九年级Unit3大单元文档

1、 Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.Topic:Talk about what you are allowed to do. = 1 * ROMAN I. Key words:sleep v.&n.睡觉 sleepy adj.困倦的，不活跃的asleep adj.睡着的important adj.重要的importance n.重要性succeed v.成功，达到，完成success n.成功successful adj.成功的achieve v.完成，实现achievement n.完成，成绩，成就

2、= 2 * ROMAN * MERGEFORMAT II. Key phrases :Section A1. sixteen-year-olds十六岁的青少年 2. cut hair理发 3. seem to do sth似乎做某事4. so do we我们也如此 5. on school nights在上学日的晚上 6. stay up熬夜，不睡觉7. clean up打扫 8. instead of代替，而不是 9. car license汽车驾照10. get ones ears pierced=pierce ones ears打耳洞 11. wear earrings戴耳环 12. a

3、t present目前，现在 13. be allowed to do sth被允许做某事 14. at a friends house在一个朋友家 15. on Saturday afternoon在星期六下午 16.choose ones own sth.选择某人自己的东西 17.have/get sth.done使被做Section Btake the test参加考试 2. pass the test通过考试 3. fail a math test数学考试不及格be strict with sb对某人要求严格 5. the other day前几天 6. at present目前，现在

4、concentrate on专心于，全神贯注于 8. be good for.对有好处9. learn from sb向某人学习 10. be late for school上学迟到 study with friends和朋友一起学习 Self check & readingwear school uniform穿校服 2. have an opportunity to do sth有机会做某事 an good experience一次美好的经历 4. get in the way of妨碍 5. be realistic现实点practice ones hobbies培养爱好 7.on th

5、e school running team在学校跑步队里achieve ones dreams实现某人的理想 9.be serious about对认真care about担心，关心 11.old peoples home养老院 = 3 * ROMAN III. Key sentences:表达（不）应该允许某人做某事I think sb should be allowed to do.I dont think sb should be allowed to.表明自己对他人或对方的观点赞同或反对I agree (with you).I disagree (with you).I dont ag

6、ree.Only引导的倒装结构Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. = 4 * ROMAN IV. Grammar1. I dont think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.我认为不应该允许16岁的孩子穿耳孔。1）当主句的主语是第一人称I或we，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, guess等词时，若要否定，须将not提到主句。在翻译时，否定从句。例如：“我想他不会给你打电话的。”应译为I dont thi

7、nk he will give you a call而不是I think he wont give you a call。特别提示若把此类句式变成反意疑问句，其助动词及主语要根据从句确定，而肯定/否定则要根据主句来确定。eg: We think you can help him, cant you? 我们认为你能帮助他，不是吗？ I dont think he is a good student, is he? 我认为他不是个好学生，对吗？（2）本句中的 sixteen-year-olds相当于 sixteen-year-old teenagers，意为“16岁的年轻人”。数词和一个相应的名词

8、单数用“-”连接起来，可以构成一个合成形容词。常见的还有：eg: two-month holiday 两个月的假期 a sixty-pound stone 一块60磅的石头情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词eg: Flowers should be watered often.（4）get their ears pierced属于“have/get sth.done”结构，表示“使被做”。eg: Go and get your hair cut! 你去理理发吧。 Why havent you got the work done yet? 你为什么还不叫人把活干了呢？例：

9、-What are you going to do this morning, Mary? -My hair is too long. I want to get it . A. cut B.to cut C.cuts D.cuttingAir must fresh all the time. Its bad for our health.keep B.is kept C.be kept2. I disagree. 我不同意。 I agree. 我同意。（1）agree意为“赞成，同意”，用来表示同意某人的意见、观点等；可以单独使用，也可以接由with, to, on等引导的介词短语或接从句。

10、eg: Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow? I agree. I quite agree with you. 我完全赞成你的意见。Do you agree on this plan? 你同意这个计划吗？区别：agree with, agree to和agree onagree with表示“同意”，后面接表示人的名词或代词，也可以接表示“意见，看法”的名词。eg: We all agree with him. 我们都同意他的意见。Do you agree with my ideas? 你同意我的观点吗？拓展：agree with也可以表示“某人适应（食物、气候等）

11、”。eg: The weather doesnt agree with me. 我不适应这种天气。agree to表示“同意”，后面接表示“计划，建议，安排”等的名词或动词原形。eg: He agreed to our plan at last. 最后他同意了我们的计划。They agreed to come on Monday. 他们同意星期一来。agree on表示“（两人以上）就取得一致意见，在方面意见一致”，其主语多为复数形式，宾语是表示事、计划等的名词，而不是表示人的名词或代词。eg: They agreed on the plan.disagree是agree的反义词，相当于not

