2021-2022学年山西省运城市芮城县高三第二次联考英语试卷含答案

1、2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1The Oxford English Dictionary is necessary for learning English，so youd better buy _AthisBthatCitDone2The lecture about 3D technology was very

2、interesting.Its a pity. How I wish I _ time to attend it.AhadBhaveChad hadDhave had3What do you think of Putin?He is an outstanding leader who _his reputation.Alooks out for Bcomes up withClives up to Dlooks forward to4The couple was initially looking forward to having an overseas wedding but had to

3、 drop the idea after facing _ from parents.ArecognitionBtolerationCoppositionDproportion5When on holidays, the railways put on trains to make peoples travel more convenient.AregularBspecialCparticularDunusual6Lucia impressed her peer students with her musical talent, as well as several foreign langu

4、ages _.Aon her ownBunder her controlCin her chargeDat her command7Can I have a day off tomorrow? I need to visit my grandma in the hospital._. I can manage without you.AForget it BOf courseCIt depends DIm afraid not8He always keeps an eye on shortcomings of his brothers _ refusing to admit his own m

5、istakes.Abut BwhileCalthough Dthough9The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ from butterflies to elephants.Ato rangeBrangeCrangingDranged10How long do you suppose it is _ he arrived and began to work there？AwhenBbeforeCafterDsince11Students are always interested in finding out _ they

6、 can go with a new teacher.Ahow farBhow soonChow oftenDhow long12Taking targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty, _has been predicted, is fruitful.Awhat BwhichCas Dthat13Different cultural features of ethnic groups are _ one another and work out a melodyAin tune withBin parall

7、el withCin contrast toDin response to14The old road is indeed less direct and a bit longer. We wont take the new one, _, as we dont feel safe on it.Asomehow Botherwise Ctherefore Dthough15He has no idea what the book is aboutHe have read it very carefullyAneedntBshouldntCcantDmustnt16A man can fail

8、many times, he is a real failure when he begins to blame someone else.Abut Bor Cand Dso17 I want to learn tennis. Would you like to help me? . But learning tennis is no walk in the park.ANo kidding BNo wonder CNo problem DNo way18Anna was in Inner Mongolia for two years, _ as a volunteer teacher.A h

9、aving worked B working C worked D to work19They have leading experts in this field, and thats _ theyve made important progress.A where B why C whether D who20We all agree that it is good to help those in need, but when _ comes to giving away our money, things become strange.AthatBthisCitDone第二部分 阅读理

10、解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） The critics top four books of 2018 are based on Christmas selections in national newspapers, the London Evening Standard, The TLS, The Spectator and the New Statesman.Normal People by Sally Rooney Faber 14.99Sally Rooneys debut novel, Conversations wit

11、h Friends, was one of last years most talked-about books. The response to the Irish writers follow-up has, if anything, been even more ecstatic. The 27-year-old was praised for her ability to convey subtle modulations of emotion. The novel was long listed for the Man Booker Prize but many felt that

12、it should have done better.Vietnam by Max Hastings William Collins 30This long-awaited historical blockbuster follows the Vietnam War over three decades. from the French “dirty war” of 194654 to Americas capitulation to the Vietcong in 1975. Hastings, who reported from the battlefield in Vietnam as

13、a young British journalist, was praised for his encyclopedic knowledge of the conflict.The Silence of the Girls by Pat Barker Hamish Hamilton 18.99Pat Barkers novel is a retelling of The lliad but with women at the heart of the action. The central character is Briseis, who appears only glancingly in

14、 Homers original. Best-known for her First World War Set Regeneration trilogy (1997). Barker, in her fifties, again focuses on the traumas of war. Reviewers praised the novels subversive energy even if it was judged conventional in places.A Certain Idea of France by Julian Jackson Allen Lane 35This

15、door-stopping biography by British historian Julian Jackson born in 1954 chronicles the life of Charles de Gaulle who is regarded as one of the greatest ever Frenchmen. While acknowledging that de Gaulle wasnt very likeable, Jackson salutes his imagination and boldness- qualities that helped him ste

16、er France through its liberation from the Nazis and the war in Algeria. Critics suggested it would become the standard biography.1、Which author of the four books is the youngest according to the text?ASally RooneyBMax HastingsCPat BarkerDJulian Jackson2、Which book may people who are interested in a

17、political leaders life choose?ANormal PeopleBVietnamCThe Silence of the GirlsDA Certain Idea of France3、What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo remember the four great novelists.BTo introduce the yearly top four novels.CTo encourage studies on the four novelsDTo promote the values of the

18、 four novelists22（8分）Sleep repairs the body and the mind and helps prevent disease by strengthening the immune system. However, many adults do not get eight hours of sleep each night. The average adult today gets only 6.4 hours of sleep. Only in recent years have health professionals begun to realiz

19、e the seriousness of sleep deprivation in the working population. A significant number of people work at night, work long hours, or suffer from sleeplessness or jet lag.Studies show that the brain is negatively affected by sleep deprivation because certain patterns of electrical and chemical activit

