高中英语高考句型句式专题汇总

1、高考英语句型句式专题总汇（一）按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。1） 陈述句（Declarative Sentencee：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法Light travels faster than sound.光比声速度快。（说明事实）The film is rather boring.这部电影很乏味。（说明看法）这里我们侧重讲述否定句一概念否定句指否定陈述句的句子二.相关知识点精讲.用not构成的否定句：主语 +助动词/ be+not+ 例句：He is not back yet.It is not true.We haven t forgotten you.You shou

2、ldn t be so silly.We haven t been invited yet.He won t go, but they will.Money could not buy happiness.I like the salad, but I don t like this soup.He wants a girl friend, but he doesn t want to get married.You didn t understand what I said, did you ?You needn t try to explain.I didn t use to like o

3、pera, but now I m getting interested.I usedn t to like opera, but now I m getting interested.祈使句的否定句：Don t动词原形 。例句：Don t worry. I ll look after you.Don t believe a word he says.Don t be so rude.3,非谓语动词（不定式，分词，动名词）的否定式：把 not放在to do; doing;的前面。It s important not to worry.He said he deeply regretted no

4、t being able to help.Not knowing what to do, Shelly asked advice of her friend.He reproached me for not having told it to him.not与除谓语以外的其他句子成分连用：Come early, but not before six.It s working, but not properly.I believe he will succeed, though not without some difficulty.not 用在 I hope; I believe; I m a

5、fraid; I gupssse） seppect 之后， 构成省略句。Will it snow today ?I hope not.5,用no构成否定句：no+名词（单，复数，不可数）相当于 not+ a +名词/ not + any +名词No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated.The nations of Europe and America have found that no country can produce all its needs without trading.Take that

6、 towel, I have no other.I can walk no farther.There is no knowing what will happen.某些否定副词或代词：seldom; never; hardly; rarely; little; few; none; nowhere; neither 等在句中构成否定句：I can seldom find time for reading.Mirror tells only the facts, never the poetry.The rumor came from nowhere.None but fools have e

7、ver believed it.否定转移：当think; believe; suppose; imagine等动词引导否定意义的宾语从句时，把从 句中的not提到主句这些动词前面，是主句变成否定句：I don t think she s at home, but I ll go and see.I don t imagine that he ll enjoy it.否定式疑问句：Doesn t she understand ?Haven t you booked your holiday yet ?部分否定：注意部分否定的结构：Not all =All not Not both =Both -

8、 not Not every =Every not I don t remember all the names.All is not gold that glitters.It is not found everywhere.Not everyone likes this film.9.用否定形式表示肯定的意义：注意这些句型：cannot too./ cannot mor刚越好； 再 不过了。You cannot be too careful.A man can never have too many friends.三.巩固练习Such a sudden turn in the road

9、is too difficult for the new driver, isn t it ?. He s dealt with all kinds of troublesome situations before.A. No, it isnB: Yes, it is C. No, he isn t D. Yes, he is Aren t you feeling tired ?, I am rather.A. Yes B. No C. Not at all D. Never一 She isn t a dagcfeiacher, is she ? .A. Yes, she isn B. No,

10、t she isC. Yes, she wasn D. No, but she was.Will you go shopping with us this afternoon ?一 but I ve got quite a lot of homework to do.A. of courseB. I d like toC. That s all rightD. No, I won t If our parents would listen more to us, they would understand us better. They just expect us to listen.A.

11、I believe not B. No problem C. Good ideaD. I can t agree more Did you enjoy the trip ?一I m afraid not. And.A. my classmates can t either.B. my classmates don t too.C. neither do my classmatesD. neither did my classmatesTry to retell the story in your own words.afraid to make mistakes.A. Not to be B.

12、 Don t C. No beD. Don t be四.答案AADBD DD疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):提出问题。有以下四种：一般疑问句(General Questions)：Can you finish the work in time?你能按时完成工作吗？特殊疑问句(W Questions; H Questions ):Where do you live?你住那儿？How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事？选择疑问句(Alternative Questions ):Do you want tea or coffee?你是要茶还是要咖啡？d.