12、 agree。例：-I think sixteen-year-olds should allowed to drive. -They arent serious enough.A. I agree B. I disagree C. I think so D. Thats right-I think drinking milk every morning is good our health. -Yes. I agree you.A.to;to B.with;to C.at;with D.for;with3. They talk instead of doing homework. 他们说话而不

13、做作业。 本句中的instead of是复合介词，意思是“代替”，后面往往接名词、代词、动名词或介词短语, of后面的内容是被否定的。eg: I want that book instead of this one. 我要那本书而不是这本。We went to swim instead of playing basketball. 我们没有去打篮球，而是去游泳了。区别：instead和instead ofinstead adv.意为“代替，顶替”，常位于句首或句末。eg: I didnt go to cinema. Instead, I went to go shopping. 我没有去看电影

14、，我去购物了。The water here is not good, so I drink coffee instead. 这里的水不好，所以我改喝咖啡。例：1)What a nice day! We should go sightseeing watching TV in hotel. A.because of B.instead of C.together with D.out ofMiss White doesnt like buying nice clothes. She likes collecting story books. A.instead B.either C.too4.

15、-We have a lot of rules at my house. -So do we. 我们家也是。 So do we.是倒装句。“so + 助动词/系动词/情态动词 + 主语”倒装句型表示前者所述的情况同样适用于后者，意思是“也是如此”。注意在时态上和前面一句保持一致。如：eg: I like swimming, and so does he. 我喜欢游泳，他也喜欢游泳。 She can speak Russian. So can her sister. 她会讲俄语，她姐姐也会。拓展:当前面一句是否定句时，用“neither/nor + 助动词/系动词/情态动词 + 主语”，表示后者

16、同前者一样，意为“也不”。如：eg: I dont have a computer. Neither does she. 我没有电脑。她也没有。 We have never been to Tokyo before. Neither have they. 我们以前没去过东京。他们也没去过。“so + 主语+ 助动词/系动词/情态动词”句型，用来加强语气，表示赞同。意思是“的确如此”。eg: -Its too hot today. -So it is. 的确如此。例：-When I was five, I drew very well. - .A.So did I B.So was I C.So

17、 I was D.So I did-I have never been to Hawaii. What about Mike? - .A.So has he B.So he does C.Neither he has D.Neither has he5. 1）believe是及物动词，意为“相信”，其后可跟名词或从句。I dont believe his story. 我不相信他的故事。I believe he told us the truth. 我认为他告诉我们的是真的。2）believe in表示“信任”（即trust）。She doesnt believe in God. 她不信奉上帝

18、。6. concentrateon sth“专心致志（于某件事），精神集中，全神贯注（做某事）”I cant concentrate on my work when Im hungry. 我饿了就无法集中精力工作。We must concentrate our attention on efficiency. 我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。7. That would be a good way to keep both teachers and students happy. 那将是让老师和同学们都感到满意的方法。句中的to keep happy是动词不定式短语作定语，修饰前面的名词way。e

19、g: I have some housework to do this morning. 今天上午我有一些家务要做。keep的用法：keep sb./sth + adj. 表示“使保持”。eg: Take my coat. It will keep you warm. 拿上我的大衣，它会使你暖和些。例：As we all know, its not polite to keep others for a long time. A.wait B.waited C.to wait D.waiting8. Last summer I had an opportunity to volunteer a

20、t the local hospital. 去年夏天，我有机会在一家当地医院做志愿者。（1）本句中的volunteer是动词，表示“自愿做某事，当志愿者”等意思。eg: Thousands of men volunteered when the war broke out.战争爆发时，成千上万的人当了志愿兵。 We volunteered to raise the money. 我们志愿募捐。(2)volunteer作名词时表示“自愿做工或无偿做工的人，志愿者”。eg: This work costs us nothing. Its all done by volunteers. 9. rep

21、ly to “回答别人的问题、话语、信件等”。eg: He didnt reply to my letter. 他没有给我回信。 How can you reply to my questions? 你如何回答我的问题呢？例：The student but didnt question. A.answered;reply B.replied;answer C.answered;replied D.reply;answer10. care about为及物动词短语，意为“关心，在乎，介意”，其后接名词或代词。eg: The girl never cares about others. 那个女孩从

