模块四第二单元语法——情态动词

1、情态动词的用法1. 情态动词表示说话人对_的态度，可以表示_等之意。2. 情态动词没有_的变化。但不能_动词用，必须和不带to的不定式连用构成谓语动词。只有情态动词ought要和带to的动词不定式连用，在句中作谓语用。3. 将情态动词置于主语之前即构成其_，在情态动词之后加not既构成其_。 【情态动词的语法特征 】某一动作或状态“可能”、“可以”、“需要”、“必须”或“应当”人称和数单独作谓语疑问式否定式can couldmay mightshall shouldwill would must ought todare (darent)need (neednt) modal verbs I.

2、表示能力: can, could, be able to be able to 能用于各种时态。 can / could 只能表示现在或过去的能力。 was / were able to : “设法做成某事” 相当于 managed to do sth. succeeded in doing sth.1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might notA 2. The fire spread through the hotel very q

3、uickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able toDII.表示许可: may / might, can / could might, could 比较委婉, 一般多用于疑问句.can, may 表达的语言比较随便.在以could, might 表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can, may.特殊用法：may/might well 很可能 may/might as well 不妨，最好1. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course yo

4、u _. A. might B. will C. can D. should2. May I pick a flower in the garden? _. A. No,you neednt B. Not,please C. No,you mustnt D. No,you wontCCIII.表示推测情态动词的重要用法. can , could ,may ,might ,must 皆可用来表示推测，其用法如下：情态动词 将来或现在 正在进行 过去 must can, could may, might + V. + be doing + have done + V. + be doing + h

5、ave done + V. + be doing + have done 情态动词 含义 适用句型 must can/could可能，或许 肯定句,否定句 一定，必须 肯定句 可能，或许 否定句，疑问句 may/might特殊用法：can用在肯定句中，表示客观可能性高考考题:1. I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must 2. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep A. must be B. mu

6、st have been C. should be D. should have beenB B 3. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 4. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold so

7、metimes. A.must B.can C.should D.would D B 用can, could, may, might 填空：1.-Is John coming by train?-He should, but _not. He likes driving his car.2.Peter_come with us tonight, but he isnt sure yet.3.Sorry Im late. I _have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.4.That_not be Mary. She

8、is in hospital.5.How _you be so stupid?may/mightmightmay/mightcancan. 表示 必须、应该的情态动词的用法:must 表示“必须”、“应该”之意， 其意与have to相近。其否定式mustnt，表示“不准”、“不许可”或“禁止”之意. 特殊用法：must表示“偏要，非要” 对以must提出的疑问句，如作否定回答时，要用neednt或用dont (doesnt) have to (不 必)来回答，而不用mustnt。- Must we finish the work tomorrow? - No, you _ , but you

9、 _finishit in three days.neednt (dont have to)must. shall和 should的用法shall1.shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中、表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。例如： Shall we begin our lesson? 2. shall用于第二、第三人称陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁例如： You shall fail if you dont work harder He shall have the book when I finish reading He shall be punished.警告允诺威胁

10、should： should表示“建议”或“劝告”，有“应该”之意，与ought to 同义。ought to表示根据某种义务或必要“应当”做某事，语气比should强。在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought to。 特殊用法：should表示“竟然” 表示推测，注意与must表示推测时的区别： He must be home by now .(断定他已到家) He should/ought to be home by now .(不十分肯定) 1. 一What does the sign over there read? 一“No person _ smoke or carry a l

11、ighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.”Awill Bmay Cshall D. mustC2 - I think Ill give Bob a ring. - You _. You havent been in touch with him for ages. A. will B. mayC. have to D. shouldD3. - When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They _ be ready by 12:00. A. must B. s

12、hould C. may D. needB1.表意愿：If you will wait, the manager will be here soon.If you will take off your clothes, we will try the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.2.表请求: Will you please ?3.特殊用法：表习惯性动作:Fish _die without water. Whenever he meets me, he _over and say hello to me. VI. will和would用法w

13、illwillwill come would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向，有“总是、总会”等意思。would表过去习惯时比used to正式，并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。例如：During the vacation he would visit me every week在疑问句中，用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或许问对方的意愿时，比用will的气更加婉转，如： Would you like some more coffee? would情态动词 (+动词原形)行为动词 needdare多用与否定句,疑问句，或条件句中;常以neednt 和darent 的形式出现;dare有其

14、过去时dared. 多用于肯定句 need to do dare to do .可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare判断正误: How dare you say such a thing? He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.These dishes needed be cleaned carefully.1.They _ to walk in the street at night. A. didnt dare B.

15、 not dared C. not dare D. dared not2.I dare to climb that tall tree over there, but _ ?A. dare you B. do you C. are you D. would you3. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may notABC1. must have done3. may have done/ might have done4.

16、needt have done5. should have done/ shouldnt have done6. could have done 7. would have done / wouldnt have done2. cant have done/ couldnt have doneVIII. 情态动词+ have +过去分词1.-Guess what! I have got A for my term paper. -Great! You _read widely and put a lot of work into it.A. must B. shouldC. must have

17、 D. should have2.The plant is dead. I _ it more water.A. should have given B. will give C. would give D. must give3.- I stayed at a hotel while in New York. - Oh, did you? You _with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed CAA4.Why didnt you tell me there was no meeting today? I _ all the way here through the heavy snow.A. neednt have driven B. cant have driven C. must have driven D. shouldnt have driven5. -I wonder why Mr. Lin didnt