江西省临川第一中学2022-2023学年高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Many developing countries are unwilling to pursue their economic development _ destroying the environment despite there being several financi

2、al crises.Aat the risk ofBat the cost ofCat the end ofDat the mercy of2When tension _ in a relationship between two people, a frequent way of dealing with this is to send messages through a third person.AarousesBarisesCrisesDraises3Mr Johnson, I have something I would like to trouble you with._. Jus

3、t tell me what I can do.AYou have my word BDont give me thatCYou can say that again DDont stand on ceremony4US slang is hugely _ thanks to the many different ethnic groups that have settled in the country.AdelicateBdynamicCdiverseDdesperate5Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is?It is class time, so s

4、he _ in the classroom now.Acan beBmust have beenCmight have beenDshould be6By the time I saw the angry expression on his face, I _ exactly what I was having to face.Aknew Bhad known Cwould know Dhave known7Weneeda spiritual faith, or a philosophy, it shouldincludethis truth: if you choose to find th

5、epositivein every situation, you will be blessed, and if you choose to find the awful, you will be cursed. As with happiness itself, this is_your decision to make.Aabsolutely BtotallyCexactly Dlargely8The wide spread of super hybrid rice around the world _ the lives of millions and millions of peopl

6、e suffering from hunger to a great level.Ahas improvedBis improvingCimprovedDhas been improving9Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to _ a good researcher.Amake BturnCget Dgrow10If you were to have a few minutes free, I_ the opportunity to ask you one more question.Awould ap

7、preciateBwould have appreciatedCwere to appreciateDhad appreciated11Are you coming to Jeffs party?Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead.AmustBwouldCshouldDmight12 Could you turn the TV down a little bit? _. Is it disturbing you?ATake it easy. BIm sorry. CNot a bit DIt depends13By the time he re

8、alizes the mistake he _，it will be too late for him to do anything about it.Ahas madeBmadeCmakesDwill make14Newly-built wooden cottages line the street，_ the old town into a dreamland.AturnedBturningCto turnDhaving turned15Everyone in the village hoped that he would _ after a few days treatment.Apic

9、k upBcome upCkeep upDmake up16- I prefer a computer made in your company, but I may need some more information about the product.- _.AThank youBIts a pleasureCYou are welcomeDAt your service17You seem to be fond of classical music._. As a matter of fact, I like jazz music better.A I dont agree B Not

10、 reallyC I couldnt agree more D No doubt18Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way _ to the Home Circle Building.Aeasy enoughBenough easyCeasily enoughDenough easily19 How about _ plan to open a branch? I should say it was _ failure.Aa; aBa; /Cthe; /Dthe; a20Taking online reading into

11、 consideration, we can challenge the assumption _ reading for pleasure continues to decrease.AwhetherBthatCwhereDwhen第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）Flying to another country can sometimes take several days. But the designer of a futuristic jet (喷气式飞机) says his plane could tak

12、e you around the world in your lunch break.According to an article in The Sun, the planet, called the Antipode, could carry 10 people and use rocket boosters (火箭助推器) to go 12 km high. Then it could fly from London to New York in less than 20 minutes, or from New York to Shanghai in 24 minutes.A norm

13、al Boeing 747 has a top speed of 917 km/h. The fastest plane in the world right now is Air Force One. It carries the president of the United States and can reach 1,092 km/h. But the Antipode would be capable of reaching a crazy 25,750 km/h!Canadian designer Charles Bombardier says his plane could be

14、 10 times faster than the Concorde, which could fly at 2,180 km/h. The Concorde used to be the worlds fastest passenger plane between 1976 and 2003. But the Concorde was very noisy and its nose got dangerously hot when it flew, A Concorde crashed in 2000, killing 114 people. No Concordes were flown

15、again after 2003.The Antipodes design includes a special nose that stops it from overheating and having the same problems that the Concorde did. New technology, recently tested by NASA, makes the Antipode the perfect shape and weight to fly fast and safely.“Its always something that people would lik

16、e a transportation system that could take you from one place on the planet to the other side,” Mr Bombardier told the BBCDont try to buy a ticket on the plane yet, though. The design is just a concept and will need more research before it becomes a reality.1、What is the biggest difference between th

17、e Antipode and other normal planes?AIt can fly much faster. BIt can hold many more people.CIt can fly much higher. DIt can be much safer.2、Which of the following about the planes is NOT true?AA Boeing 747 can reach a speed of 917 km/h.BAir Force One is the fastest plane in the world.CThe president o

18、f the United States usually takes a Boeing 747.DThe Antipode could be about 24 times faster than Air Force One.3、What do we know about the Concorde?a. It used to be the worlds biggest passenger plane.b. It made loud noises when it was flying.c. Its nose got dangerously hot when it flew.d. It stopped

19、 flying after 2000.Aab BbcCcd Dad4、According to the story, we know that _.Aa US designer designed the AntipodeBpeople now can book a ticket to fly on the AntipodeCthe Antipode has already been producedDthe Antipode wont have the problems that the Concorde had22（8分）In America, each of the states like