13、反意疑问句(Tag-Questions):这里我们测重讲解反意疑问句1)陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 arent I.Im as tall as your sister, arent I?2)陈述部分的谓语是 wish ,疑问部分要用 may +主语。I wish to have a word with you, may I?陈述部分用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little 等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。The Swede made no answer, did he / she?Some pl

14、ants never blown （开花）,do they ?4）含有ought to的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldnt / oughtnt +主He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he?5）陈述部分有have to +v. （had to + v.）,疑问部分常用 dont +主语（didnt +主语）。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we?6）陈述部分的谓语是 used to时，疑问部分用 didnt +主语或usednt +主语。He us

15、ed to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he?陈述部分有 had better + v.疑问句部分用 hadnt you?Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?8）陈述部分有 would rather +v.,疑问部分多用wouldnt +主语。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?9）陈述部分有 Youd like to +v.疑问部分用 wouldnt +主语。Youd like to go with me,

16、 wouldnt you?10）陈述部分有must的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。He must be a doctor, isnt he?You must have studied English for three years, havent you? / didnt you?He must have finished it yesterday, didnt he?11）感叹句中，疑问部分用 be +主语。What colours, arent they?What a smell, isnt it?12）陈述部分由neither nor, either - or连接的并列主语时，疑问部

17、分根据其实际逻辑 意义而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?13）陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this,疑问部分主语用 it。Everything is ready, isnt it?14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况:a.并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he?b.带有定

18、语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?He said he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he?c.上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。I dont think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, cant she?15)陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, an

19、yone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数 he。Everyone knows the answer, dont they? (does he?)Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)16)带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用need (dare ) +主语。We need not do it again, need we ?He dare not say so, dare you?当dare, need为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do +主语。She doesnt d

20、are to go home alone, does she?17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用 will you。Dont do that again, will you?Go with me, will you / wont you ?注意：Lets开头的祈使句，后用 shall we?Let us开头的祈使句，后用 will you?Lets go and listen to the music, shall we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?18)陈述部分是there be结构的，疑问部分用there

21、省略主语代词。There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there?There will not be any trouble, will there?19)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。It is impossible, isnt it?He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?20) must在表推测时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。He must be there now, isnt he?It must be going to rain tomorrow, wont i

22、t?快速记忆表陈述部分的谓语疑问部分Iarent I ?Wishmay + 主语?no,nothing,nobody,never,few, seldom, hardly,肯定含义rarely, little等否定含义的词ought to (肯定的)have to+v.(had to+v.)used tohad better + v.would rather + v.youd like to + v.must感叹句中Neither nor,either喊接的根并列主语指示代词或不定代词everything,that,主语用 itnothing,this并列复合句定语从句，宾语从句的shouldn

23、t/ oughtnt + 主语dont + 主语（didnt + 主语）didnt +主语或 usednt +主语hadnt youwouldnt + 主语wouldnt + 主语根据实际情况而定be +主语据其实际逻辑意义而定谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定主从复合句think,believe,expect, suppose,imagine 等弓 I导 everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one 情态动词 dare或need dare, need为实义动词省去主语的祈使句Lets开头的祈使句Let us开头的祈使句根据主句的谓语而定与宾语从句相对应的从句复数th

24、ey,单数heneed （dare ） + 主语？do +主语？will you ？Shall we?Will you?there be 相应的谓语动词+there（省略主语代词）否定前缀不能视为否定词仍用否定形式must表推测根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句注意：怎样回答反意疑问句？Its very cold today, isnt it?你该怎么回答呢？首先，我们来回顾一下怎样回答一般疑问句。Are you on-line now?（你在上网吗？）当然啦，你的回答应该是肯定的。否则就不会看到这 篇文章了。回答应该是：Yes, I am.你正在看电视吗？ Are you watching T

25、V now? 肯定没有啦，你就应该说： No, Im not.现在 你可以总结出来，该怎么回答一般疑问句了吧？ ！对，就是根据实际情况回答，Yes, I do.或者 No, I dont.反意疑问句的回答法跟一般疑问句的回答方式完全一样。例如：She is good at English, isnt she?回答可以是：Yes, she is.或者No, she isnt.注意，回答一定要和实际情况相符合，是“就是“，不是“就 不是”。也就是说回答反意疑问句要遵循实事求是”的原则，肯定的答案就用yes+肯定结构；否定的答案就用no +否定结构。答案要和实际情况相符。那怎样回答 There is

