福建专用2022年高考英语一轮复习语法专题4形容词和副词课件新人教版

1、语法专题四形容词和副词-2-高考感悟考点归纳1.(2019全国,语篇填空)Hungry bears may be congregating around human settlements,leading to the illusion that populations are (high) than they actually are.higher根据空格后面的than可知,此处要用比较级。2.(2019全国,语篇填空改编)They also shared with us many (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popul

2、ar with tourists.traditional所填的词修饰名词,所以用形容词形式。3.(2019天津,单项填空)A dogs eating habit requires regular training before it is (proper) perly修饰动词要用副词形式。4.(2019江苏,单项填空)Unlike traditional gyms,app-backed gyms offer people (flexibility) options to exercise.flexible修饰名词要用形容词形式。flexible“灵活的,有弹性的”

3、。-3-高考感悟考点归纳5.(2018全国,语篇填空)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal,runners live three years (long) than non-runners.longer根据后面的than可知,所填的词要用比较级,故填longer。6.(2018全国,语篇填空)Running is cheap,easy and its always (energy).energetic分析句子成分可知,所填的词做is的表语,故用形容词形式。7.(2018全国,语篇填空)A taste for meat is

4、 (actual) behind the change:An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens,pigs,and cattle.actually根据后面的介词短语behind the change可知,此处应用actual的副词形式,故填actually。-4-高考感悟考点归纳8.(2018全国,语篇填空)He screams the (loud) of all.loudest根据空前的the和空后的of all可知,此处要用最高级loudest。9.(2017全国,语篇填空)However,be (care) not to

5、 go to extremes.carefulbe是系动词,后面要接形容词做表语。care的形容词形式是careful。10.(2017全国,语篇填空)Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been (fair) unpleasant for the passengers,with all the smoke and noise.fairlyunpleasant是形容词,这里用副词fairly修饰,意思是“相当不舒服”。-5-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四1.形容词与副词比较级和最高级的构成规则规则变化-6-高考

6、感悟考点归纳一三二四-7-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四-8-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四特别提醒有少数几个双音节形容词,既可以加-er和-est,又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是:common,handsome, quiet,pleasant,cruel,stupid,tired和以-ow,-er结尾的词。有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度,因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有:right(正确的),wrong(错误的),excellent(优秀的),favourite(最喜爱的),possible(可能的),empty(空的)等。-9-高考感悟考点归纳一三二

7、四不规则变化 -10-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四2.两者相比用“比较级+than”表示。Robert jumps much higher than any of the others.罗伯特跳得比其他任何人都高很多。While finding information is easier than ever,at the same time,researching has become more complex.尽管找信息比以往容易了,然而,研究却变得更加复杂。3.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),a lot,a littl

8、e,a great deal,by far,a bit等。Tony can hardly boil an egg,still less cook dinner.托尼几乎连个鸡蛋也不会煮,更不用说做饭了。I feel much better today.今天我感觉好多了。-11-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四4.“the+比较级.,the+比较级.”表示“越,就越”。The longer you stay home,the better(it will be).你在家待的时间越长越好。5.“the+比较级+of the two+名词”表示“两者中较的那个”。The taller of the two

9、boys is my cousin.两个男孩中个子较高的那个是我表哥。6.“a/an+形容词比较级+名词”表示“一个更的”。It may not be a great suggestion.But before a better one is put forward,well make do with it.这可能不是一个很好的建议,但是在一个更好的建议被提出来之前,我们还是设法应付一下。-12-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四7.“比较级+and+比较级”的结构,表示“越来越”。The girl becomes more and more beautiful.那个女孩变得越来越漂亮。8.“no+比较

10、级+than”表示“和一样不”。He is no taller than his brother.他和他哥哥一样矮。9.more.than.表示一个人两种品质的比较,意为“与其倒不如”。He is more shy than unfriendly.与其说他不友善,还不如说他腼腆。10.某些以-ior结尾的形容词,与to搭配。如:junior,senior,superior等。The book is superior to that one I just finished reading.这本书比我刚读完的那本书好。-13-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四11.三者或三者以上的比较用最高级,表示最高级的

11、词前要用定冠词the。最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite等。Andy is content with the toy.It is the best one he has ever got.安迪对这个玩具很满意。这是他曾经收到的最好的玩具了。This is by far the most inspiring movie that I have ever seen.这是迄今为止我看过的最鼓舞人心的一部电影。-14-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四12.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义。What do y