20、s to promote itself with a slogan (口号). I currently live in Utah, where the slogan is “Life Elevated”. Its a nod to outdoor entertainment in the hill country, including the ski industry. I previously lived in Colorado, a land with red dm. great mountains and golden plains. The slogan there is Colorf

21、ul Colorado”. Years ago I lived in the “Peach State” of Georgia, and I grew up in New Mexico as a little boy, whose slogan is “Land of Enchantment (魔力)”.We never seemed to get away from dust in New Mexico, so I appreciate the story of a newcomer to the Land of Enchantment who learned about dusty win

22、d. She was visiting an antique shop and the owner wiped down every item before showing it. The newcomer said, “Everything gets dusty here pretty quickly, doesnt it?” “Thats not dust, honey,” the shop owner replied, “Thats ENCIIANTMENT”. That made the problem more acceptable or at least can be live w

23、ith. An escalator (自动扶梯) broke, so he posted a sign to warn customers. He chose not to use the traditional “Out of Order” or “Do Not Use” warnings. Instead, his sign read, “This Escalator Is Temporarily a Stairway”. He turned a minus into humor and made it a plus.And in fact there arc sonic things,

24、like the weather, we cant change. All we can change is our ways that we think and feel about them. I believe one of the best techniques to do this is to find some humor in the situation. Finding something amusing or enjoyable of difficulty, a troublesome problem can be one of the most creative and e

25、ffective things we can do. Sometimes the only sense you can make of a situation is a sense of humor.1、How many places has the author lived in from the first paragraph?A2. B3.C4. D5.2、How would the newcomer probably feel after hearing what the shop owner said?AAngry. BRelaxed.CCurious. DNervous.3、Wha

26、ts the purpose of writing the text?ATo encourage people to find the funny side in their daily life.BTo show the effects of using slogans to raise the position.CTo explain the skills of turning a disadvantage into humor.DTo tell the strange experience of a bargain in an antique shop.4、What dose the u

27、nderlined word “it” in the Paragraph 2 refer to?ADust on items. BThe antique shop.CAn item for sale. DThe Land of Enchantment.23（8分） In A History of Reading, the Canadian novelist Alberto Manguel describes a remarkable transformation of human consciousness, which took place around the 10th century A

28、D: the arrival of silent reading. Human beings have been reading for thousands of years, but in ancient times, the normal thing was to read aloud. With the arrival of silent reading, Manguel writes, the reader was at last able to establish an unrestricted relationship with the book and the words. Th

29、e words no longer needed to occupy the time required to pronounce them. The readers thoughts inspected them at leisure, drawing new ideas from them, allowing comparisons from memory or from other books.To read silently is to free your mind to reflect, to remember, to question and compare. The cognit

30、ive scientist Maryanne Wolf calls this freedom “the secret gift of time to think”. A thousand years later, critics fear that digital technology has put this gift in danger. The Internets flood of information, together with the distractions of social media, threatens to overwhelm the space of reading

31、, leaving us in what the journalist Nicholas Carr has called “the shallows”. In Carrs view, the “endless, tempting buzz” of the Internet endangers our very being: “One of the greatest dangers we face,” he writes, “as we give up control over the flow of our thoughts and memories to a powerful electro

32、nic system, is a slow damage to our humanness and our humanity.”Theres no question that digital technology presents challenges to the reading brain. But seen from a historical perspective, digital reading and silent reading look like differences of degree, rather than of kind. To the extent that dig

33、ital reading represents something new, its potential cuts both ways. Done badly, the Internet reduces us to mindless clickers, racing numbly to the bottom of a bottomless feed; but done well, it has the potential to expand the very contemplative (沉思的) space that we have prized in ourselves ever sinc

34、e we learned to read without moving our lips.In the fifth century BC, Socrates worried that writing would weaken human memory, and stifle(扼杀) judgment. In fact, as Wolf notes in her 2007 book Proust and the Squid: the Story and Science of the Reading Brain, the opposite happened: Faced with the writ

35、ten page, the readers brain develops new capacities.The Internet may cause our minds to wander off, and yet a quick look at the history of books suggests that we have been wandering off all along. When we read, the eye does not progress steadily along the line of text; it alternates between saccades

36、 little jumpsand brief stops, not unlike the movement of the mouses cursor across a screen of hypertext.Its true that studies have found that readers given text on a screen do worse on recall and comprehension tests than readers given the same text on paper. But a 2015 study by the German educator J

37、ohannes Naumann suggests the opposite. He gave a group of high-school students the job of tracking down certain pieces of information on websites; he found that the students who regularly did research online were better at this task than students who used the Internet mostly to send email, chat, and

38、 blog.A new generation of digital writers prefers to include interactive features. The 2014 iPad novel, Pry, tells the story of a demolition(爆破) expert returning home from the first Gulf War. The story is told in text, photographs, video clips, and audio. It uses an interface(界面) that allows you to

