八年级下知识精讲精练（综合）9

1、PAGE PAGE 7（英语提高培训）中考综合复习八年级下知识点精讲精练（9）1.end up 结束，结尾 ； end up doing sthDo you _ this story _ ?你知道这个故事是怎样结尾的吗?His birthday party _ an English song. A. end up singing B. ended singing C. ended up to sing D. ended up with singing2. have a problem (in)_( do) sth.做某事有问题 =have difficulties (in) doing sth

2、= have trouble (in) doing sth 另外，have fun (in) doing sth=have a good(great) time (in)doing sth These children had fun _ and _ English. A. learn; speak B. to learn; to speak C. learning; speaking D. learnt; spoke She had a great time _in Disneyland. A. play B. plays C. played D. playing3. during the

3、daytime=_the day在白天 4. Neither的其他用法 (1) neither用作形容词，表示“(两者)都不”置于单数名词之前。 Neither boy_(be) going there.两个男孩儿都不打算去那里0 (2) neither用作代词，表示“两者都不，双方均不”。可 单独使用，也可以与Of连用。例如: He answered neither of the letters.他两封信都没回。 -Which one would you like, coffee or tea? -_. Id like orange juice A. either B. Neither C.

4、 Both (3)neither用作连词，常用短语为neither nor. . .， 表示“既不也不”。例: Neither Tom nor Mary _(know)how to do the work. 注:neither和nor 后面接同一词性的单词或短语。 neither nor结构用作主语时，谓语动词必须与nor后面的名词或代词在人称及数上保持一致，即所谓的就近原则。例如: Neither he nor I _(be) right. Neither I nor my mother _noodles. A. like B. likes C. have liked D. has been

5、 liking 在表示“既也”，即“两者都”时，常用短语both. . and. . .;表示“或者或者 “”(即二者选一)时，常用短语 either.or. . . Both Jim and Ann _(be) to China before. Either her parents or she _ (have/has) been in China for 2 years. My sister isnt good at English._am I. A. Either B. Too C. Neither D. So David has seen the movie. -_. A. Me, n

6、either B. So do I C. So have I D. Neither do I Would you like to go to the movie? If he does, so _I. A. do B. would C. am D. will If you dont go to the party, _ . A. so do I B. neither do I C. so will I D. neither will IIts difficult for me to decide which one to choose, because _ of them are good.

7、A. neither B. both C. either D. each 5. population “人口” = 1 * GB3 population常与定冠词the连用，作主语用时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。例如: The population of Chongqing _(be) more than 30，000，000.重庆有三千多万人口。区别: The number of the students _(be) 2000. A number of students _ (have) already seen this movie. 当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时，谓语动

8、词用复数形式。例如:- About seventy percent(百分之) of the population in China a _(be) farmers .中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。 注意区别： About 50% of the food _(have/has) gone bad.表示人口的“多”或“少” ，不用 “much”或“little”，而要用“large”或“small”。例如: India has a _ population.印度人口众多。 Singapore has a_ population.新加坡人口少。 The Population of China i

9、s larger than that of America.中 国人口比美国多。 The population of Chongqing is _ than _ Kunming. A. larger, in B. larger. that of C. much more, that in I D. bigger, it is in 问某国某地有多少人口时不用 “How much. . ?”，而用“How large.”;在问具体人口时用。 “What.?”。例如: How large is the population of your hometown?你们家乡有多少人口? -The popu

10、lation of Canada is about 30,000,000.加拿大的人口大约有三千万。-_ _the population of Canada加拿大的人口有多少? 有时population可用作可数名词，其前可用不定冠词。例如: China a population _ about 1. 3 billion.中国大约有十三亿人口。 New York is a big city with a population _ over 10 million.纽约是一个有一千多万人口的大城市。6. 分数的表达:分数由分子及分母两部分构成。用英语表达时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。若分子大于1

