大豆食用油加工主要工艺中英文

1、 2、各车间工艺流程简述Briefexplanationofprocessdiagramofeachplant总工艺流程图Chiefprocessflowdiagram大豆Soya预处理Pretreatment料坯浸出Extractionofextrudedflakes粕包装一成品大豆粕MealpackingFinishedproductmeal浸出毛豆油ExtractedcrudeSoyaoil各车间工艺流程图Eachplantsprocessflowdiagram油料预处理车间Pretreatmentplantofoilseed大豆一计量清理除铁去石软化1SoyameasuringClea

2、ningRemovingRemovingSofteningsteelstone1r大豆坯片一冷却一-一烘干轧坯SoyaflakesCoolingDryingFlaking221.1计量measuring:连续自动计量进入生产线的原料Measureinputmaterialandcontinuously.清理cleaning：去除油料中草屑、枝叶等农业杂质Removegrass,branches,leavesorotheragricultureimpurityfrommaterial；除铁removingsteel:去除油料中的铁质杂质Removesteelfrommaterial

3、去石removingstone:去除油料中的砂、石Removesandandstoneinthematerial软化softening:油料升温和调节水分Heatmaterialandadjustmoisturecontent轧坯flaking:压料成薄片，缩短油路Pressmaterialtoflakestoshortenoilpath烘干Drying:坯片受热升温、去水，同时内部组织发生变化Heatflakestoremovemoisture.Atthesametimeinternalstructureofflakeshasbeenchanged.冷却:烘干后坯

4、料温度较高，通过风冷降温，同时去除部分水分Temperatureofheatedflakesishigh,coolthembyairandremovemoistureinside.浸出车间Extractionplant大豆坯SoyaflakesWetmealdesolventisingDrymeal浸出Extraction:用正乙烷对大豆坯浸泡，萃取其中的油脂，分离出混合油和湿粕ExtractextrudedSoyaflakesbyhexanetogetoilandseparateoilfromwetmeal混合油蒸发Miscellaevaporation:加热混合

5、油(含正已烷的油脂)，使其中的正已烷汽化蒸发Heatmiscella(oilwithhexane)toevaporatehexane222.3汽提Steamstripping:利用直接蒸汽进一步蒸发出油中的正已烷Evaporatehexanefartherbydirectsteam2.224真空干燥Vacuumdrying:在一定温度和真空的条件下，脱除油中水分。Underspecialconditionsoftemperatureandvacuum,removewateraway.222.5湿粕脱溶Wetmealdesolventizing:采用加热和蒸烘的方法脱除湿粕中所含的正已烷Byhe

6、atingandtoastingwetmealtoremovehexaneinthemeal2.226溶剂冷凝回收Solventcondensingandrecycling:用冷凝和吸收等方法回收蒸发、汽提、脱溶过程中所挥发的溶剂,回收的溶剂再循环使用Bycondensation,absorptionandotherwaystorecyclehexanevolatizingfromevaporation,steamstrippinganddesolventizingforcirculation222.7系统产生的含溶尾气经石蜡回收后排放。Hexaneinthetailgasfromextrac

7、tionsystemwillbeabsorbedfirst,andbeventedlater.大豆粕包装车间SoyamealpackingplantBlower1111-除尘器输送冷却粉碎机定量包装CycloneCoolingMealbreakingQuantifyingandpacking风机Vent排空MealTransportationProductmeal输送Transportation:粕从浸出车间输送到粕冷却车间Transportmealfromextractionplanttomealcoolingplant冷却：粕进入冷粕机再一次得到冷却,以便保证贮藏质量。粉碎M

8、ealbreaking:利用粉碎机粉碎大豆粕，以便贮藏包装BreakSoyamealbybreakerforconvenientpackingandstorage定量包装Quantifyingandpackin:按50kg/包80kg/包自动打包Automaticallypackmealas50kgperbag80kgperbag除尘Dustremoving:设备运转时气流带走一些粕粉，利用除尘器进行捕集Aircomingfrommachinescarrieslotsofmealpowder,andcollectthembycloneOurindustryprocessesdif

9、ferentkindsofoleaginousseeds,beans,fruitsandnutsfortheproductionofvegetableoilsmainlyforhumanconsumptionbutalsoforanimalfeedingandfortechnicalpurposesandfortheproductionofoilseedmealswhichareusedasproteinrichfeedingstuffs.Usuallycrushingplantshaveintegratedrefiningfacilitiesthatproducefattyproductsw

10、hichcanbeintendedforfood,feedortechnicalusages.Theflowchartsherebelowillustratethevariousstepsoftheoilseedsprocessingfortheproductionofmeals,crudeandrefinedoils.Beneath,themainindividualprocessingstepsaredescribedinfurtherdetail.OilseedscrushingCleaning,DryingandPreparationoftheseeds/beansAsafirstst

