人教版(新教材)高中英语选修2Unit 1　Science and Scientists课时作业5：Reading and Thinking-Comprehending

1、UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTSReading and Thinking-Comprehendingi .阅读理解ADear Editor,Please publish more articles about women scientists.Women scientists have made outstanding contributions to the world.These women make excellent role models.More young women may choose science as a profession if women

2、 read featured articles on female scientists like Marie Curie and Rachel Carson.Both women were encouraged to study science, and they both accomplished great things.With her fatherJ s encouragement, Marie Curie made the world a better place through her scientific accomplishments.She studied the emis

3、sion（放射）of rays from uranium（铀），a feature she called “radioactivity（放射性）”.Later, Curie and her husband, also a scientist, processed the mineral pitchblende before separating two radioactive elements（元素）. With this discovery, Marie Curie earned her doctorate, and shortly thereafter, both she and her

4、husband were awarded the 1903 Nobel Prize in physics.In 1911 Marie Curie won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for her work with the newly discovered elements; this work laid the foundation for X-rays and atomic physics.When Rachel Carson was young, her mother encouraged her to study nature.As an adult,

5、she became known as the mother of the modern environmental movement.After studying marine biology and zoology in college, Carson worked as a government scientist and wrote several books on how all living things relate to each other.In 1951 her book The Sea Around Us made scientific knowledge about t

6、he sea accessible to the general reader and remained on the best-seller list for eighty-six weeks.In 1962 Carson wrote Silent Spring, a book that helped lead to improvements in the use of chemical pesticides（农药）.Humans have benefited greatly from the work of Marie Curie and Rachel Carson.What if the

7、se women had not been encouraged to become scientists? I believe that we need to encourage young women to enter the field of science.With that goal in mind, 1 sincerely hope your magazine can publish more articles about the contributions that women take to science.Sincerely,Annie Bastien, Grade 7 Ca

8、pistrano Middle School 语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。作者在信中建议杂志编辑多刊登一些关于女性科学家的文 章，以鼓励更多女性从事科学事业。According to the text, Marie Curie .achieved success with her father s helpB separated two radioactive elements alonemade contributions to the study of X-rayswon the Nobel Prize twice with her husbandK答案cK解 析U细节理解题。由第二段最后

9、一句中的“this work laidatomic physics”可知，玛丽居里的工作为研究X射线和原子物理学奠定了基础。应选CoWhat can we learn about Rachel Carson?She was a physicist and chemist.Her books had a great influence on the public.She was inspired by her father to become a scientist.Her role as an environmentalist was rarely known by people.K答案BK解

10、析I细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后两句可知，雷切尔卡逊所著的两本书对群众都产生了很大的影响。应选B。What can we infer about the author?She aims to become a scientist.She likes reading and writing stories.She has a great interest in women scientists.She wants to publish articles in the magazine.K答案UcK解析推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句可知，作者对女性科学家的故事很感兴趣。应选c。BBrian Gre

11、ene, a professor of physics and mathematics at Columbia University, has created an online science education platform.He tries to ubuild a bridgev with things you know about, and then ubring you across that bridge to the strange place of modern physics” .Recently I had a chance to ask Greene about wo

12、rmholes (a hole which some scientists think might exist, connecting parts of space and time that are not usually connected), time travel and other mysteries of the universe.I asked him a million-dollar question： What if I went through a wormhole and prevented my parents from meeting? ” Most of us be

13、lieve that the universe makes sense, “ Greene said. Although there are several interesting theories about time travel, “ he added, “the laws of physics would probably prevent something so illogical（不合逻辑的）from taking place.The good news is that the time paradox（悖论）is open for future physicists to sol

14、ve. ”When asked how physics could become more exciting for kids, Greene said that books by Stephen Weinberg, Leonard Susskind, and other physicists, “make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but aren t yet ready, perhaps, to learn math. ”When I pointed out that some students

15、 still might find physics boring, Greene said that the key is to teach them about things that are strange. The basic stuff is important, “ Greene said. But I think it s really important to also describe the more modern ideas, things like black holes and the Big Bang.If kids have those ideas in mind,

16、 then at least some of them will be excited to learn all the details.vGreene has followed Albert Einstein s lead in trying to solve the mysteries of the universe.Now he wants kids to do the same.As Greene said, physics is “not just a matter of solving problems in an exam” . It s about experimenting,

17、 showing an interest in strange phenomena（现象）一and having fun!语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。物理学家Brian Greene希望更多的孩子对现代物理学感兴趣。A million-dollar question in Paragraph 2 is probably very .A. directB. difficultpersonalD. longk答案U BK解析U 推理判断题。根据第二段Greene对这个问题的解释以及他说需要未来的物理学 家去解决可知，作者提出的这个问题非常难。5 . The books by Weinberg an