11、，则分母的序数词后加s。1/2 =one (a) _或one second(one-second) 1/4=one(a) _或one-quarter 举例如下 二分之一a/one half=one second 三分之一one _ 三分之二two _ 四分之三three _=three quarters 五分之二two _ 十分之九nine _ 在英语中，分数作主语时，谓语动词的数一定要与分数后面的名词取得一致。 如:Two thirds of the students_( were /was)late today. One third of my fathers hair _( is/are

12、) white. A quarter of the students _ (want) to visit the park.Dinner will be ready soon, two thirds of the food _(be) on the table now.7. 强调句结构句式是“It + be+被强调成分+that. . .”。被强调的是简单 句的主语、宾语、宾补或状语，不能强调谓语、定语或表语。 强调对象是人作主语时可用who，作宾语时用whom，其余 一律用that, It was because I could speak English _ I got the job.正

13、是因为我会讲英语我才得到了这份工作。（强调原因状语从句）_was my father who/that did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.是我父亲昨天晚上在实验室做实验。_ was at the gate of the school_ I met Tom.正是在校门口我见到了汤姆。 _ was last week _ I attended an art exhibition for the first time.是上周我才第一次参观一个艺术展览。 _ was because he was ill _ he didnt come to

14、 school yesterday.正是因为他病了昨天才没来上学。 本讲语法精析 (一)现在完成时的用法 (1)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响和 谓语动词的构成:助动词 have/has+动词的过去分词 常和already“已经”，” yet“已经，ever“曾经”,never“从不” ，just“刚刚”、before “以前” 等时间状语连用。 Who has cleaned the door?( The door is so clean now.)(说明打扫对现在的影响是，门是干净的。) She has memorized all the phone numbers.( She

15、can tell me Maggies number).(说明记忆对 既在的影响是她记得马 吉的电话。) I have already read this story-book.(说明已经对这本书的内容很熟了) Have you ever listened to this song? 你曾经听过这首歌吗? Have you met Mr Li _? A. just B. ago C. before D. a moment ago(2)already与yet多与现在完成时连用。ready用于肯定句，而yet多用于否定句或一般疑问句。already用于一般疑问句时，表强烈的的惊语气. She _

16、already _(do)the cleaning. 她已经做完清洁了。 The boy _ _(arrive) yet.这个男孩还没到。 _ you_( finish) all the work yet?你已经完成所有的工作了吗? _you swept the floor _?-Yes, I have. A. Have, already B. Do, yet C. Have, yet D. D. did , alreadyHave you ever been to Beijing?_. A. Yes, I did B. No, I have C. No, not yet D. Yes, I

17、do (3)现在完成时还可表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，可能刚结束，也可能还会延续下去。 此时常和这些时间状语连用: = 1 * GB3 Since+时间点如:since last year, since three years ago, since 1998, since yesterday, since+过去式从句等。since+一段时间+ago.如: He _ _(watch)TV since yesterday. They _ _(be) ill since they failed the test. = 2 * GB3 for+时间段如:for two days, for a f

18、ew months等。 Mr Green _ _(teach) in this school for several years. He_ (wake) for ten minutes. I _ this novel for three times. A. read B. have read C. am reading D. was readingIve _ been to the park, because Im so busy every day.ever B. never C. neither D. justMr Brown _by train for about a week. A.

19、has traveled B. travels C. travel D. is traveling = 3 * GB3 表示时间段的短语 如:these days，so far, up to now, by now, until now; in the last/past+时间段等。如: We _ _(look) after the old man in the last 5 years. How many worm _you_( learn) so far?语法专练A 用所给动词的正确形式填空(1) _you _(find) your watch yet?(2)Im hungry. Mum.