39、follow the action and shift between levels of awareness. As you read text on the screen, describing characters and plot, you draw your fingers apart and see a photograph of the chief character, his eyes opening on the world. Pinch your finger shut and you visit his troubled unconscious; words and im

40、ages race by, as if you are inside his memory. Pry is the opposite of a shallow work; its whole play is between the surface and the depths of the human mind. Reading it is stimulating.1、In Alberto Manguels opinion, silent reading _.Ais an abnormal thing to human consciousnessBoffers readers mind fre

41、edom and time to thinkCstrengthens readers power of memory and reflectionDallows readers to gain an insight into books and words2、Why is digital technology considered to have endangered our being?AIt presents challenges to the reading brain.BIt harms our humanness and humanity gradually.CIt is very

42、likely to expand our contemplative space.DIt leaves our thoughts and memories out of control.3、The sentence “The fear of technology is not new.” should be placed in _.ABCD4、What can we infer from Johannes Naumanns study?AIts easier to collect information on the Internet than in books.BPeoples habit

43、of using the Internet influences their performance.CThe Internet isnt supposed to be used as a tool of entertainment.DPaper reading is better than screen reading in improving comprehension.5、The 2014 iPad novel, Pry, is mentioned in the last paragraph to _.Aintroduce the occurrence of a reading revo

44、lutionBshow the technology employed in digital readingCprove digital reading not shallow but attractiveDillustrate the impact digital reading has on our life.6、What is probably the best title for the passage?AThe deep space of digital readingBThe timely arrival of silent readingCThe development of t

45、raditional readingDThe potential damage of electronic books24（8分）Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to ot

46、her sorts of hearing stimulation. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a rattle. At first, the sounds that a baby notices might be only those words that receive the heaviest emphasis and that often occur at the ends of utterances(讲话，说话).

47、By the time they are six or seven weeks old, babies can detect the difference between syllables pronounced with rising and falling tones. Very soon, these differences in adult stress and intonation can influence babies emotional states and behavior. Long before they develop actual language comprehen

48、sion, babies can sense when an adult is happy or angry, attempting to begin or end new behavior, and so on, merely on the basis of clues such as the rate, volume, and melody of adult speech.Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating(夸张) such clues. One resear

49、cher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, in all six languages, the mothers used simplified utterances and nonsense sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk. Other researchers have noted that when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old,

50、 they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their words. They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels(元音) longer, and emphasize certain words.More significant for language development than their response to general intonation is observation that tiny babies can make relative

51、ly fine distinctions between speech sounds. In other words, babies enter the world with the ability to make those precisely perceptual（知觉的，感性的） recognition that are necessary if they are to acquire listening language.Babies obviously obtain pleasure from sound input, too: even as young as nine month

52、s they will listen to songs or stories, although the words themselves are beyond their understanding. For babies, language is a sensory-motor delight rather than the route to boring meaning that it often is for adults.1、The author mentions syllables with rising and falling tones to .Ashow how diffic

53、ult it is for babies to interpret emotionsBprovide an example of ways adults speak to babiesCgive a reason for babies difficulty in telling one adult from anotherDshow a six-week-old baby can already tell some language differences2、What can be inferred about the findings described in Paragraph 2?AMo

54、thers from different cultures speak to their babies in similar ways.BBabies ignore facial expressions in understanding listening language.CThe mothers were unconsciously teaching their babies to speak.DMothers only exaggerate their tones when talking to babies.3、Why do babies listen to songs and sto

55、ries, even if they cant understand?AThey understand the rhythm. BThey enjoy the sound.CThey can remember them easily. DThey focus on the meaning.4、Whats the main idea of the passage?ABabies can detect sounds other than the human voice.BBabies ways to learn a language differ from adults.CBabies can r

56、espond to the speech before they can speak.DBabies can tell the sound of the human voice from other sounds.25（10分）To err is human. Society is suffering from an inability to acknowledge as much.For individuals, errors are painful. The trick, then, is to err well: to recognize mistakes and learn from

57、them. Worryingly, humanity may be getting worse at admitting its mistakes.Few enjoy the feeling of being caught out in an error. But real trouble starts when the desire to avoid a punishment leads to a refusal to deal with contrary evidence. Economists often assume that people are sensible. When fac

58、ed with a new fact, these people should update their view of the world to take better decisions in future. Yet years of economic research confirms that people frequently disregard information that conflicts with their view of the world.Why should that be? Last year Roland Benabou, of Princeton, pres

59、ented a framework for thinking about the problem. In many ways, beliefs are like other economic goods. People spend time and resources building them, and get value from them: some beliefs make owners feel good and show their public identity; other beliefs provide value by shaping behaviorfor example

60、, religious asceticism(禁欲主义) can help one avoid unhealthy habits.Because beliefs, however, are not simply tools for making good decisions, but are treasured in their own right, new information that challenges them is unwelcome. People often engage in “motivated reasoning” to manage such challenges.