英语（新高考）2022届高考考前冲刺卷（一）教师版

1、（新高考）此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 2022届高考考前冲刺卷英语（一）注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷（选择题）第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短

2、文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALondon Tour and Attraction Pass TicketsTickets to AttractionsWith this London Attraction Pass, you can benefit from our sightseeing bus tour plus three top London attractionsMadame Tussauds, London Eye and Sea Life London. The best part is that you dont need

3、 to visit all three attractions in one day. Once you have bought your London attractions ticket package, you have 30 days to visit each attraction so you can spread visits out across your trip.GallerySo many amazing galleries in London! There are plenty of photo opportunities with the London Tour an

4、d Attraction Pass. With so many things to do, youll have lots of pictures to share with families and friends.Plan Your VisitWith our London 72 hour Bus Ticket, you will be able to get to one attraction per day with ease. Your tickets are valid for entry within 30 days after you have bought them and

5、you can use them before, after or on the same day as your bus tour.LocationMadame Tussauds: Marylebone, next to Baker StreetLondon Eye: SouthbankSea Life London: SouthbankOpening TimesMadame Tussauds: Times vary between 9 am6 pmLondon Eye: Times vary between 10 am9:30 pmSea Life London: Opening time

6、s vary between 9:30 am7 pmAccessibilityMadame Tussauds: Wheelchair friendly but book your seat in advance.London Eye: Only two wheelchairs per capsule and a maximum of 8 at any one time. You must book a disabled seat in advance.Sea Life London. Full wheelchairs are accessible.1. How long can London

7、attractions ticket package be used?A. 30 days.B. 72 hours.C. 1 week.D. 24 hours.2. What can you share with your family after visiting galleries?A. Artworks.B. Books.C. Paintings.D. Photos.3. What should the disabled do when visiting London Eye?A. Visit London Eye after 10 pm.B. Book a disabled seat

8、in advance.C. Buy a London 72 hour Bus Ticket.D. Reach Marylebone as early as possible.【答案】1-3 ADB【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦旅游景点卡，有了这张伦敦景点卡，游客就可以享受观光巴士之旅，以及三个伦敦顶级景点杜莎夫人蜡像馆、伦敦眼和伦敦海洋生物馆。1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一部分“Tickets to Attractions”最后一句内容“Once you have bought your London attractions ticket package, you have 30

9、days to visit each attraction so you can spread visits out across your trip.”可知，游客一旦购买了景点的套票，就有30天的时间参观每个景点。故选A项。2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二部分“Gallery”内容“So many amazing galleries in London! There are plenty of photo opportunities with the London Tour and Attraction Pass. With so many things to do, youll have l

10、ots of pictures to share with families and friends.(伦敦有这么多令人惊叹的画廊！在伦敦旅游和景点通行证上有很多拍照的机会。有这么多的事情要做，你会有很多照片与家人和朋友分享。)”可知，艺术馆之旅结束后，旅游者可以与家人、朋友分享照片。故选D项。3. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分“Accessibility”内容“London Eye: Only two wheelchairs per capsule and a maximum of 8 at any one time. You must book a disabled seat in ad

11、vance.(伦敦眼：每个太空舱只有两个轮椅，每次最多8个。你必须预先为残疾人预订座位。)”可知，残疾人员去伦敦眼玩的时候，要提前预订残疾人士的座位。故选B项。BNew YorkA truck struck a 56-year-old woman riding a Citi Bike through Midtown Thursday morning, and officers Dimitri Coutsouvelis and Thomas Demery came to her rescue, officials said.Two counter-terrorism policemen on S

12、ixth Ave. near W. 47th St. spotted the white truck dragging the Citi Bike about 9:30 a. m. moments after it struck the woman, who was found lying on the street with an injured right leg, frightened witnesses said.“She was just lying there in a lot of pain,” said Stanford Dawson, 57, who sells goods

13、on the comer of Sixth Ave. and 48th St. “You could see her leg was turned back and the knee bones were sticking out through the skin.One of the policemen ran after the truck and forced it to stop while the other tended to the woman.“The driver acted a little confused about what happened,” said Polic

14、e Officer Thomas Demery, who ran to stop the truck after hearing the “sound of the bike being dragged.”“The woman suffered a deep gash on her leg from her knee to her hip,” said the policeman. “I kept telling her not to look at it, that its going to be fine. I kept comforting her.”The ambulance rush

15、ed her to Bellevue Hospital in stable condition. The driver of the truck remained at the scene, policemen said. No charges were immediately filed.“I cant tell you how proud I am of the work that the Critical Response Team does each and every day protecting New York City. Generally, people think they

16、 always face danger all day and sometimes they shall feel bored in the street,” said Counter-terrorism Chief James Waters. “They always perform admirably, including today.”“It feels really good to be a part of helping fellow New Yorkers. Thats what we guys want to express most,” Demery said.Cars hav

17、e struck and killed many bicyclists so far this year, and the reported number of deaths is a 21 % increase compared to the 13 killed during the same time last year.4. Which is right about the truck driver?A. His over-speeding made the accident happen.B. He kept driving, not knowing the accident.C. H

18、e was arrested shortly after the accident.D. He had his leg hurt in the accident.5. Who ran to take care of the injured woman?A. Thomas Demery.B. James Waters.C. Stanford Dawson.D. Dimitri Coutsouvelis.6. What do the policemen think of their work on the street?A. Rewarding.B. Boring.C. Acceptable.D.