20、y that occur during sleep are interrupted and the brain cannot function normally. In one study, thirteen healthy adult subjects(实验对象) who usually had normal sleep patterns were kept awake and carefully monitored in a lab during a period of 35 hours. During the experiment, the subjects were asked to

21、perform several tasks, such as mathematics and word problems, while undergoing scans of their brain activity. The researchers found that the temporal lobe (颞叶) of the brain, the region involved in language processing, was active during speech tasks in rested subjects but not in subjects who lacked e

22、nough sleep. After several hours without sleep, there was no activity within this region.Several studies show that getting fewer than six hours of sleep can damage short-term memory and reaction timethus causing a serious risk of accident. In one study of drivers, researchers reported that sleep dep

23、rivation had the same effects as being drunk. They found that people who drove after being awake for 17 hours performed worse than those with a blood alcohol level of 0.5 percent, the legal limit for drunk driving in most western European countries. The researchers concluded that countries with drun

24、k driving laws should consider similar restrictions against sleep-deprived driving.1、The underlined word deprivation in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_.AweaknessBlossCdiscomfortDpain2、The passage mentions all of the following as causes of sleep deprivation EXCEPT_.Ajet lagBlong work ho

25、ursCboring workDworking at night3、The purpose of the study described in Paragraph 2 was to determine_.Ahow many hours people can survive without sleepBhow people react when their sleep is interruptedCthe changes in brain activity that occurs during sleepDthe effects of sleep deprivation on brain act

26、ivity4、Why does the author mention blood alcohol level in Paragraph 3?ATo show how sleep deprivation reduces the blood alcohol level.BTo show that sleep deprivation has the same dangerous effects as being drunk.CTo suggest that sleep-deprived drivers are also likely to drink.DTo argue against raisin

27、g the legal limit for drunk driving.23（8分） What will power your house in the future? Nuclear wind or solar power? According to scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) in the US, it might be artificial leaves.Natural leaves are able to change sunlight and water into energy. It is

28、 known asphotosynthesis(光合作用). Now researchers have found a way to imitate this process.The artificial leaf developed by Daniel Nocera and his colleagues at MIT can be seen as a specialsilicon chip withcatalysts(催化剂). Similar to natural leaves, it can split water into hydrogenand oxygen when put int

29、o a bucket of water. The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuelcell(电池), using those two materials to produce electricity, located either on top of a house or beside the house.Though the leaf is only about the shape of a poker card, scientists claimed that it is promising to be aninexpe

30、nsive source of electricity in developing countries. “One can imagine villages in India and Africa not long from now purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology” said an American scientist, Nocera.An artificial leaf is not a new idea. The first artificial leaf was invented i

31、n 1997 but was too expensiveand unstable for practical use. The new leaf, however, is made of cheap materials, easy to use and highly stable. In laboratory studies, Nocera showed that an artificial leaf could operatecontinuously for at least 45 hours.The wonderful improvements come from Noceras rece

32、nt discovery of several powerful new,inexpensive catalysts. These catalysts make the energytransformation inside the leaf moreefficient with water and sunlight. Right now the new leaf is about 10 times more effective at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural one. Besides, the device can run in w

33、hatever water is available.This is important for some countries that dont have access to pure water.Hopefully, each home could have access to the new application in the future.1、The purpose of this article is to _.Aintroduce a new kind of deviceBask people to do the researchCadvertise the new produc

34、tDshow the process of photosynthesis2、Which of the following is NOT the advantages of the new leaf?AIts low in cost.BIts small in size.CIt has a wonderful fuel cell.DIts convenient for people to use.3、What conclusion can be drawn from the text?ANocera thought the new leaf is expensive for developing

35、 countries.BVillages in Africa have benefited a lot from the new invention.CSilicon chip can help the new leaf work more effectively.DThe equipment doesnt necessarily operate in pure water.4、Whats the writers attitude towards the new device?ANegative.BOptimistic.CDoubtful.DUncertain.5、According to t

36、he text, what will take place in the future?ANatural leaves will take the place of artificial leaves.BScientists will develop more ways to produce energy.CThe new invention could be widely used in the future.DDeveloping countries will contribute more to the research.24（8分）Primary schools could be to

37、ld to remove some traditional subject-based lessons and replace them with “personal development” classes to encourage children to improve their social and practical skill. Parents, teachers and pupils, who took part in the investigation carried out for the biggest ever official review of the primary

38、 curriculum, argued that the number of subjects taught to very young people should be reduced. The review, being conducted by the governments schools director Sir Jim Rose, will consider how to redesign the primary school day to handle concerns that too many pupils leave primary school unable to rea

39、d, write and do maths at the level expected of them. It will also address criticisms that pupils are expected to study so many subjects there is little time for creative learning. The 60 focus groups brought together 1,500 parents, pupils and school staff and is expected to heavily influence the thi

40、nking of the Rose review, which the government is promising to back. Instead of a broad range of subjects, pupils should study in-depth literacy and maths lessons alongside a more creative curriculum that encourages pupils to develop personal, learning and thinking skills, they say. Such lessons mig