12、ou think of your new iPad?你觉得你的新平板电脑怎么样?Good.I dont think I can find a better one.很好。我想这是我能买到的最好的平板电脑了。13.“比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示最高级意义,意思为“比其他任何都”。He is taller than any other boy in his class.他比他班里其他任何男孩都高。-15-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四表示双方在程度、性质、特征等方面相同时,用“as+形容词(副词)原级+as”的结构;表示双方不相同时,用“not so(as)+形容词(副词)原级+

13、as”结构表示。There are a small number of people involved,possibly as few as twenty.只有少数人被卷进来,可能只有二十人。This building looks not so(as) high as that one.这栋楼看起来不如那栋楼高。-16-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四常用as.as 结构的词组:1.as long as 只要;和一样长I will work as long as I live.只要活着,我就要工作。2.as far as 远到;就而言As far as I know,he is reliable.就我

14、所知,他很可靠。3.as high as 高达The average cost of one day in a hospital in that country can run as high as $400.在那个国家一天的平均住院费用可高达400美元。-17-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四4.as soon as 一就I will call you up as soon as I get there.我一到那里就给你打电话。5.as well as 既又;和一样好He who plays the piano as well as his father has experience as well

15、 as knowledge.他钢琴弹得和他父亲一样好,而且既有学识又有经验。6.as good as 与一样;几乎;简直;和一样好He as good as called me a coward.他就差说我是懦夫了。-18-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四1.A is+倍数+比较级+than+B2.A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B3.A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height 等)+of+B4.A is+倍数+that+of+B5.A is+倍数+what引导的名词性从句-19-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四This building is three times higher

16、than that one.这个建筑物比那个建筑物高三倍。This building is three times as high as that one.This building is three times the height of that one.这个建筑物是那个建筑物的三倍高。The output of this year is 3 times that of 2018.=The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2018.今年的产量是2018年的三倍。Its said that the power plant is no

17、w twice as large as what it was.据说,现在这个发电厂是原来的两倍大了。-20-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四-21-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四有些动词的分词可以用作形容词,在该形容词后加-ly 则可以构成相应的副词。-22-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四-23-.单句填空1.Confucius is also a (talent) musician who was able to play several instruments expertly.(2019广东深圳市高级中学模拟)talented句意:孔子也是一位能熟练演奏几种乐器的天才音乐家。所填的词修饰名词,所以用形容词

18、形式。2.We had one experience when the power went,but (fortunate), the power was restored within a few hours.(2019河南信阳高三模拟)fortunately句意:我们有一次遇到停电的经历,幸运的是几个小时内就恢复了供电。所填的词修饰整个句子,所以用副词形式。-24-3.If they manage to reduce 7 percent of their (origin) weight,they can pass the course.(2019山东枣庄八中质检)original句意:如果

19、它们能减轻原先体重的7%就通过课程了。所填的词修饰名词,所以用形容词形式。“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,做宾语补足语表示状态用形容词,所以把confidently改成confident。-25-4.The (strong) motivation a learner has,the more time he or she will spend learning a second language.(2018浙江宁波模考)stronger分析句子结构可知,本句是“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,意为“越,就越”,故填stronger。5.It will be often a long

20、time before your friend fully removes that memory,so dont be (disappoint) if it doesnt happen immediately.(2018四川成都高中毕业班第三次诊断性检测)disappointed句意:要过很长时间你的朋友才会忘记那段记忆,所以如果他没有立刻忘记,不要失望。所填的词做be的表语,表示“失望的”,故填disappointed。-26-6.I was scanning the restaurant,waiting to sit at the first table that was (conven

21、ient) than others. more convenient根据该句中的“than”可知,空处用形容词的比较级。7.The rule in her family was that the person who grabbed the _ (high) amount sent the next. highest根据语境并结合常识可知,抢到红包金额最高的人要发下一个红包,故用最高级。-27-8.And learning to do it (correct) gives us a practical way to achieve such things as balance,motor co

22、ntrol and rhythm(节奏) of movement. correctly空处修饰动词do,故用副词形式。9.Sammy,shocked and (speech),went back to work as a crowd gathered at the scene.speechless与shocked并列,根据语境可知,应填speechless。10.It might be much (easy) to push the car backward, Sammy thought.easier根据语境及前面的much可知,此处表示向后面推可能更容易,故填easier。-28-11.(s

