奶牛铁器病(创伤性网胃腹膜炎)

1、奶牛铁器病（创伤性网胃腹膜炎）Hardware Disease in Cows (Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis)Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt Translated by Dr. Ren Xiaoling 病因/发病机理 Cause & Pathogenesis如果有金属或铁钉混杂在饲料中，牛会不加选择地吃掉 Cows are indiscriminate eaters and if wire or nails in the feed, they will eat them这些异物（FB）进入网胃随着网胃的收缩，会穿透网胃壁 The for

2、eign body (FB) falls into the reticulum and with contraction of the reticulum; the FB penetrates the wall of the reticulum网胃穿孔可引起局限性或弥漫性腹膜炎，导致大面积的脓肿 Leakage can cause localized or diffuse peritonitis and result in tract abscesses这些异物偶尔也可以穿透肝脏进入心包 The FB can penetrate the liver and occasionally, pass

3、 into the pericardium临床症状Clinical Findings突然发作 Sudden onset低烧（39+） Low-grade fever (39 +)停食、产奶量急剧下降 Off feed and a sharp drop in milk production瘤胃弛缓，少粪，或有轻微膨胀 Static rumen, little feces and maybe slightly bloated肘关节外展、经常拱背 Elbows abducted and often have arched back髻甲挤压表现敏感不安 Grunt on withers pinchSk

4、ooch”试验挤压剑突有疼痛反应 Grunt on “Skooch” test pressure on xiphoid腹腔穿刺术可能表现弥漫性腹 Abdominocentesis may support diffuse peritonitis诊断DiagnosisClinical signsRule out鉴别诊断Differential DiagnosisPeritonitis due to other causesIndigestionIntestinal accident治疗Treatment保守疗法 Conservative Medical扁平的强大磁铁 Flat strong Mag

5、net广谱抗生素青霉素，Excenel（一种抗生素），三甲氧苄氨嘧啶或土霉素 Broad-spectrum antibiotics penicillin, Excenel, TMP or oxytetracycline止痛药Flunixin（消炎止痛药），Anafen（消炎止痛药），阿司匹林或保泰松 Analgesics Flunixin, Anafen, Aspirin or Phenylbutazone抬高牛前躯 Elevate the front end of the cow瘤胃切开术Rumenotomy 如果药物治疗无效Only if no response to medical tr

6、eatment左侧剖腹术Left side laporatomy检查网胃前端是否粘连（不要打开） Check for adhesions in front of reticulum (do not break down) 缝合瘤胃背侧囊至皮肤不透水的缝合方式Suture dorsal sac of rumen to skin watertight suture pattern进入瘤胃背侧囊 Incise into dorsal sac of rumen 手伸入网胃搜查异物取出 Pass hand into reticulum and search for foreign body remove

7、检查网胃中间壁的脓肿情况使流入网胃 Check for abscess formation on medial wall of reticulum drain into reticulum用双层倒置法缝合瘤胃切开部位 Close Rumenotomy with double layer inverting用四层缝合法缝合体壁 Close body wall with four-layer closure应用广谱抗生素5天Broad-spectrum antibiotics for five days预后情况Prognosis大多数药物治疗有效 Most respond to medical treatment如果有弥漫性腹膜炎，预后不良If diffuse peritonitis, poor prognosis 预防Prevention & ControlAdministe