11、eptheseed/beaniscleanedanddried.Foreignmaterial(likestones,glassandmetal)istakenoutbysievingandmagnetsanddisposedofoutsidethefeedchain.Dryingisperformedbyavoidingcontactwithcombustiongassesunlessnaturalgasisused.Thepreparationoftheseedsbeforeanextractionstepdependsonthekindofseed/beanandtherequiredq

12、ualityofthemeal.Someoilseeds,likesoybeansandsunflowerseed,maybedehulledafterthecleaningstep.Afterdehullingthemealwillhavealowercrudefibrecontent,andhenceahigherproteincontent.Thehullscanalsobeusedforfeedingpurposes,assuchorinpelletizedform.CrushingandHeatingInthepast,crushingwasdonebetweenmillstones

13、thatlaterbecamesteelrolls.Hencethefactoriesareknownasoilmillsandtheprocessasoilmillingoroilcrushing.Seedswithahighoilcontent,likerapeseedandsunflowerseed,areusuallymechanicallypressedinexpellersafterapreheatingstepinindirectlyheatedconditioners.Theexpellercake(orpressedcake)willthenbefurthertreatedi

14、ntheextractor,sinceitmightstillcontentfrom4to8oreven10percentofoil.Althoughinsomecasestheexpellercakeisnotfurtherextractedbutafterdeepexpellingsoldassuchforfeedpurposes.Theexpellerworksasfollows:theoilbearingmaterialisfedintooneendofacylinderwithinwhichapower-drivenwormconveyorforcesthematerialtothe

15、otherendofthecylinderandoutagainstresistance.Thepressureexertedintheprocesssqueezesouttheoil.Soybeans,witharelativelylowoilcontent,arethermallytreated,mechanicallycrushedandusedasrawmaterial/flakesforfurtherextraction.Sometimestherawmaterialispressedwithoutheating;suchoilsareknownascold-pressedoils.

16、Sincecoldpressingdoesnotextractalltheoil,itispracticedonlyintheproductionofafewspecialedibleoils,i.e.oliveoil.DegummingCrudeoilshavingrelativelyhighlevelsofphosphatides(e.g.,soybeanoil)maybedegummedpriortorefiningtoremovethemajorityofthosephospholipidcompounds.Duringthedegummingprocessthecrudeoilist

17、reatedwithalimitedamountofwaterinordertohydratethephosphatidesandthenseparatethembycentrifugation.Afterthedegummingprocess,thecrudeoilisdried.Soybeanoilisthemostcommonoiltobedegummed;thephospholipidsareoftenrecoveredandfurtherprocessedtoyieldavarietyoflecithinproducts.PressedcrudeoilTheresultingpres

18、sedcrudeoilcanbeconsumedassuchorbefurtherrefined.SolventextractionSolventextractionisusedtoseparateoilfromseeds/beanswiththeprincipleistoemployavolatileliquidinwhichtheoilisfreelysoluble.Thecommonsolventusedbycrushersishexane*.Thepre-processedseeds/beansaretreatedinamultistagecounter-currentprocessw

19、ithsolventuntiltheremainingoilcontentisreducedtothelowestpossiblelevel.*HexaneinaccordancewithCouncilDirective88/344/EEConextractionsolventsusedintheproductionoffoodstuffsandfoodingredients.RemovingofsolventbydistillationThemiscella,amixtureofoilandsolvent,isseparatedbydistillationintotwocomponents,

20、oilandsolvent.Thesolventisrecycledintotheextractionprocess.ExtractedcrudeoilCrudeoilsobtainedbypressingand/orextractionaresometimesuseddirectlyforfoodandfeedpurposes.Inmostcases,however,thecrudeoilsarerefinedinamultistageprocess.Crudeoilsmightcontainsubstancesandtracecomponents,whichareundesirablefo

21、rtaste,stability,appearance,andodourormayinterferewithfurtherprocessing.Thesesubstancesandtracecomponentsincludeseedparticles,impurities,phosphatides,carbohydrates,proteins,andtracesofmetals,pigments,waxes,oxidationproductsoffattyacids,polycyclicaromatichydrocarbonsandpesticideresidues.Internalspeci

22、ficationsdevelopedbytheoilsandfatssectorstipulatethatcrudeoilsshouldmeetcertainqualityrequirements.Infact,thisisakeystepinensuringthatwhenrefiningisappliedtothisrawmaterial,thefullyrefinedoilissuitableforhumanconsumption.DesolventingandToastingThehexane-containingmealistreatedinthedesolventisingtoasterwiththehelpofindirectheatingandsteam.Thedesolventisingtoastingprocessservesthreepurposes.Firstly,to