19、 Dangerous.7. What can be inferred about the woman?A. She was struck by a truck.B. She was badly injured in the foot.C. She was lucky to get timely help.D. She was unconscious in hospital.【答案】4-7 BDAC【解析】文章讲述了两名纽约警察在街上帮助被货车撞伤的妇女的故事，他们表示能保护别人感到很自豪。4. 细节推理题。根据“One of the policemen ran after the truck

20、and forced it to stop和“The driver acted a little confused about what happened,”可知货车司机只顾开车，根本不知道发生了事故。故选B.5. 细节推理题。根据“officers Dimitri Coutsouvelis and Thomas Demery came to her rescue”可知参加救助的两名警察，根据“One of the policemen ran after the truck and forced it to stop while the other tended to the woman.”和

21、“Police Officer Thomas Demery, who ran to stop the truck.”可知Thomas Demery去拦住货车司机，Dimitri Coutsouvelis照顾受伤的妇女。故选D.6. 推理判断题。根据“I cant tell you how proud I am of the work that the Critical Response Team does each and every day protecting New York City.”和“It feels really good to be a part of helping fel

22、low New Yorkers.”可知警察认为能够每天保护市民很自豪是值得的，故选A.7. 推理判断题。根据“while the other tended to the woman. “I kept telling her not to look at it, that its going to be fine. I kept comforting her.”和“The ambulance rushed her to Bellevue Hospital in stable condition.”可知这个妇女很幸运，及时得到了警察的救助并马上送到医院，伤情稳定。故选C.CRemember whe

23、n your mom told you not to eat too many candy bars or sweets because they can cause tooth decay (蛀牙)? However, it turns out that chocolate can be more salutary to your teeth than you might expect. Recent studies show that chocolate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as if we need another exc

24、use to eat chocolate.Chocolate offers protection like fluoride, a main ingredient in most household toothpastes. Not only does chocolate protect our teeth, but it can do so very effectively. Studies show that chocolate has compounds that provide strong protection for teeth. One of the compounds in c

25、hocolate, CBH, is shown to protect even more effectively than fluoride.Tooth decay happens when bacteria work to turn sugar into acids in our mouth. This is why eating foods with high sugar content can lead to more tooth decay. The compounds in chocolate, however, are anti-bacteria and can fight aga

26、inst bacteria in your mouth. The CBH compound in particular also works to strengthen tooth enamel (牙釉质), and protects against tooth decay.Does this mean you can cat as much chocolate as you want without worrying about your teeth? It depends on the types of chocolate that you like. The protective eff

27、ect of chocolate is most effective when you chew on cocoa beans. Of course, this option is not very appealing to; most people. A more tasty option is to choose dark chocolate with little sugar content, ideally no more than 6 to 8 grams per serving. For other types of chocolate with higher sugar cont

28、ent, the effect will be lessened. However, because of the protective compounds, it is still better for your teeth than other sweets and desserts containing the same amount of sugar.8. The word “salutary” in paragraph 1 means?A. Beneficial.B. Harmful.C. Familiar.D. Useless.9. What can we know about t

29、he compound CBH in chocolate?A. It can help chocolate cure tooth decay.B. It can effectively stop teeth from decaying.C. It may protect teeth better than toothpastes do.D. It may soon replace most household toothpastes.10. How does chocolate fight tooth decay?A. By breaking down acids.B. By building

30、 up compounds.C. By fixing up tooth enamel.D. By fighting against bacteria.11. Whats the main idea of the text?A. Chocolate plays the role of toothpaste.B. Chocolate protects against tooth decay.C. Chocolate is the best choice for teeth protection.D. Chocolate is healthier to teeth than other sweets

31、.【答案】8-11 ACDB【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巧克力能有效防止蛀牙的原理。8. 词句猜测题。根据文章第一段第一句“Remember when your mom told you not to eat too many candy bars or sweets because they can cause tooth decay (蛀牙)?(还记得你妈妈告诉你不要吃太多的糖块或糖果，因为它们会蛀牙吗？)”及第三句“Recent studies show that chocolate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as

