不规则动词的各种变化

1、不规则动词过去式和过去分词A. 原型、过去式和过去分词 完全不同（30个）drink-drank-drunk（喝） ring-rang-rung（响） swim-swam-swum（游泳）sing-sang-sung（唱） sink-sank-sunk（下沉） blow-blew-blown（刮风）grow-grew-grown（生长）know-knew-known（知道） fly -flew-flown（飞）take-took-taken（带走 shake-shook-shaken（摇动）drive-drove-driven（驾驶）write-wrote-written（写） rise-ro

2、se-risen（升起） ride-rode-ridden（骑）speak-spoke-spoken（讲）steal-stole-stolen(偷) break-broke-broken（打破） wake-woke-woken醒来 freeze-froze-frozen结冰 forget-forgot-forgotten(忘记) choose-chose-chosen（选择） draw-drew-drawn（画画） eat-ate-eaten（吃） fall-fell-fallen（下落） give-gave-given（给） hide-hid-hidden（隐藏）see-saw-seen（看

3、到） do-did-done（做） go-went-gone(去)B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同（39个）bring-brought-brought（带来） think-thought-thought（认为） fight-fought-fought（打架） buy-bought-bought（买） catch-caught-caught（抓住） sell-sold-sold（卖）tell-told-told（告诉） say-said-said（说） pay-paid-paid（花费，付出）send-sent-sent发送 lend-lent-lent借出 spend-spent-spent（花

4、费、度过）burn-burnt-burnt燃烧 learn-learnt-learnt学习 mean-meant-meant意味着 feel-felt-felt（感觉） smell-smelt-smelt（闻起来） sleep-slept-slept(睡觉)sweep-slept-slept扫地 leave-left-left离开 build-built-built建造lose-lost-lost（丢失） get-got-got（得到、变得） meet-met-met（碰到）sit-sat-sat（坐） shoot-shot-shot （射击） lead-led-led （领导）spit-sp

5、at-spat（吐痰） have-had-had（有） hold-held-held （举行）make-made-made制造 stand-stood-stood站 understand-understood-understood理解find-found-found（发现） dig-dug-dug（挖） shine-shone-shone（闪烁）hear-heard-heard（听到） win-won-won（获胜） hang-hung -hung（悬挂）C.原型与过去分词相同（3个）come-came-come （来） run-ran-run（跑） become-became-become（

6、变）D.原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同（8个）cost-cost-cost （花费、值） cut-cut-cut（砍） put-put-put（放）let-let-let （让） set-set-set（设置） hit-hit-hit（打）shut-shut-shut（关掉） hurt-hurt-hurt(伤害) E.易混的（3个） lie-lied-lied 说谎 lie-lay-lain 躺下，位于，平放 lay-laid-laid 置放以下的动词的ING形式需要双写getting putting swimming running beginning digging getting sit

7、ting stopping不规则动词变化规律动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义1.无变化的动词digdugdugcutcutcutfindfoundfoundletletletunderstandunderstoodunderstoodhithithitgetgotgotcostcostcostsitsatsathurthurthurtspoilspoiltspoiltreadreadreadhas/havehadhad2.现在式与过去式相同sellsoldsoldbeatbeatbeatenhanghangedhanged3.现在式与过去分词相同hunghu

8、ngcomecamecomehearheardheardbecomebecamebecomemakemademaderunranrunpaypaidpaid4.过去式与过去分词相同saysaidsaiddt或在n后加tlaylaidlaidbuildbuiltbuiltloselostlostlendlentlentshineshoneshonesendsendsendshinedshinedspendspendspendwinwonwonburnburntburntshootshotshotburnedburned5.过去式,过去分词原形不同learnlearntlearnt元音字母iaul

9、earnedlearnedsingsangsung变为ought或 aughtringrangrangbuyboughtboughtbeginbeganbegunbringbroughtbroughtdrinkdrankdrunkthinkthoughtthoughtswimswamswumfightfoughtfoughtsinksanksunkcatchcaughtcaught过去式为ew 过去分词为wnteachtaughttaughtdrawdrewdrawneep变为 ept 或分词含有 /e/knowknoewknownkeepkeptkeptthrowthrewthrownsle

10、epsleptsleptblowblewblownsweepsweptsweptgrowgrewgrownleaveleftleftI 的变化smellsmeltsmeltdrivedrovedrivensmelledsmelledriseroserisenholdheldheldrideroderiddenfeelfeltfeltwritewrotewrittengivegave其他seesawseenwakewokewokentaketooktakenchoosechosechosenfallfellfallenforgetforgotforgottenfreezefrozefrozenl

11、ielaylain躺,放置showshewshownliebreakbrokebrokenwearworewornspeakspokespokengowentgone动词的三种变化规律原形加s加ing加ed附加单词一般joinjoinsjoiningjoined词尾-shfinishfinishesfinishingfinished词尾-chreachreachesreachingreached词尾s(s)passpassespassingpassed词尾-ogogoesgoing词尾-ofixfixesfixingfixed词尾-edancedancesdancingdanced词尾-iet

12、ietiestyingtied词尾辅音字母+ycrycriescryingcried单音节,词尾单辅音字母stopstopsstoppingstopped双音节,后重读,尾单辅音preferpreferspreferringpreferredbeginbeginsbeginning词尾-picnicpicnicspicnickingpicnicked直接加ing 的词:see ,agree, disagree, dye, knee, age四个词尾辅音字母双写的词:hiccup, program, kidnap, worship十组常见的同义词近义词练习 选择所给词的适当形式填空 other

13、/ the other / others / the others / another1, -Sorry,Sir,We havent got that kind of shoes. -Thats all right.Can you show me _ kind?2, I have two brothers. One is a teacher,_ is a farmer.3, Some boys are from America,_are from Germany. cost / take / spend / pay1, The book_ her about 30 yuan.2, She _

14、all her money on that tall building in her thirties.3, It _ him half an hour to finish his homework every day. talk / speak / say / tell1, The woman often get together to _ about their family.2, His mother _ nothing but left with his little sick for the nearest hospital in a hurry.3, That Russian ca

15、n hardly _ any Chinese. dress / put on / wear / be in1, Mr. Smiths daughter is too young to _ herself.2, Today she _ a beautiful coat and looks quite nice.3, After hearing the terrible noise, the little girl stood up, _ her wrm sweater and ran away. watch / see / look / read1, They _ a wonderful foo

16、tball match for a long time last night.2, _ ! Those teenagers _ newspapers so carefully.3, The boy kooked at the blackboard but didnt _ anything.There must be something wong with his eyes. like / enjoy / prefer /love1, The Frenchmam fell in _ with Jiouzaigou,and they decided to stay there for al lon

17、ger time.2, I _ watching TV to going fishing with you.3, They _ thenselves at Jinas birthday party last night. because / since / as / for1, _ it was late，I had to go.2, Li Ming must be ill, _ he didnt come today3, -Why didnt you come yesterday? -_ a little accident happened to me. sometimes / someti

18、me / some time / some times 1, I will go and see you _ next week. 2, _ they just say nothing but sit under the tree.3, It may take you _ to do that work,but it is rewarding. few / a few / little / a little 1, He has _ friends here, so he feels lonely. 2, Tom, theres _ milk left in the fridge, please

19、 go and get some. 3, Although he knows _ English , he d like to talk with that Englishman in it. too much / much too / too many 1, There are _ people, so youd better not go there. 2, The elephant is_ heavy, we cant move it. 3, Eating _ is bad for your health.参考答案 1 ,another 2 ,the other 3 ,others 1

20、,costs 2, spent 3, takes 1,talk 2, said 3,speak 1,dress 2, wears / is in 3, put on 1,watched 2, Look, are reading 3,see 1,love 2,prefer 3, enjoyed 1,Since 2,for 3, Because 1,sometime 2,sometimes 3,sime time 1,few 2, little 3, a little 1,too many 2, much too 3, too much初中英语常用词组复习1.初中英语教材中共出现近500个词组，其

21、中有一部分为常用词组，要求能熟练运用。 2.在学习中，要注意词组的积累，特别要注意介词词组和短语动词的积累。 3.对固定词组的意义，切不可望文生义。例如，动词look愿意为“看”，但look after意为“照料”，look up (a word in a dictionary)意为“(在词典中)查找(单词)”。 4.要十分注意固定词组中冠词的使用。有时冠词可引起词义的变化，例如，go the school意为“上学”，而go to the school意为“到学校里去”；take place意为“发生”，而take the place意为“取代”。有些词组中须用冠词，而另一些则不用。例如，i

