时用-ed形式。a girl sitting in the rooma girl scolded by her boss 第36页/共56页Exercise:1 Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one _ (r

36、epair) first is the library.2 That is the only way we can imagine _ (reduce) the overuse of water in students bathrooms. 3 The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ (weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. 4 Im calling to enquire about the position _ (advert

37、ise) in yesterdays China Daily. 5 His first book _ (publish) next month is based on a true story. to be repairedto reduce weighing advertised to be published第37页/共56页考点7：特殊句式Why not do sth.? =Why dont you do sth.? 为何不做某事呢？had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事would rather (not) do sth.宁愿(不)做某事would do A

38、rather than do B = would rather do A than do B = prefer to do A rather than do B = prefer doing A to doing B 宁做A事不做B事第38页/共56页考点8：独立结构-ing形式的独立成分： judging by /from(根据判断), generally speaking(一般说来)， strictly speaking(严格说来), franklyhonestly speaking(坦率老实地说)等。(2)不定式的独立结构： to tell you the truth(和你说实话吧),

39、to make things worse(情况更糟的是)等。(3)用作介词或连词的considering(考虑到，就而言)和given(考虑到)后接名词或that从句。第39页/共56页不同考点各个击破第40页/共56页一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Please remain _(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon. (辽宁)2. Can I smoke here? Sorry. We dont allow _(smoke) here. (江苏)3. If you think that treatin

40、g a woman well means always _ (get) her permission for things, think again. (湖南)seated smoking getting 第41页/共56页4. It is difficult to imagine his _(accept) the decision without any consideration. (陕西)5. I cant stand _(work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _(stop) talking while she wor

41、ks. (北京)6. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _ (repair). (陕西)7. _ (give) the general state of health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. accepting to stop workingrepairingto be repaired Given 第42页/共56页8. Isnt it time you got down to _

42、(mark) the papers? (重庆)9. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ (set) up some schools for poor children. (上海)10. She looks forward every spring to _ (walk) in the flower-lined garden. (上海)11. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time _ (pass) the exam. 12. The child

43、ren went home from the grammar school, their lessons _(finish) for the day. marking setting walking passing finished 第43页/共56页13. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week _ (watch) TV. 14. I believe thats the best way to prevent such a thing from _ (happen) again. 15.

44、Did you have trouble in_ (find) the post office? 16. Sandy could do nothing but _ (admit) to his teacher that he was wrong. 17. Search the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you _ (learn) a lot about firefighting. watching happening finding admit will learn 第44页/共56页18. I smell somethi

45、ng _ (burn) in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (全国)19. Dont leave the water _ (run) while you brush your teeth. 20. It was so cold that they kept the fire _ (burn) all night. 21. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ (carry) out the next year. 22. Reading is an

46、experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ (form) in your mind instead of before your eyes.burning running burning carried forming 第45页/共56页23. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ (speak) as much as we can. 24. He is very popular among his stu

47、dents as he always tries to make them _(interest) in his lectures. 25. Energy drinks are not allowed _(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. 26. My advisor encouraged me _(take) a summer course to improve my writing skills. spoken interested to be made to take 第46页/共56页27. John rec

48、eived an invitation to dinner, and with his work _ (finish), he gladly accepted it.28. My parents have always made me _ (feel) good about myself, even when I was twelve. 29. They knew her very well. They had seen her _ (grow) up from childhood. 30. The mother felt herself _ (grow) cold and her hands

49、 trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield. 31. Paul doesnt have to be made _ (learn). He always works hard. feel grow grow to learn finished 第47页/共56页32. Did Peter fix the computer himself? He had it _(fix), because he doesnt know much about computers. 33. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will

50、 suggest a good way to have her written English _ (improve) in a short period. 34. Helen had to shout to make herself _ (hear) above the sound of the music.35. Peter received a letter just now _ (say) his grandma would come to see him soon. 36. With a lot of difficult problems _ (settle), the newly-

51、elected president is having a hard time.fixed improved heard saying to settle 第48页/共56页37. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _ (move), and asked myself what I was going to do. 38. _(walk) in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. 39. _ (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. 40. _ (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. 41