22、不关心别人。She didnt care about anything people might say. 人们说什么她都不在乎。11. Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有那时，我才有机会实现我的梦想。这是一个倒装句。“only”位于句首时，句子应用倒装语序，其语序是：Only + 状语（或从句）+ 助动词/系动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它。eg: Only then did I realize how dangerous the situation was. 例：Only in this way

23、work out the problem. A.that we can B.we can C.can we D.that can weallowsb be allowed to do sth “某人被允许做某事”allow sb to do sth “允许某人做某事”Allow doing sth “允许做某事”eg: They dont allow smoking.他们不允许抽烟。 Mother allowed us to eat ice cream.妈妈允许我们吃冰淇淋。例：People are not （allow）to smoke in some public places.Relax

24、ing allows you to your studies with more energy.A. return B.to return C.returning = 5 * ROMAN V. 语法：被动语态1. “语态”表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语中有“两态”的说法，即主动语态和被动语态，本单元中反复出现的should be allowed 就是一个含有情态动词（should）的被动语态。先看几个基本概念：(1)主语是动作的发出者为主动语态; (2)主语是动作的接受者为被动语态;(3)只有及物动词才有被动语态。2. 被动语态的构成 1） 一般现在时的被动语态为：主am / is / a

25、re （not）过去分词 2） 一般过去时的被动语态为：主was / were 过去分词 3） 现在进行时被动语态为：主语is / am / are + being 过去分词 4) 含有情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词be过去分词eg: English is spoken in the world. This house was built 100 years ago. 这里我们列举了几个主要时态，那么其它时态呢？一般将来时： 主语will be 过去分词现在完成时： 主语have / has been 过去分词 过去将来时： 主语would / should + be 过去分词 过去进行时：

26、主语was / were + being 过去分词 过去完成时： 主语had + been +过去分词3. 被动语态的用法：（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用“by动作执行者”的短语 Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。 I havent been told about it . 没有人告诉我这件事。（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。 The cup was broken by David. （3）句型：Its / was said / believed / reported / + that Its report

27、ed that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake. 4. 主动语态变为被动语态 （1）把原句中的宾语变为主语 （2）动词改为被动形式，即be+过去分词（3）原来的主语，如果需要的话，放在by后面，如果没必要，可省略。5. 被动语态的几种类型（1）有两个宾语的句子的被动语态（直接宾语，间接宾语）常见的接双宾语的动词有：give, show, lend, send, bring(接to); buy, make, draw(接for)间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语保留原位。直接宾语改为被动语态的主语，间接宾语前加

28、介词to /for。eg:1)He gave the boy an apple.The boy was given an apple. An apple was given to the boy.2)Her father bought her a present.She was bought a present by her father.A present was bought for her by her father.（2）不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态改为被动语态时，省略的to要加上。常考的动词有make, let, have, see, watch, notice, he

29、arsb be made/ let/ had/ seen/ watched/ notice/ heard/ to do sth1)They heard the children sing that morning. The children were heard to sing that morning.2)The teacher made the little boy stand in the classroom. The little boy was made to stand in the classroom by the teacher.（3）含有短语的主动语态变被动语态 eg: 1)

30、They take good care of my child. My child is taken good care of . 2) I turned off the radio. The radio was turned off （by me）.（4）带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。1) We call him Xiao Wang. He is called Xiao Wang. 2) They told him to help me. He was told to help me.6. 被动语态的几种特殊情况

31、。（1）不及物动词不能用于被动语态。常考查的不及物动词有happen, take place, come out,appear 等。（2）sell, write, wear, wash, open, close 等与副词well, easily 等连用，主动表示被动。若无well, easily等修饰，则用主动语态。 These books sell well. This kind of cloth washes well The door opens （closes）easily.These books are sold in the bookshop.（3）look, feel, soun

32、d, taste, smell, seem等连系动词后加形容词作表语，主动形式表被动。 The fish tastes nice.The paper feels soft.（4）need The bike needs repairing. The bike needs to be repaired.【典型例题】被动语态专项练习单项选择 1. Good books again and again.A. be read B. should be read C. must read D. should read 2. The children by the nurse.A. were looked

33、B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked 3. When the accident _ _ ? A. was, happen B. did, happen C. is, happen D. was, happened 4. The lab about five years ago. A. was build B. was built C. builds D. has been built 5. The picture_ in October, 1996. A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken 6. They _day and night. A. are made work B. are made to work C. made to be worked D. are making to work 7. This English song _ often _ by the children. A.