与现在完成时连用的时间状1

1、与现在完成时连用的时间状语现在完成时表示的是发生在过去，而与现在的情况有联系的动作，或者表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在而且可能继续持续下去的动作。与现在完成时连用的时间状语，在说明发生在过去而与现在情况有联系的动作时，有时显得难以确定，学生在使用这些时间状语时也容易出错。本文根据现在完成时的用法，将与其连用的时间状语做如下归纳。现在完成时说明的是现在的情况，因此不能和表示过去时间的状语（如yesterday ,l ast week , seven days ago , in 1986 -）连用。但是现在完成时可以和表示过去时间的副词just , before连用。例如：Ive just

2、done my homework .I have never lost a book before .二现在完成时可以和表示不确定的时间副词already , yet , never , ever连用。例如：have you forgotten already ？Have you found your ruler yet ?Ive never heard of that before .Have you / they ever made dumplings ?-No , I /we /they havent . 表示持续性动作的动词的现在完成时，经常和表示一段时间的状语连用。例如:Ive be

3、en here for just over two years .Ive worked here since 1989 .He has worked there since it opened in 1989 .现在完成时属于现在时态，因此可以和包括“现在”在内的时间状语连用。例如：Thats one thing I havet forgotten today ！Weve been in China for over two years now .不能变被动语态的情况种种一般来说，“及物动词+宾语”组成的主动语态的句子可以变成被动语态，但并不是所有这样的句子都可以变被动语态，情况如下：当宾语是

4、反身代词或是相互代词时，不能将主动句改为被动句，因为反身代词或相互代词不能作主语。We should help each other .-Each other should be helped by us .(误)They can teach themselves .-Themselves can be taught by them .(误)表示状态的动词不能变为被动语态。I have a story book .-A story book is had by me .(误)He lacks much money .-Much money is lacked by him .(误)当组织机构的

5、名词作宾语时，句子不能变被动语态。He joined the Party in 1980 .-The Party was joined in 1980 by him .（误）当宾语是行为者身上的某一器官或某一部位时，句子不能有被动语态。He shook his head again .-His head was shaken again by him .(误)I often put up my hand in class .-My hand is ofen put up in class by me .(误)当宾语是同源宾语时，句子不能有被动语态。He lives a happy life .

6、-A haapy life is lived by him .(误)He died a heroic death -A heroic death was died by him .(误)当宾语时表示地点的名词时，句子不能有被动语态。He reached Paris yesterday .-Paris was reached by him yesterday .(误)当谓语动词和宾语是一个不可分割的短语时，这样的句子没有被动语态。The boy made a face in class .-A face was made in class by him .(误)中招英语试题常考要点及举例Its

7、time for sth / to dosth意为“该做什末事情了”。time后面跟for+名词或者直接跟动词不定式。例如：Its time for class.Its time to do morning exercises .Its good / bad for sb / sth表示“对某人或某物有益或危害”的意思，介词for后面跟名词或代词。例如：Games are good for the health .Dont read in bed .Its bad for your eyes .would like to do sth意为“愿于做某事”；Id like sb to do sth

8、意为“我请某人做某事”。例如：I would like to play football this afternoon .I would like you to stay a little longer if you have time .It takes sb some time to do sth意为“做某事花费了某人多少时间”。it是形式主语，some time后面的动词不定式是真正的主语。例如：It takes him an hour to finish his homework every day .It took more than 100000 men twenty years

9、to biuld the great pyramid .keep+sth+adj。意为“是某物保持某种状态”；keep+sb+doing sth意为“是某人一直做某事”。例如：Please keep the room clean and tidy .Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long .neither nor意为“既不也不”。这是一个关联连接词，可以用来连接两个相同的句子成分。当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词应与第二个主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：He has neither money nor time .Neither I nor he be

10、lieves what she said .either - or-意为“或是或是”，“不是就是”，这也是个关联连接词，也可用来连接两个相同的句子成分，当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与第二个主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：Either you or he is right .You can study either Einglish or Russian .so- that -表示“如此以致”的意思。so后面接形容词或副词的原级，that引到结果状语从句。例如：It so fine a day that we can go swimming .I spoke so slowly that I

11、could make myself understood .too - to -意为“太而不能”。too后面接形容词或副词，再跟动词不定式，此结构具有否定意义。例如：Many stars are too far away to see .He spoke too quickly for me to understand .I dont think -意为“我认为不”。think后面跟否定含义的宾语从句时，否定形式通常前移到主句的谓语动词上去。例如：I dont think he is right .They dont think we can win the game .What about

12、-?意为“怎么样？”就某事提出建议。例如：What about having a game of table tennis ?The girl students will pick cotton . What about the boys ?Why not+动词原形？意为“为什么不？”这是一个省略句，表示向对方提出建议。例如：Why not have a try a second time ?Why not go for a walk ?prefer -to -表示“两种事物中更喜欢某一种”的意思，一般把更喜欢的事物放在动词prefer的后面，把作为比较的事物放在介词to的后面。例如：I prefer tea to coffee .He prefer walking to going by car .have sb do sth意为“是某人做某事”；have sb or sth doing意为“是某人或某物处于某种状态”。在这两个句型中，have 为使役动词，后面接复合宾语。注意在第一个句型中，宾语后面不带to的不定式做宾语补足语。例如