23、ad),people can no longer visit the cave.However, another set of cave paintings has been created.Sadly由该句结构可知,空处位于句首做状语,修饰整个句子,故用副词形式。12.Besides,fares in China are (afford).affordable此处应用形容词做表语。affordable意为“负担得起的”,符合语境。13.Of all the ways to prove yourself,eating hot dogs against the clock is surely t

24、he (strange).strangest由定冠词the及句意可知,此处表示这种证明自己的方式是最奇特的,因此应用形容词最高级。-29-14.It must take place in a (care) controlled environment,under the guidance of your doctor.carefully此处修饰controlled需要用副词。15.A place in which people can (free) socialize and express their ideas?freely修饰动词短语socialize and express their

25、 ideas,应用副词freely。16.Of all the cities in the world,one of the top six (healthy) cities is Copenhagen,Denmark.healthiest此处表示“最健康的六大城市之一”,应用形容词最高级。-30-17.If I meet with school violence,I will not answer violence with violence,for it will result in (much) fighting.more句意:如果我遇到校园暴力,我不会以暴制暴,因为这会导致更多的打斗。

26、根据句意可知,空处应使用比较级。18.She did my first two operations when I was a baby,which were the most important and (effect).effective根据and前的important可知,空处应用形容词effective与important并列。19.Dr.Barone was my doctor when I was a kid,and even though I was (probable) just another patient to her,to me she was (much) than

27、just my bably此处应用副词probably在句子中做状语。more由than可知,此处应用比较级形式,即more。-31-.单句改错1.I used to be poorly in spoken English.2.My father was please when I showed him the money a month after.3.My mother was very worrying when I told her.poorlypoor此处应用形容词做表语。pleasepleased此处表示“当我给爸爸看这些钱时他很高兴”,故改为pleased。a

28、fterlater此处表示“一个月以后”,故改为later。worryingworried妈妈很担心,主语为人,应用worried,worrying“令人担忧的”。-32-4.Clear,someone had left it there by accident.5.Im either skilled in using computers.6.Im looking forward to your kindly reply at your earliest convenience.ClearClearly根据逗号的提示可知,此处应用副词做状语,修饰整个句子。eitheralso(除了英语、美术不

29、错,)“我”还擅长使用计算机,also表示“也”。either也表示“也”,但是常用在否定句中。kindlykind修饰名词reply应用形容词。-33-7.Two years before,I was admitted to a high school.8.If Im luckily enough to be chosen as chairman of the Students Union,I will spare no effort to live up to your expectations.9.Animal World is one of my most favourite tele

30、vision programmes.10.But my listeners were waiting patient.beforeago两年前“我”被一所高中录取。two years ago意为“两年前”,与一般过去时连用。luckily lucky分析句子结构可知,此处应用形容词做表语。删除most句意:动物世界是我最喜欢的电视节目之一。favourite意为“最喜欢的”,无最高级形式。patientpatiently修饰动词应用副词形式。-34-11.Of course,if you develop a better habit,you will benefit a lot from it

31、.12.All of a sudden,I kicked the ball so hardly that it flew right onto a vase and broke it.13.Short after it was launched,the pie committee went to the local inn to celebrate.bettergood根据语境可知,此处并没有表示比较的含义,故用形容词原级。hardlyhard修饰“踢球用力”应用副词hard;hardly意为“几乎不”。ShortShortlyshortly after是固定搭配,意为“不久后”。-35-14

32、.Im quitely interested in this job.15.They provide us with food,wood and most important,oxygen.quitelyquitequite本身就是副词。故改为quite。importantimportantly句意:它们为我们提供了食物和木头,最重要的是提供了氧气。此处most importantly是在修饰谓语动词provide,故用副词。-36-.语篇填空(2020山东)Many people have the hobby of collecting things,e.g.stamps, postcard

33、s or antiques.In the 18th and 19th centuries,1.(wealth) people travelled and collected plants,historical objects and works of art.They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2. until they died,and then it was given to a museum.The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,for example,3

34、. (form) the core collection of the British Museum 4. opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 5.(call) galleries or rooms.Often,only a small part of a museums collection 6.(be) on display.Most of it is stored away or used for research.-37-Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors.As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations