临界生辅导课件（杨华新原版）

1、Tutor:杨华新临界生的学法指导请看以下的完形填空，找出答案的线索词以及命题规律命题解析：2011完形填空第一段：It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The argument is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by learning situations that are

2、designed for the average children.原词关联首句不设空反义关联语义场关联命题解析：2011完形填空（第二段）There can be little doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However, to take these children out of the regular classes may create serious problems.special cl

3、asses（第一段）原词关联原词关联命题解析：2011完形填空（第三段）I observed a number of intelligent children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a regular class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying heavily on their teachers directions. In the regular class, having

4、no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect voluntarily on many problems, some of which were not on the school program.gifted children（第二段）因果关系修饰关联近义关联原词关联命题解析：2011完形填空（第四段）Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest in learning. However, this concern is more often fr

5、om parents and teachers than from students, and some of these adults simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are talented. Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they feel so goes far beyond the work they have in school. Studies have shown that to be bored is t

6、o be anxious. The gifted child who is bored is an anxious child. 原词关联原词关联上下义关联原词关联近义关联原词关联考点总结：显性线索（11个）：原词关联:1.argument-argue5. children-children10/14. feel bored-feel bored11. concerned-concern近义关联6.intelligent-gifted上下义关联12.adults-parents and teachers4.special-special7.regular-regular15. anxious-

7、anxious13.talented-gifted隐性线索（3个）语义场关联 2. learning- classes反义关联 3. average- gifted修饰关联 8. relying heavily on showed little ability逻辑关系（1个）：因果关系 9. reflect voluntarily on- having no worry about命题原则 首句不设空； 逻辑链上挖空（原文中有线索词提示）； 选项设计：同一词类、同一语法形式； 空与空之间须间隔一个动词。语法填空填空：命题设计与设题训练语法填空命题原则总结：体裁多以 _ 为主；首句_； 命题方式

8、：_、_、_。记叙文不设空用给出的动词解题纯空格试题词类转换题给出动词纯空格题词类转换 形容词给出词题连词介词代词冠词副词构词法动词Today I went to the hospital to visit a friend in the ICU (重症监护室). Before that, I stopped at a gift shop and got some flowers him. When I intended to go into the ICU, the nurse told me that flowers to be brought in there. I had no cho

9、ice but to leave them on the counter, feeling really .for1. _were forbidden2. _(forbid)disappointed3. _(disappoint)AAfter my visit, I took the flowers and headed for the lift. I saw woman leaning against the wall. It seemed that she was lost in and had been crying. I asked she was okay. She sighed a

10、nd told me that people there tended not to give any comfort and that they were too busy lives. a4. _sadness5. _(sad)if/whether6. _saving7. _(save)We chatted for a minute and I kept wondering the lift was taking so long. Then I realizedI was meant to be there with her at moment. I handed the flowers

11、to her and comforted her. I patted her on the shoulder and told her to take care of . Her face positively lit up and tears came to her eyes as she thanked me.why8. _that9. _herself10. _B设空提示：2个动词，2个代词，1个冠词， 2个连词，1个介词，1个构词法， 1个副词Conclusions名词前面一般填冠词或代词(包括形容词性物主代词和指示代词)；不可数名词前不能直接用定冠词a或者an。在词性转换中，充当定语

12、或者表语的时候大多用形容词(包括被形容词化的过去分词，如上文出现disappointed。在纯空格中充当主语或宾语的话肯定是填代词。副词修饰动词，形容词，副词或者句子。 conclusions5. 介词后面跟宾语，也就是说介词后填代词，名词或者动名词。6. 冠词后面可跟名词，the后还有可能填形容词的最高级。7. and连接两个/几个并列的成分，前后的形式和词性是一致的，要么都是动词，要么都是形容词，要么都是动名词。给出的两个动词中，一般是一个充当谓语动词，另一个充当非谓语。纯空格只能填1个单词。 词性句中的成分句中位置名词(动名词)形容词副词动词主语 宾语在冠词、形容词，形容词性物主代词及s

13、ome, any, other等后定语表语补语名词前，宾语后（宾补），系动词后状语动词前后；形容词或副词前；句首谓语主语后及物动词或介词后 conclusions做语法填空时，一定要学会判断：考何语法；作何成分；填何词性/形式 阅读理解推理判断题 主旨大意题六大策略事实细节题猜测词义题 篇章结构题意图态度题题型分析与解题策略事实细节题 *六大信息（时间、地点、人物、因果、方式、事件）推理判断题 *常见考点（预测未知、出处来源、目标读者、文段作用、文段上下文）猜测词义题 * 构词法（派生发、合成法、转化法） * 语境法（释义或举例词语、对比类比转折词、因果关系、上下文）意图态度题 * 写作意图（

14、记叙文、议论文、说明文、广告类应用文） * 作者观点（显性观点、隐性观点、流行性大众化观点）主旨大意题 *主题句（主题、中心思想） *主题句的位置与隐含（段首、段尾、段中、隐含）篇章结构题 *起承转合 *文体结构（记叙文、说明文、议论文、夹叙夹议）做阅读时先读原文还是先看问题？ Its up to you. You can try both methods to see which is more efficient. 信息匹配解题策略：1）略读&查读；2）倒读&顺读。信息匹配Tips:1）先读内容(信息量)较少的那方。2）把关键词划出来。3）找对应项(同义词/重现词)信息匹配Key word

15、s:46. heroes, instructive 47. tales, challenges48. politics and wars, strange and surprising about America49. stories and poems, virtues50. stories and poems, virtues, graduation or other special occasion基础写作解题五大聚焦词汇拼写（常用词汇及词形转换规律）基本句型（五个基本句型，由简入繁）两种从句（定语从句、名词性从句）文体分析（记叙文、说明文）文体分析（议论文、应用文）Tips: 议论文和

16、说明文要用一般现在时，记叙文要用一般过去时。五句话里面最好三长两短。Warming Up基本句型结构S+V+P主语 + 系动词 + 表语S+V主语 + 谓语 S+V+O主语 + 谓语 + 宾语S+V+Oi+Od主语 + 谓语 + 双宾语 (间接宾语 + 直接宾语)S+V+O+Oc主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语读写任务六大聚焦抓实义词，选关键词（主语、谓语、形容词、文体、概要句型模板）状从复合句（时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方式、比较）特殊句型（强调句、倒装句、感叹句、it句型、with复合结构、独立主格结构、非谓语结构）衔接和连接词（递进、转折对比、结果、时间、顺序、总

17、结、列举说明、陈述事实、解释说明）夹叙夹议（举例叙述、发表意见、列举做法、句型模板）标点符号（顿号、书名号、句号、省略号、冒号、破折号、语法标点）Exemplifying in Skills说明文和新闻报道记叙文议论文中心句(通常在首段) 抓好关键词现象分析型说明文: “现象” “现象形成原因” “解决问题的方法或建议” “五何”: 何时 (when), 何地 (where), 何人 (who), 何事 (what) ,结果如何 (how) 夹叙夹议型: 加上作者的看法或感想等 以第三人称或无人称来概括找出中心论点以及最后的结论， 再补充论据针对不同文体写短文概要Exemplifying in

18、 Skills阅读时划出每一句的主语 谁 主语谓语形容词短文中出现最多的主语名词，通常就是大意句的主语。“干什么” “怎么样”观点和态度关键词的分类褒：赞成 or 肯定贬：反对 or 否定Exemplifying in Skills概要句型模板1. According to the passage, we know that. From the passage, we can know that.2. In this passage, the writer / author states / thinks / argues / discusses that.3. In this passage

19、, the writer/author tells us about.4. The story / passage is about.5. The story / passage mainly tells us that.6. Its reported that. As is reported in the passage, .记叙文举例子或者经历时要注意：举例要贴切、典型，最好不要老生常谈例子的时态:用一般过去时不要写废话，每一句话都是有用的；例子完整即可，避免细节。结尾（点睛之笔，升华主题）: 例如: 一件让你感到尴尬 结尾就可以写：学会了什么/ 得出什么教训或者结论等。记叙文第二段过渡衔

20、接要自然，常用的过渡句有：I have a similar experience.The same thing happened to me last year.After reading the passage, I cant help thinking of my own experience.The story reminds me of a similar experience of my own.The story sets me thinking and I am lost in thought. I remember there was a time when 议论文的复习：第二

21、段要开门见山。如：In my opinion / In my view, I am in favor of the writers viewpoints. I cant agree more with the writer. 我对作者的观点同意不过了。Personally speaking, I disagree with what is mentioned in the passage.论证要分明：My opinions are as follows. / The following are my opinions.First of all / to begin with / First a

22、nd foremostAnother reason is that / Besides,Last but not least,All in all, 如何高效地复习单词(词组)1. 根据单词的发音，如：environment, pronunciation, destination2. 根据构词法，如：unemployment, unselfishly 3. 根据同义词 如，look after, take care of ,care for 等都可表示“照顾”之意，look for, search for, hunt for有“寻找”，set up, found, establish, construct等都表“创建/构建”之意。4. 根据反义词：如，encourage-discourage 如何高效地复习单词(词组)5. 根据形似来记忆，如：quiet / quite, composition / competition, inquire / require 6. 根据相同的用法，如：后面常接不定式的动词有want, wish, hope, expect, intend, mean, agr