26、 a computer in your room, isnt there?这个句子呢？你房间里确实有台电脑，那么回答就是：Yes, there is.不过，我们现在只练习了一种反意疑问句，即：前一部分为肯定式，后一部分是否定式。There isnt a反意疑问句还有一种形式，就是：前一部分是否定式，后一部分是肯定式。”你该怎么回答呢?computer in your room, is there? 你的房间里没有电脑，对吗?根据中国人的思维，反应在你脑海中的肯定是，不对，我房间里有电脑。”便顺口回答道：No, there is.这样，可就大错特错了。因为你违背了事实求是”的原则：肯定的答案就用

27、yes+肯定结构；否定的答案就用no +否定结构。所以刚刚那句话的回答应该是：Yes, there is.总之，回答反意疑问句就得记住一点：实事求是。记住了？不管是做人还是回答反意疑问句都是一样的。OK. You dont have any questions, do you? 你怎么回答呢？希望是 -No, I dont.三.巩固练习It s a fine day, Let s go fishing,?A. won t we. will we C. don t Wfe shall weFrank is working late again. This is the first time th

28、is week he s had to study late,A. isn 曲由asn Cithasn tDheisn t it一 Daddy s forgot to post the letter again,?一I m afraid he.A. has; has B. isn tCishasn t; hOshas; hasn t Sorry, I m not feeling well and I don t think I can finish.- Don t worry. Let us do it for you ,?A. will youB. shall weC. shant weD.

29、 shall youI don t think he could have done such ap蹴uhing last night,?A. do IB. could heC. did heD. has heThe ground is wet.It must have rained last night,?A. hasn t itB. didn t itC. mustn t itD. isn t it一 Jenny doesn t think that Robert is honest,?一I m afraid not.A. is heB. isn t heC. does sheD. doe

30、sn t sheThe new windows need washing.-Well, let s wash them together,?A. shall weB. will youC. should weD. would youThere is little we can do about it,?A. is thereB. cant weC. isnt theereD. can w The problem wasn t difficult for him, was it ?. He should have been given a more difficult one.A. No, it

31、 wasB. Yes, it wasC. Yes, it wasn t D. No, it wasn t四.答案DDCAC BCAAD3) 祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如： 一概念祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。二.相关知识点精讲.祈使句有三种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，(但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。例如：Take this seat.坐这儿。Do be careful.务必小心。否定结构：例如：Dont move.不准动。Dont be late.不要迟到。.以let开头的祈使句Let的反意疑问句：Lets包括说话者。例如：L

32、ets have another try, shall we / shant we? = Shall we have another try? 我们再试一 次，如何？Let us不包括说话者。例如：Let us have another try , will you / wont you? = Will you please let us have another try?你让我们再试一次，好吗？否定结构：例如：Lets not talk of that matter.不要谈这件事。Let us not talk of that matter.你不要让我们谈这件事。.有主语的祈使句2003年高

33、考英语试卷上有这样一道单项填空题：-Sorry, Joe. I didnt mean to.-Dont call me Joe. Im Mr Parker to you, and you forget it!A. do B. didnt C. did D. dont-对不起，乔。我不是故意要-不要叫我乔，叫我帕克先生，你别忘记了。答语的后半句是一个祈使句，表示警告对方，要以dont开头,故正确答案是D。这道题的正确答案是D。该题主要考查有主语的祈使句的用法。我们知道，祈使句的主语通常就是说话的对方，即第二人称you, 一般不表示出来，但在有 些情况下，祈使句也可带主语。一、为了强调指明向谁提出

34、要求或发出命令时。例如 ：You go with me.你跟我去。You tell him what I said.你把我说的话告诉他。You take that seat.你坐在那个座位上。二、表达”气愤;不?t;厌烦；急躁”等情绪时。例如：You get out of here!你给我滚出这儿！You mind your own business!你少管闲事 !You take your hands off me!你把手拿开，别碰我！三、表示对照或区别不同的说话对象时。例如 ：Helen, you clean the window, and Paul, you sweep the floo