18、d Susskind .A. are boring to readB are mainly about mathC. are popular science booksare only popular among kidsk答案cK解析U 推理判断题。根据第三段的 u.books by. make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but aren t yet ready, perhaps, to learn math.? ”可知，Greene 认为Weinberg和Susskind写的书浅显易懂，适合普通

19、群众阅读，故这些书属于流行的科普 读物。According to Paragraph 4, which of the following does Greene agree with?A. Modern physics is a boring subject.B Interest plays an important role in studying.C. It is not necessary to learn all about physics.D. It is easy to describe black holes and the Big Bang.K答案BK解 析U 推理判断题。根据

20、第四段可知，当作者指出一些学生觉得物理无聊时，Greene 说重要的是向孩子们讲述一些稀奇古怪的事，并描述一些诸如黑洞和宇宙大爆炸等现代物理 思想，如果孩子们知道了这些，他们就愿意了解更多详细的内容。因此他认为兴趣在学习过 程中起着非常重要的作用。In the last paragraph, Greene hopes that .kids can love science and physicskids can do well in physics examskids can have fun with experimentskids can find more strange things

21、in lifeK答案AK解 析 推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，Greene希望孩子们可以像他一样对科 学和物理感兴趣，去探索宇宙的奥秘。CStephen Hawking, the most outstanding physicist of his time, has passed away at the age of 76.A family spokesman said Hawking died peacefully early Wednesday at his home in Cambridge, England.Hawking was known worldwide for work

22、ing to explain subjects like the beginning of the universe and the complexity of black holes.He was diagnosed with a disease called ALS at age 21.At the time, doctors predicted he would only live a few years.But he proved them wrong by surviving for more than 50 years and continuing his scientific w

23、ork.In his 2013 book, My Brief History Hawking wrote about his first learning of the illness, “I felt it was very unfair-why should this happen to me? ” He added, “At the time, I thought my life was over and that I would never realize the potential I felt I had.But now,50 years later, I can be quite

24、 satisfied with my life. ”A sign of his being admired came in October 2017, when Cambridge put Hawking s 1966 thesis on the Internet for the first time.Demand for the thesis was so high that it caused the university s website to go down.Hawking said the belief in God who intervenes（介入）in the univers

25、e “to make sure the good guys win or get rewarded in the next lifev was wishful thinking. But one can t help asking the question: Why does the universe exist? ” he said in 1991. “I don, t know how to give the answer.And it bothers me.”Hawking subscribed to human space travel to the Moon and Mars. We

26、 are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds.lt is time to explore other solar systems.Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves! am convinced that humans need to leave the Earth, “ he said.语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。著名物理学家霍金去世了，享年76岁。文章简要陈述了 和他相关的内容，比方他的病、他的书、他

27、的物理观点等。8 . What is Hawking s attitude towards life when just diagnosed with ALS?A. Hopeless.B. Optimistic.C. Disappointed.D. Confident.K答案I AK解 析I推理判断题。根据文章第三段前两句可推测霍金在刚知道自己得了这种病时是很绝望的，感觉自己的人生已经结束了。应选AoWhy is Hawking in favor of human space travel to other solar systems?A. Because we have used up al

28、l space.B Because we have explored the Moon and Mars for a long time.C. Because it can help spread the human race beyond the Earth.D. Because it is a way to save the Earth.K答案cK解 析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知霍金支持人类到月球和火星旅行是因为它们有助于使人类分散到地球以外。应选CoWhat can be a suitable title for the text?A. Stephen Hawking Is Rec

29、ognized for His Research on Black HolesB Stephen Hawking Supports Human Space TravelStephen Hawking Is a Worldwide Famous PhysicistFamous Physicist Stephen Hawking Died at 76K答案X DK解 析I 标题归纳题。根据文章结构可知，这是一那么新闻，第一段是新闻的导语，即文 章的主要内容。根据文章第一段前两句可知本文主要讲述著名物理学家霍金在76岁去世。 应选DoH.七选五How to Succeed in ScienceTo

30、succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck.In my view, you have to combine intelligence with a willingness not to follow conventions when they block your forward path.Thus, these have come to be my rules for success.That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people w

31、ho are brighter than you.It? s like playing any game.Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was.If you win, it gives you no pleasure.And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn, t simply to win; it s to win at something really difficult. 2Take risk

32、s.To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble.If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. 3 This can be more than personally upsetting.Never do anything that bores you.My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leaves you alone.r m not good enough to do well in something I dislike. 4It s very hard to succeed if you don t want to be with other scientists, because you have to go to key meetings where you spot key facts that w