41、ht include “healthy lifestyles, sex and relationships education, drugs and alcohol education”. “Child and personal development as priorities have been shamefully neglected in recent years in the rush to hit targets in the basics.” John Bangs, head of education at the National Union of Teachers, said

42、, “The worst thing would be to evaluate child development through the current high stakes testing system. That would weaken the capacity of teachers to meet childrens unique needs.” However, the shadow schools minister, Nick Gibb, said, “If lessons on lifestyle are given the same status as tradition

43、al subjects, it is the most disadvantaged children who will be worst affected.” “Children are not able to personally develop and succeed in the future if they dont have a grasp of basic subjects such as maths and English early on in primary school. Removing high requirement from the primary curricul

44、um would increase the inequality gap between less well-off pupils and the rest.” Nick added. A spokeswoman for the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) said, “This is a summary of stake holders view, not the views of the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority or the DCSF, and has be

45、en submitted to Sir Jim Roses review as evidence to consider.”1、According to the focus groups, the result of learning too many subjects is most likely to be that _.Achildren may not have any freedomBchildren may not have enough time to pursue personal interestCchildren may not know anything outside

46、the classroomDchildren may not have creative ability2、Which of the following is False about the review conducted by Sir Jim Rose?AIt will greatly influence the countrys future primary curriculum.BTo complete it will take more time and efforts.CIt is supported by the Qualifications and Curriculum Aut

47、hority or the DCSF.DIt needs to take fully into account varied views from the society.3、John Bangss attitude towards the current high stakes testing system is _.Anegative Bpositive Cuncertain Dcautious4、According to Nick Gibb, grasp of basic subjects early on in primary school is important for _.Ath

48、e primary curriculum reform Bchildrens development in the futureClearning more basic knowledge Dincreasing the childrens confidence25（10分）In 2016, a team of Japanese scientists found bacteria capable of breaking down and “eating” one of the worlds most popular plastics-polyethylene terephthalate(PET

49、). It was valued as a potential breakthrough at the time. But a new discovery came as a team of British scientists examined an enzyme(酶) produced by the Japanese bacteria to find out more about its structure. While operating the structure to better understand how it worked, they accidentally created

50、 the changed enzyme thats even more efficient at breaking down plastic bottles.The researchers are now working to further improve the enzyme so it can be used on an industrial scale. Its possible that within the next few years there could be an industrially possible process for turning PET into othe

51、r substances so it can be recycled.The ability to scale up the process will be important. Plastic pollution is fast becoming one of the biggest environmental issues of our time. More than 1 million plastic bottles are bought around the world every minute. Most of these bottles are made from PET，whic

52、h can take up to00 years to biodegrade(生物降解), and many are left in the oceans. Over half of global PET waste is not collected for recycling and only 7 percent of bottles are recycled into new bottles.Some scientists say the breakthrough, though promising, is nowhere near enough to solve our pollutio

53、n crisis. These enzymes are not abundantly present in nature. So you would need to produce the enzyme first, then add it to the PET plastic to degrade it.”This is likely to be a slow process. If you have gone through the trouble of collecting the PET waste, then there are clearly far better ways to

54、recycle it or burn it for energy,” said Wim, head of the Industrial Biotechnology Center. He suggested the use of commercially available biodegradable bioplastics would still be a better bet.1、What unexpected discovery did the British scientists make?AAn effective way to deal with plastic waste.BA p

55、otential solution in collecting PET waste.CThe way to understand the structure of enzyme better.DThe real value of the discovery by Japanese scientists.2、What does the underlined phrase “the process” in Paragraph 3 actually refer to?AThe process to find the enzyme.BThe process to make more plastics.

56、CThe process to reduce the PET waste.DThe process to produce kind of new PET.3、What is the problem about recycling the PET waste?ALarge quantities of plastic bottles are used.BOcean plastic waste is harder to biodegradeCMost of the PET waste is left without treatment.DMost of the plastic products ar

57、e made from PET.4、What can be concluded from the last paragraph?AThe enzyme does not exist in nature.BThe enzyme has helped to solve the plastic problems.CBurning plastic waste for energy is now the best way to rid it.DWe have a long way to go to use the enzyme to recycle PET waste.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第

58、一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）A few summers ago my daughter and I were swimming in our pool. This day had been like most others, 1 I had no way of knowing that this one would 2 in our family history as a memory we 3 and still talk about from time to time.The sun

59、was setting and the night was 4 approaching. For the shallow end of our pool, my daughter 5 it first. Right about eye level, a spider was spinning her 6 by the pool. It 7 me that my daughter noticed this, and it surprised me even 8 that she wasnt afraid of the spider.Instead, she delightfully 9 as t

60、he spider busied herself in the cycle of life. as we both gazed at this 10 of nature, a very simple thought 11 me. I had lost track of time. I honestly didnt know 12 we had been just standing there and staring at that spider 13 her web. But, regardless of what ever amount of time had passed, the 14