35、r.海伦，你擦窗子；保罗，你扫地。You come here, Jack, and you go there, Mary.杰克你到这边来，玛丽你到那边去。You ask the first question and I ask the second one.你问第个问题 ，我问第二个问题。四、当祈使句中有in, out, away, up, off等作状语的副词，强调这些状语而把它们置于句 首时。例如：Out you come!你出来！Away you go!你走吧！Up you stand!你站起来！五、祈使句以dont开头，表示关照或警告对方时。例如：Dont you be late ag

36、ain.你别再迟到了。Dont you ever forget this lesson!你一定不要忘记了 这次教训！六、祈使句的主语也可以是第三人称。例如 ：Everybody stand up!大家都站起来!Jack stand there.杰克站到那边去。Someone open the door.谁去把打开。4) 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：What good news it is! 多好的消息啊！感叹句一概念感叹句通常有 what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情二.相关知识点精讲.How +形容词+ a +名

37、词+陈述语序。例如： How clever a boy he is!他是多聪明的孩子！.How+形容词或副词+陈述语序。例如：How lovely the baby is!小毛头真可爱！.What +名词+陈述语序。例如：What noise they are making!他们真吵！.What +a+形容词+名词+陈述语序。例如： What a clever boy he is!他是多聪明的孩子！.What+形容词+复数名词+陈述语序。例如： What wonderful ideas(we have) !我们的主意真棒！.What+形容词+不可数名词+陈述语序。例如： What cold w

38、eather it is!多冷的天！.What a clever boy he is!的省略形式为：What a clever boy!典型例题food youve cooked!A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice答案D.由于How修饰形容词，副词；what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词，因此A, B排除。C How + adj.后面不能再加名词，因此只有 D正确，其句型为 What + adj. +n.(不可 数)terrible weather weve been having these days!A. What

39、B. What a C. How D. How a答案A. weather为不可数名词，B, D排除。C为how + adj.后面不应有名词。只有 A, 符合句型 What +形容词+不可数名词。-I had!- You really suffered a lot.What a timeWhat timeHow a timehow time答案A.感叹句分两类：What + n.+主谓部分2： How + adj. / adv. / v.+主谓部分。本题属第一种，但省略了 bad,相对于 What a bad time I had!这是个习惯用语。（二）句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：简单句（S

40、imple Sentences）:只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句，例如：She is fond of collecting stamps.她喜欢集由B。（主）（谓）并列句（Compound Sentences :包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句 与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接，例如：The food was good, but he had little appetite.（主）（谓）（主）（谓）食物很精美，但他却没什么胃口。简单句和并列句一概念（一）简单句由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）所构成的句子叫简单句，其结构是主语+谓语。（二）并列句由并列连词把两个或两

41、个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句（即简单句）连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句常用的连词有 and,but,or not only.but also,neither.nor,either.or二.相关知识点精讲（一）简单句五种基本句型（Basic Sentence Patterns）:英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种 基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的：1）主+动（SV）例如：I work. 我工作。2）主+动+表（SVP）例如:John is busy.约翰忙。3）主+动+宾（SVO）例如：She studies English.她学英语。4）主+动+宾

42、+补（SVOC）例如：Time would prove me right.时间会证明我是对的。5）主+动+间宾+直宾（SVOiOd ）例如：My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。（二）并列句并列句分为：联合并列句，转折并列句，选择并列句和因果并列句联合并列句常由并列词and, not only - but also等连接如：Use your hand, and you ll find a way.转折并列句常由并列连词but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等连接如:I would love to have g

43、one to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.选择疑问句常由并列连词or, otherwise, eithero连接如:Either you leave this house or Icall t hellpolice因果并列句由并列连词so, for, therefore等连接.如：it was late, so we went home.在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中，当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and;前后意思为相反关系时，用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件

44、状语从句，但必须将and或or去掉.如：Hurry up, and we ll be there in time.= If we hurry up, we imee there in tbecause和 so; although, though 和 but 不能连用三.巩固练习I don t suppose anyone will volunteer, ?A. do I B. don t I C. will they D. won t theyhelp if you can,and our country will improvemore quickly and better.A. Givin

45、gB. GiveC. GivenD. To giveLucy,you wash the dishes, ?Mom,can t Lily do it? It s her turn to do it.A. don t you B. can you C. shall you D. will youI will not take an umbrella with me today.一 it rains later on in the day?A. How B. What C. How about D. What ifYou ought to stay up late tonight, you?Yes.