32、if we need another excuse to eat chocolate.(最近的研究表明，巧克力可以有效地防止蛀牙，就好像我们需要另一个吃巧克力的借口一样)”可知，巧克力对牙齿的保护作用主要归因于其本身含有的复合物，这就如同很多家庭使用的牙膏中所含有的护齿成分。由此推知，划线词salutary为“有益的”之意。故选A。9. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“The CBH compound in particular also works to strengthen tooth enamel (牙釉质), and protects against tooth decay.(尤其

33、是CBH化合物还可以加强牙釉质，防止蛀牙)”可推断，巧克力含有的一种复合物甚至比牙膏中的氟化物的护齿效果要好。故选C。10. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句“The compounds in chocolate, however, are anti-bacteria and can fight against bacteria in your mouth.(然而，巧克力中的化合物是抗菌的，可以对抗口腔中的细菌)”可知，巧克力对抗蛀牙的原理主要是其含有的复合物能够对抗口腔中的细菌。故选D。11. 主旨大意题。根据全文，特别是文章第一段“Recent studies show that choc

34、olate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as if we need another excuse to eat chocolate.(最近的研究表明，巧克力可以有效地防止蛀牙，就好像我们需要另一个吃巧克力的借口一样)”及最后一段可知，文章主要介绍了巧克力有效防止蛀牙的原理，文中并未提到巧克力可代替牙膏等观点。故选B。DIn Judgement Day, one of the hit film series Terminator, a cyborg(生化人) played by Schwarzenegger could heal his

35、skin wound magically, that is, he makes the skin repair itself in less than a second. Recently, according to Mirror, a smart electronic skin like it has been developed, which is as strong, stretchy and sensitive as humans.Previous attempts to “electronically” copy human skin have fallen short. Makin

36、g suitably flexible electronics that can perform delicate tasks while also enduring the bumps and scrapes of everyday life is challenging, and each material involved must be carefully engineered. The previous sensor layer was too weak or too strong, reducing its durability, sensitivity or flexibilit

37、y, which makes it more likely to break.With the development of 2D sensors and hydrogel(水凝胶), scientists efforts paid off, linking sensor layer with skin functionally and durably. Study author Dr Jie Shen said, “Hydrogels are more than 70 percent water, making them very compatible(相容的) with human ski

38、n tissues. By prestretching the hydrogel in all directions, applying a layer of nano(纳米) wires, and then carefully controlling its release, we created conductive pathways to the sensor layer that remained complete even when the material was stretched to 28 times its original size. Meanwhile, skin el

39、ectronics kept changing at a spectacular pace.”This e-skin can sense temperature and touch from up to 8 inches away, react to things in under one tenth of a second and repair itself more than 5,000 times. The new invention could help monitor a range of biological information, including changes in bl

40、ood pressure. While the first port of call is medical, the e-skin could benefit a wide range of products one day, such as monitoring the structural condition of furniture and planes.12. Why is a cyborg in Judgement Day mentioned in Paragraph l?A. To introduce the topic.B. To inform the background.C.

41、 To advertise the hit film.D. To recommend Schwarzenegger.13. What made the previous attempts fall short?A. The delicate tasks.B. The unsuitable sensor layer.C. The bumps and scrapes of everyday life.D. The compatibility with human skin tissues.14. What can we infer about the e-skin from the last pa

42、ragraph?A. It can sense and react exactly like humans skin.B. It may be used to check the condition of bridges.C. It can make human beings live as long as they want.D. It will turn human beings into cyborgs that never die.15. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Electronic skin has a wide range of

43、applications.B. Hydrogel contributes to developing electronic skin.C. Attempts to develop electronic skin have fallen short.D. Smart electronic skin has been developed by scientists.【答案】12-15 ABBD【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了近来，科学家们经过多次尝试之后，终于研发出来和人类皮肤一样的智能电子皮肤了。12. 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Recently, according to Mirr

44、or, a smart electronic skin like it has been developed, which is as strong, stretchy and sensitive as humans.”可知，本句是文章主题，本句中代词it代指上文电影中的人物“一个生化人”，因此上文提到热门电影是为了引出本文的话题。故选A。13. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The previous sensor layer was too weak or too strong, reducing its durability, sensitivity or flexibility, wh

45、ich makes it more likely to break.”可知，使先前的尝试功亏一篑的是没有找到合适的感应层。故选B。14. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“While the first port of call is medical, the e-skin could benefit a wide range of products one day, such as monitoring the structural condition of furniture and planes.”可知，电子皮肤可能会被用来检测桥梁的情况。故选B。15. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“R

46、ecently, according to Mirror, a smart electronic skin like it has been developed, which is as strong, stretchy and sensitive as humans.”再结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲了科学家们近期研发出智能电子皮肤，并介绍了研发时所遇到的困难、突破和使用前景，所以D项“科学家们研发了智能电子皮肤”符合题意。故选D。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How Not to Be

