中考英语语法复习 专题过去完成时课件

1、过去完成时中考语法复习之Past Perfect TensePresentPerfect TenseDo you remember the lines in Little Women?Has anyone taken my novel?有人拿走了我的小说吗？Amy, you have got it.艾米，是你拿走的。No，I havent. 不，我没有。I have made so many resolutions and written sad notes and I have cried over my sins.我下了那么多决心，写了那些悔过的文字，我为我的过错而哭泣。Can you t

2、ell the difference between these two?Definition of Present Perfect Tense 定义1、表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成；2、表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响和产生的结果;它强调的是过去的动作同现在的联系。Definition of Past Perfect Tense 定义过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。Structure of Present Perfect tense 结构Structure of Past Perfect Tense 结构肯定句 主语 + have/

3、has + V.pp.否定句 主语 + have/has not + V.pp. have not = havent / has not = hasnt一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + V.pp.? Yes, 主语 + have/has. No, 主语 + havent /hasnt.hadhadhadhadnthadhadhadntCan you try this? 截止到上周Peter已经看过四遍这部电影了。Peter had seen this film for four times by the end of last week. 截止到上周Peter还没看过这部电影。Pet

4、er hadnt seen this film by the end of last week. 截止到上周Peter看过这部电影了吗？Had Peter seen this film by the end of last week? 看过了/没看过Yes, he had. / No, he hadnt. How can we get the V.pp?Lets reviewV.pp. = past participle 动词过去分词010203RegulargroupIrregularGroup 1ABCIrregular Group 2 ABB04Irregular Group 3 AAA

5、Irregular Group 3 ABA/AAB05 动词分类变化规则e.g.一般动词-edwork-worked以不发音的“e、ue”结尾-dlive-lived以“辅音+y”结尾变y为iedcry-cried以“重读闭音节”结尾双写末尾辅音-edplan-plannedRegular Group 规则动词变形 +ed双写+ed+d去y+iedcookplanstudycleanlivestopcarrydanceIrregular Group 1 AAA 动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词bet betbetcutcutcutcostcostcosthithithithurth

6、urthurtletletletputputputreadreadreadsetsetsetshutshutshytbroadcastbroadcastbroadcastburstburstburstquitquitquitshedshed shedIrregular Group 2 ABB动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词buyboughtboughtbringbroughtbroughtdreamdreamtdreamtlearnlearntlearntbleedbledbledcatchcaughtcaughtfeedfedfedfindfoundfoundhanghunghu

7、nghavehadhadbendbentbentdigdugdugfeelfeltfeltbuildbuiltbuiltIrregular Group 3 ABC动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词arisearosearisenbewas/werebeenbearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbitbitbittenblowblewblownbreakbrokebrokendodiddonedrawdrewdrawndrivedrovedriveneatateeatenflyflewflowngivegavegivenknowknewknownIrregular Gro

8、up 4 ABA/AAB ABAAABcome came come become became becomeovercoem overcame overcome run ran run beat beat beaten Can you try this?过 去 完 成 时 的 用 法(1)表示一动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成，即发生在“过去的过去”。这个过去的时间可以用by, before，after, when等介词短语或者一个时间状语从句来表示。例：上周日之前他们已经种了一百棵树。They had planted 100 trees before last Sunday. 关好

9、门以后，他开了房间。After he had closed the door, he left the room.When he got to school, he realized he had left her backpack at home.过 去 完 成 时 的 用 法(2)表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去的时间。常用表延续的时间状语如by the end of+过去的时间点， by the time +从句等。例：到去年年底，她已经换过四次工作了。By the end of last year, she had changed four jobs.By

10、the time he got outside, the bus had already left .过 去 完 成 时 的 用 法(3)表示过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到过去的这一时间，而且还可能继续下去的动作。通常与for, since 引导的时间状语连用。例：从我认识他，他交了很多新朋友。He had made a lot new friends since last year.He had done a lot of experiments on his science research since 1988.过 去 完 成 时 的 用 法(4)含有宾语从句的复合句中：当主句为一般过

11、去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作发生时，从句要用过去完成时。如在told，said，knew，heard，thought，realize等动词后的宾语从句中。例：她说她以前已看过这部电影了。 She said that she had seen the film before. 过 去 完 成 时 的 用 法(5)表示意向的动词，如hope，wish，expect，think，intend，mean，suppose等，用过去 完成时表示“原本，但未能”。例: 我们本希望你能来，但你没来。 We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. 过 去

12、完 成 时 的 用 法(6)过去完成时与 as soon as, till/ until 等引导时间状语的从句连用，强调动作发生的时间前后。例: 我完成作业了就去睡觉了。 Last night, as soon as I had finished my work I went to sleep. 我一直等到他把所有玩具清理好。 I waited until he had cleaned up all his toys.过 去 完 成 时 的 用 法(7)过去完成时是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。 John retu

13、rned home very late yesterday. Where had he been? Exercise1. After he _ (finish) his work he went out.2. The children ran away after they _ (break) the window.3. I went to Toms house but he _ (go) out.had finishedhad brokenhad goneExercise4. Annie told me that his father _ ( go ) to Paris and he _ (

14、 come ) back in a few days.5. My friend _ (buy) the car two years ago. He _ (buy) it for two years.had gonewould comeboughthas had现在完成时过去完成时现在完成时强调一个动作从过去到现在并可能持续到将来；I have already learned 1000 English words so far.过去完成时强调一个动作从过去持续到过去并可能继续。I had already learned 1000 English words till then.辨别Attenti

15、on: 过去完成跟现在完成时共通的地方是他们都可以与already，yet，since，for连用。一般过去时过去完成时一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间They arrived at the station at ten yesterday. 过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. 辨别Attention: 时间状语不同在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。She was very happy. Her who

16、le family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition. AttentionThe lines in Past Perfect Tense I went to get dressed and realized I had left my best shirt in the washer!“过去的过去”穿衣打扮之前已把衬衫落在了洗衣机The lines in Past Perfect Tense After I had waited for a few minu

17、tes, I realized I had put my shirt on inside out!after时间状语从句来表示过去已完成的事；realize后的宾语从句表示过去完成时。The lines in Past Perfect Tense This had never happened to me before last night.事件在过去某一时间之前已经完成，before时间介词短语强调这个过去的时间The lines in Past Perfect Tense When I came back, a waiter had given my table to someone el

18、se.发生在“过去的过去”。这个过去的时间可以用when等介词短语或者一个时间状语从句来表示The lines in Past Perfect Tense I told the server what had happened.told等动词引导，当主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作发生时，从句要用过去完成时.The lines in Past Perfect Tense Ann said that she had waited for me for over twenty minutes.said等动词引导，当主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作发生时，从句要用过去完成时.

19、Practice makes perfect ！Exercise1He asked me _ during the summer holidays.A. where I had been B. where I had goneC. where had I been D. where had I goneAExercise2. What _ Jane _ by the time he was sever? A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done3. I _ 900 English words by the time I was ten. A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learntDCExercise4. She _lived here for _ years.A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I