22、n the evening, at night。一、动词词组(包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组 (一)由be构成的词组 1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出 2)be at home/work 在家/上班 3)be good at 善于，擅长于 4)be careful of 当心，注意，仔细 5)be covered with 被复盖 6)be ready for 为作好准备 7)be surprised (at) 对感到惊讶 8)be interested in 对感到举 9)be born 出生 10)be on 在进行，在上演， （灯）亮着 11)be able to

23、do sth. 能够做/P12)be afraid of (to do sth. that) 害怕(不敢做，恐怕) 13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气 14)be pleased (with) 对感到高兴(满意) 15)be famous for 以而著名 16)be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求 17)be from 来自，什么地方人 18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了 19)be worried 担忧 20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做 21)be covered with

24、 被所覆盖 22)be in (great) need of (很)需要 23)be in trouble 处于困境中 24)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做 25)be late for 迟到 26)be made of (from) 由制成 27)be satisfied with 对感到满意 28)be free 空闲的，有空 29)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床 30)be busy doing (with) 忙于做(忙于)(二)由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、looke、put、set、send、take、tu

25、rn、play等动词构成的词组/P1)come back 回来 2)come down 下来 3)come in 进入，进来 4)come on 快，走吧，跟我来 5)come out出来 6)come out of 从出来 7)come up 上来 8)come from 来自 9)do ones lessons/homework 做功课/回家作业 10)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读 11)do ones best 尽力 12)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜，读点书，大扫除) 13

26、)do a good deed (good deeds)做一件好事(做好事)14)do morning exercises 做早操15)do eye exercises 做眼保健操16)do well in 在某方面干得好17)get up 起身18)get everything ready 把一切都准备好19)get ready for (=be ready for) 为作好准备20)get on (well) with 与相处(融洽)21)get back 返回22)get rid of 除掉，去除23)get in 进入，收集24)get on/off 上/下车25)get to 到达

27、26)get there 到达那里27)give sb. a call 给打电话28)give a talk 作报告29)give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会)30)give back 归还，送回31)givesome advice on 给一些忠告32)give lessons to 给上课33)give in 屈服34)give up 放弃35)give sb. a chance 给一次机会36)give a message to 给一个口信37)go ahead 先走，向前走，去吧，干吧38)go to the cinema 看电影39)

28、go go bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)40)go to school (college) 上学(上大学)41)go to (the) hospital 去医院看病42)go over 过一遍，复习/ go over to 朝走去 43)go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东44)go home (there) 回家去(去那儿)45)go round 顺便去，绕道走46)go up 上去47)go out for a walk 外出散步48)go on (doing) 继续(做)49)go on with one

29、s work 继续某人的工作50)go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼51)(the lights) go out (灯)熄了52)have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting 上课/开会53)have a football match (basketball match) 举行一场足球(蓝球)赛54)have dictation 听见55)have a try 试一试56)have a good/wonderful time 玩得很高兴57)have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座(听钢琴音乐会)58)have a re

30、port (talk) on 听一个关于的报告59)have a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝一杯水，(一杯茶)60)have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭61)have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭(三餐饭)62)have a dinner 吃正餐63)have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶64)have (have got) a headache 头痛65)have a fever 发烧66)have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒)/P6

31、7)have a look (at) 看一看68)have a rest (a break) 休息一会儿(工间或课间休息)69)have a talk 谈话70)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步71)have sports 进行体育锻炼72)have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会73)have something done 让人(请人)做74)have a test/an exam 测验/考试75)have an idea 有了个主意76)had better do sth. (not do sth.) 最好做(最好不要做)77)have a word

32、with 与谈几句话78)help sb. with sth. help sb. do sth. 在方面帮助 帮助做79)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉80)help each other 互相帮助81)keep up with 跟上，不落后于82)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静83)keep sb. doing sth. 使一直做84)keep ones diary 记日记85)make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂，响声)86)m

33、ake a living 谋生/P87)make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做88)make faces (a face)做鬼脸89)make friends (with)与交朋友90)make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误91)make room/space for 给腾出地方92)make a sentence (sentences)with 用造句93)make a fire 生火94)be made from/of 由制成95)be made in 在地方制造96)look out of (outside) 往外看(看外面)97)look up a word (