20、 Hungry? You _ just _ (eat)four hamburgers.(3)1 dont think I _(see) you before.(4)Li Ping and Wu Dong_ ( see) the old man three times.(5) _she ever_ (learn) English?(6)-Are you thirsty? No, I _just _ (have) some orange.(7)Has Tom taught you English? -Yes, he _(teach) us English for two years.(8)The

21、students _ (study) in the middle school since last month.(9) Mike _ (make) quite a few friends since he came to China.(10)How long _ you _(stay) in China?（二）现在完成时中延续性动词和非延续性动词的运用 一般情况下，延续性动词和非延续性动词都可用于现在完成时。但与for和since等表示一段时间的时间状语连用时，在肯定句中谓语动词只能使用延续性动词;但在否定句中则两种动词都可以使用。如: His grandpa has died for th

22、ree years.(误) His grandpa has_ _for three years.(正) I havent received his letter for a long time.(正) (2010) Do you know the boy over there? Sure, I _ him for years. A. knew B. will know C. have known . D. known(2010 .) Rose came to Beijing m 2002. She_ _here for eight years. A. was living B. live C

23、will have D. has livedZhao Lan _ _already _ in this school for two years. A. was, studying B. will, study C. has, studied D. are, studying We _Xiao Li since she was a little girl. A. know B. had known C. have knownD. knewIt _ ten years since he left the army. A. is B has C. will D. was1)常见延续性动词和非延续性

24、动词的转换。 borrow-_ = 2 * GB3 leave-_ 争lose-_ = 4 * GB3 finish-_ fall ill-_ catch a cold-_ a cold get to know _ open-_open die _ dead buy- _ begin-_ on wake-_awake get up _ up become_ return- _ back come- _here go there-_there join-_in/ be a member of 如:Li lei has the bike for two years. A. buy B. have

25、C. had D. bought Be quick! The play _for ten minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been onD. beginMario _ this pair of shoes for about six years. Its too old to wear.A. has boughtB. has had C. boughtMy sister has _a nurse for three years. A. grown B. been C. get D. becomeOh, Jack, your MP4 looks

26、 nice. Is it new? No, I _it since two years ago.A. had B. bought C/ have hadD. have bought How long have you _this book? A. bought B. buy C. hadD. buying 2)He has lived here _ four years. 他住在这里已经四年了。 He has lived here _ four years ago.我们还可以用下列句型来表示: its+time+since+从句。如: _four years _he moved here. =

27、 2 * GB3 time + has passed + since+从句。如: Four years _passed _he moved here. 3)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:现在完成时和一般过去时动作都发生在过去。现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。一般过去时与现在没有关系。有具体的过去时间状语用一般过去时。如: He _（live） in Chongqing in 2007. (他目前住在哪里并不清楚) He _（live） in Chongqing since 2007. (他目前还住在重庆) Tom _(buy) a blue car.(表明Tom现在仍在使用) T

28、om_(buy) a blue car.(不涉及Tom 现在是否还在使用)Have you read this book? Yes. I _ (read) it two weeks ago.I _ to the amusement park with my parents last Saturday. A. didn t go B. havent gone C. havent beenD. wont go-_you _your homework yet? Yes. I _it a moment ago. A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; finished

29、C. Have; done; have finished D. will; do; finish-I have been to Guangdong.When _ you _ there? A. have, gone B. did, go C. do, go D. have been I _my classmate in the street yesterday. We _each other since I left school. A. met; didnt see B. had met; hadnt seen C. met; havent seen D. met; hadnt seen另外

30、，since主句要用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 如:He _( work ) here since the factory opened. They have grown a lot of vegetables since they _ (move) there.*have been to, have been in, have gone to的用法及区别。 (1)have gone to意为“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一人称、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如: -Where is Jim?吉姆在哪里?- -He _ _ to England.他去英国了。(尚未回来) Mr W

31、ang isnt here. He _ _ to Qingdao.王先生不在 t里。他去青岛了。 (2 )have been to ,为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如 once ,twice; three times等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just, never, ever等连用。如: My father _ _ to Beijing twice.我父亲去过北京两次。 I _ never _ to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。I _ never been _ Beijing.我从来没有到过北京。 (3)have been in表示“ 在某地呆了多