46、 I ve got too much homework.A. can t B. shouldn t C. mustn t D. won tNothing can stop us from serving the people heart and soul, ?A. can it B. can t itC. can they D. can t theyThere used to be a church in the small town, ?A. used thereB. usedn t thereC. used it D. usedn t itShe isn t your neighbour,

47、 is she?A. Yes,she isn tB. No,she isC. Yes,she is D. No,isn t she to be a PLA soldier when I was young.And now you are.A. How I wantedB. How did I wantC. What I wanted D. What did I wantRecently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,was very reasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its price D. t

48、he price of thatAfter ten years,she changed a lot and looked different from she used to be.A. thatB. whomC. whatD. whois known to everyone,the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. WhatHe s got himself into a dangerous situation he is likely to lose control over the plane

49、.A. where B. which C. while D. whyInformation has been put forward more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. while B. that C. when D. asWhat the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A. when B. how C. whether D. whatThe students of the

50、music school study .music but also some other subjectssome other subjects as well as musicmusic as well as some other subjectssome other subjects and musicair is to man,so is water to fish.A. SinceB. JustC. LikeD. AsThere is plenty of rain in the south there is little in the north.A. whileB. asC. wh

51、enD. soseveral times about it,but he could not give the correct answer.A. Being askedB. Having been askedC. He would ask D. He had been askedI don t like chicken fish.I don ikel chicken,I like fish very much.A. and; and B. and; but C. or; but D. or; andthe days went on,the situation there got worse.

52、A. WithB. SinceC. WhileD. Aseverybody is here,let s setawia yight A. Now that B. Because C. For D. AfterThe science of medicine,progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.to whichin whichwhich D. with whichWe must do the experiment carefully Miss Liu told

53、us.A. what B. since C. as D. whileTony will never forget these days she lived in China with her mother, has a great effect on her life.A. that; whichB. when ; whichC. which ； that D. when ； thatI know,they will go to Beijing to watch the Olympic Games in 2008.A. Since B. So far as C. In case D. As i

54、fWho do you think the doctor will have first,John or Kate?A. examine B. to examineC. examining D. examinedWhat are you anxious about?. A. Whether we can succeed B. If we succeed C. Do we succeedD. That we can succeedYou should put the dictionary you can find it easily.A. where B. the placeC. the pla

55、ce on which D. whatShe said to me, I ll tell you the result of the tesknow it. ”A. because B. the moment C. after D. thoughGrandpa used to tell us something about the“ CulturalRevolilrtiDhad time, tospare.A. as soon as B. as C. so that D. wheneverLi Fang is very busy,she s always helping others with

56、 their lessons.A. butB. althoughC. soD. forGetting a right job can be difficult the students prepared to deal with the job interview.A. if ; won tB. unless willC. unless; are D. if ; areEverything depends on they will support you about it.A. ifB. whichC. whetherD. thatShe won the first prize in the

57、speech contest and surprised us.A. whichB. itC. asD. whoThe Oscar is one of the film prizes offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far.A. which is not B. that have not beenC. that has not D. that has not beenHe made another wonderful discovery, of great importance to science.A. which I think is

58、B. which I think it isC. which I think it D. I think isIt s really very dangerous. One more step,the baby will fall into the well.A. orB. soC. butD. andShe is American, she knows little about American history.A. soB. yetC. andD. thereforeInformation technology is taught in most schools,we have enter

59、ed the information society.A. soB. whileC. stillD. forHelen must obey her parents.Oh,she must, ?A. must she B. mustn t sheC. shouldn t shDe. should sheJohn must be in the chemistry lab, ?A. mustn he B. needn t heC. isn t hD. shouldn t heIt was quite a long time I made it out what had happened.A. aft

60、er B. beforeC. when D. sincethe text a second time,the meaning will become clearer to you.A. ReadB. ReadingC. If readingD. When you readdoes he do his work well, he helps others with their work.A. Not only ; but also B. Neither; norC. Either; or D. Both ; and,so he didn t come to school last week.A.