34、in the dictionary) 查字典98)look up 往上看，仰望99)look after 照管，照看，照顾100)look for 寻找101)look like 看上去像102)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑103)look out 当心，小心104)look on as 把当作看待105)look around 朝四周看106)look at 看着107)put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)，上演(戏剧)108)put up 建造，搭起，挂起，举起，张帖109)put into 使进入，输入110)put one

35、s heart into 全神贯注于111)putdown 把放下/P112)putinto 把译成113)set up 竖起，建起114)set off 出发，动身115)set out 出发116)set an example for 为树立榜样117)send for 派人去请(叫)118)send out 放出，发出119)end up 把往上送，发射120)take ones advice 听从某人劝告121)take out 拿出，取出122)take down 拿下123)take place 发生124)take ones place 坐的座位，代替某人职务125)take t

36、he place of 代替126)take a walk/rest 散步/休息127)take it easy 别紧张128)take sth.with sb. 随身带着129)take sb. to a park/London for ones holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假130)take care of 关心，照顾，保管131)take a look (a last look) at 看一看(最后看一眼)132)take an exam 参加考试133)take away 拿走134)take back 收回，带回135)take hold of 抓住136)take off

37、 脱下(衣，帽，鞋等)拿掉137)take (an active) part in (积极)参加(活动138)take photos 拍照 139)take some medicine 服药140)take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车，火车/船141)turn on 开，旋开(电灯，收音机等)142)turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等)143)turn in 交出，上交144)turninto 变成145)turn to 翻到，转向146)turn down (把音量)调低147)turnover 把翻过来148)play basketball 打篮球，footbal

38、l 踢足球，volleyball 打排球 149)play games 做游戏150)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴)151)play with snow 玩雪152)play a joke (on) 对开玩笑(三)由其他动词构成的词组153)think over 仔细考虑154)arrive at/in a place 到达某处155)eat up 吃完，吃光156)do well in 在干得好157)enjoy doing sth. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 喜欢干某事158)find out 发现，查出(真相等)159)fin

39、ish off 吃完，喝完160)stop doing sth. 停止做某事161)stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事162)hold a meting 举行会议163)hold up 举起164)hurry up 赶快，快点165)enter for 报名参加166)langht at 嘲笑167)be used to 习惯于168)used to 过去常常169)wakeup 唤醒170)work out 算出 二、动词短语、介词短语和其他词组 1)ask for 向要，请求2)ask for leave 请假3)send for 派人去请(叫)4)pay for 付的款5)w

40、ait for 等候6)thank for 为感谢7)apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉8)look for 寻找9)leavefor 离开去10)fall off 跌落11)catch cold 着凉，伤风12)catch up with 赶上13)agree with sb. 赞成，同意某人的意见14)filledwith 把装满/P15)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事16)talk about 谈论17)think about 考虑18)worry about 担忧19)look after 照料20)run after 追赶，跟在

41、后面跑21)read after 跟读22)smile at 对微笑23)knock at 敲(门、窗)24)shout at 对大喊(嚷)25)throw away 扔掉26)work hard at 努力做27)wait in line 排队等候28)changeinto 变成29)hurry into 匆忙进入30)run into 跑进31)hear of 听说32)think of 认为，考虑33)catch hold of 抓住34)instead of 代替35)hand in 交上来36)stay in bed 卧病在床37)hear from 收到来信38)at once 立

42、刻39)at last 最后40)at first 起先，首先41)at the age of 在岁时 /P42)at the end of 在之末 43)at the beginning of 在之初44)at the foot of 在脚下/P45)at the same time 同时46)at night/noon 在夜里/中午47)with ones help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助48)with the help of 在的帮助下49)with a smile 面带笑容50)with ones own eyes 亲眼看见51)after a while 过了一会儿52)fr

43、om now on 从现在起 53)from then on 从那时起54)far example 例如55)far away from 远离56)from morning till night 从早到晚57)by and by 不久58)by air mail 寄航空邮件59)by ordinary mail 寄平信60)by the way 顺便说61)by the window 在窗边62)by the end of 到底为止63)little by little 逐渐地64)in all 总共65)in fact 事实上66)in ones twenties 在某人二十几岁时67)in