32、长时间”，常与时 间段状语连用。如: I have _ _ Shanghai for three years.我到上海已有三年了。 He has _ _London for half a month.他在伦敦已有 坐个日了 *My uncle _ Shanghai on business ( 出差). He_ Shanghai twice. A. has gone to; has been to B. has gone to; has been in C. has been to; has been to D. has been to; has been语法专练 用have gone (to)

33、, have been (to), 或have been (in) 填空1) Where is Jack? He _his country.2)Is your father at home? No, he _ Shanghai.How long _there?-Since last Sunday.3) John _ England since he came back.4) How long _ you _ this village?5) The Smiths_ Beijing for years.6) _ you ever _America? Yes, I _ there many time

34、s.7)I _ this school since three years ago.8)Where is Jim? He _the farm.9)-_ you _ the zoo before? -No, I _there.10)Where have you been ? I _ the bedroom. 11) Miss Green isnt in the office. She _to the library. A. has gone B. went C. will go D. has been12) Where is John? He _to the library and he _th

35、ere for an hour. A. has been, has been B. has gone, has been C. goes, went D. has been, will be句型转换 1) They have been here since 2000. （划线） _ _ have they been here? 2) They have planted trees behind their house. （划线）What_ they _behind their house? 4) Miss Cao left an hour ago. (同义句) Miss Gao_ _ _sin

36、ce an hour ago. 5) He has been to Canada twice. （划线） _ _ _ _ he been to Canada? 6) The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句) _ two years _the Green family moved to France. 7)I have already cut the meat up. (变否定句)I _ _ the meat up _. 8) He began to work here three years ago. (同义句)=He _her

37、e for three years.=He has worked here _ three years _.=_three years _ he began to work here.=Three years _ _ since he _ to work here. 9). I became a student a year ago. (改为现在完成时) I _ _ a student _ a year.10). The population of Chongqing is over 30,000,000. (（划线提问）) _ the _ of Chongqing?11).加已经3年了。(汉

38、译英) .He has been here for three years.12). Mei Shan is a flight attendant. _ _ Mei Shan _ ?13).I have been to Japan. (一般疑问句) _ you _ _ Japan ? Yes, _ _ . No, I _ 南开中考能力训练IV. 阅读理解。（每小题2分，共30分） 阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。（A）Wednesday , May 23rdDear Kim ,We arrived at holiday Cove on

39、Monday and we are having lots of fun .It was so boring on the plane . I nearly fell asleep but at least everything went wellnot like last time . Kim AllenWhen we landed we went straight to our camp . 4 Landsdowne ParadeMy cousin Gemma is staying next to us . MILL HILL QLD 4332I am excited because we

40、 are going to visit the crocodile farm tomorrow . Peter is afraid and says he wants to go to the aquarium instead .Tom P.s. We are leaving for Rest Harbor on Friday .51. Who is this postcard sent to ? A. Peter .B. Gemma .C. Kim .D. Tom .52. How did Tom go to Holiday Cove ? A. By plane .B. By ship .C

41、. By car .D. By train .53. Why does Peter want to go to the aquarium instead of the crocodile farm ? A. Because he has visited it before . B. Because he is afraid of crocodiles . C. Because he is interested in dolphins . D. Because he has no tickets to the crocodile farm .（B）When I was told to play

42、for a drama competition , I became nervous . I had never done anything like this before . But after reading Shakespeares Twelfth Night , I was excited about what was to come . The story was great and the sentences were so funny . I wanted to give it a go .I was playing Sir Toby Belch , a very funny

43、old knight（骑士）. I had to remember a lot of sentences and very funny old words . I worked hard in order to act well , like a real knight from the old days . But the most difficult job was to be funny in all my acting . This is quite different from the way I am in real life .“ OK , its time to be a different me now ! ” I said to myself . At first , I couldnt do anything naturally . I didnt know what to do when acting in this silly way . But I always told myself that I was Sir Toby no