47、AwkwardNot at all us are outgoing and ready to take the world by storm. _16_ This usually happens when a person is still in his or her teen years and going through the socialization process. So, what can a person do to overcome this tendency to be awkward? Lets try to find answers to the questions.S

48、tay in shape and dress up wellSometimes, awkwardness could be due to being overweight. When you are large in size, you tend to get very self-conscious. So, in order to avoid this, get into the habit of exercising every day. _17_ If you look as if you have just stepped out of a 1980s film when actual

49、ly it is 2011, there is no doubt that you are bound to feel awkward about yourself?Be optimisticAnother effective tip on how riot to feel awkward is to always keep a smile on your face. _18_ On the other hand, a smiling, happy and positive thinking person is appreciated by everybody. So, smile when

50、you meet acquaintances or even strangers, say a cheerful “Hi!” and automatically some of your awkwardness will disappear completely!Participate in team activitiesThis one really helps. Awkwardness generally develops when a person remains isolated from others. So, in order to change this situation, j

51、oin groups. _19_ Joining people in book reading sessions as well as debates will help remove your awkwardness. Choose any activity of your choice, such as playing team sports or joining a dance class, and soon you will find your comfort level around people increasing day by day!Develop your personal

52、ityBeing a book-worm or an Internet addict will not get you anywhere. For self-improvement, take up a hobby that adds meaning to your life. Learn singing or try adventure sports. _20_A. Learn how to end a conversation.B. Secondly, have appropriate clothes on.C. For instance, if you are a reading lov

53、er, join a book club.D. If you look sad, nobody will actually like being with you.E. Something as simple as listening to music will do wonders too.F. Many among us are shy and may even feel kept apart from others.G. Awkwardness could be because you do not have anything in common to talk about.【答案】16

54、-20 FBDCE【解析】本文是一篇说明文。怎样使自己不笨拙不尴尬，作者提出了几点建议，如保持体形注意穿着、乐观、参加团体活动、发展个性等。16. 根据前句“Not all of us are outgoing and ready to take the world by storm.”可知，并不是所有的人都很外向并愿意风靡世界，也就是说我们中有很多人比较害羞，不愿意和他人交往。下句“This usually happens when a person is still in his or her teen years and going through the socialization p

55、rocess.”告诉我们，这种情况通常发生在10几岁的时候，故F项“我们中的许多人都很害羞，甚至可能觉得和别人不一样。”符合上下文串联。故选F。17. 根据本段标题Stay in shape and dress up well可知，要想在人际交往中不尴尬，需要保持体形，并穿着打扮好，横线前句“So, in order to avoid this, get into the habit of exercising every day.”讲的是多锻炼保持体形，那么横线要填的句子就应该是与dress up well一致的含义。故选B。18. 根据标题Be optimistic(要乐观)可知，本段中心

56、思想就是要求我们要有乐观的心态。再看后一句“a smiling, happy and positive think person is appreciated by everybody.(一个面带微笑，开心并积极思考的人会受到他人的喜欢)”，也就是说如果总是不开心，不乐观面对一切，没有人会喜欢你。故D项“如果你看起来很悲伤，没有人会喜欢和你在一起。”符合上下文串联。故选D。19. 根据前一句“So, in order to change this situation, join groups.”可知，作者建议我们为了改变这一情况要参加某个小组。C项“For instance, if you a

57、re a reading lover, join a book club.(例如，如果你喜欢阅读，就参加读书俱乐部)”与上文一致。故选C。20. 根据本段第二句“For self-improvement, take up a hobby that adds meaning to your life.”可知，为了提高自己，要开始一个爱好，这个爱好可以给你的生活带来很大的意义。E项“Something as simple as listening to music will do wonders too.(有时候简单如听音乐这样的事情也会带来奇迹)”正是叙述个人爱好的影响。故选E。第二部分 英语知

58、识运用 （共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The ambulance driver Mr. Goodman, turned on his siren and flashing light, and started speeding towards the nearest hospital, fighting _21_ time. Inside were the _22_ parents, Mr. and Mrs. Black, the mother holding thei

59、r baby daughter, Marley. The little girl had some food _23_ in her throat and could hardly breathe. The _24_ ahead of him pulled out of the way _25_ Mr. Goodman drove through the busy traffic. From the back of the ambulance the parents were shouting at him to hurry, since Marley had almost stopped b

60、reathing. In front of him he saw some traffic lights, with the red “STOP” light shining. Mr. Goodman knew that he had no time to _26_, so he drove straight past the traffic lights.Coming towards him from his right was a taxi. The driver had the windows _27_, since the car was air-conditioned, and he