高中英语 直接引语与间接引语素材 牛津版必修3

1、PAGE PAGE 3用心 爱心 专心直接引语和间接引语直接引用别人原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。间接引语常用宾语从句表达。直接引语前后要用引号，间接引语不用引号。He Said: “I have seen the film.”他说：“我已经看过这部电影。”（直接引语）He said that he had seen the film. 他说他已经看过这部电影了。（间接引语）怎样把直接引语改为间接引语?直接引语改为间接引语的方法：根据意思改变人称。如：They said, “We are busy now.” （直接引语）They said that they were

2、 busy then.（间接引语）一般来说第三人称代词常常不变，第一人称一般变为第二人称。 若主句的谓语是过去时态，直接引语改为间接引语时，要调整时态。直接引语间接引语现在时 过去时过去时 过去完成时（少数不变）现在完成时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时过去完成时不变现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时由上述内容可知，时态的变化都是由现在的某个时态而变成了达去的某个时态。要特别注意，客观真理以及过去完成时在改为间接引语时，不需作时态调整。指示代词，时间状语也要作调整。直接引语间接引语thisthatthesethosenow thentoday that daytonight th

3、at nighttomorrowthe next (following) daynext day (month, year) the next day (month, year)yesterdaythe day beforeyesterday afternoonthe afternoon beforelast year (month) the year (month) beforeagobeforehere there注：动词（come）也常变为go若直接引语为陈述句，改为间接引语时，用连词that引导（口语中常省略），其它作相应的变化。He said, “Ive just got a let

4、ter from my sister.”He said he had just got a letter from his sister.需要说明的是，若引号里是两句话，改为间接引语后，第二句前也要用that连接起来。“He was here a few weeks ago, and he came again yesterday.” she said.She said that he had been there a few weeks before, and that he had come again the day before.若直接引语为一般疑问句（原为倒装语序），改为间接引语时要

5、用陈述句的语序而且还要加连词if 或whether引出。注意whether后还可跟or ，但if 不能。Whether可用在介词后或带to的不定式前面，而if不能。但若宾语从句为否定句时，常用if而不用whether。He asked, “Are you a teacher or a student?”He asked me whether I was a teacher or a student.注：如果主句中的谓语为said，改为间接引语时要用asked，无间接宾语，要适当加一个me，us，him等。如：He said, “ Are you ready?”He asked me if I

6、was ready.若直接引语为特殊疑问句，间接引语就要使用疑问词引出，而且要用陈述句语序。“What are you doing here?” the guard said to us.The guard asked us what we were doing there.当直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语要改为带复合宾语（宾语宾语补足语）的句子，宾补用不定式表示。即：ask (tell, order, beg, etc) someone (not) to do something。注意不要用said。“Dont mention it again,” the said to her husban

7、d.She asked her husband not to mention it again一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：1. “I am having supper,” he said. He said that _ _ having supper.2. “Ive seen the film,” Gina said to me. Gina _ me that she _ _ the film. 3. “I went home with my sister,” she said. She said that _ _ _ home with her sister.4. The te

8、acher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”The teacher said that the sun _ bigger than the moon.5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me.He told me that he _ met her the day _.6. “You must come here before five,” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,

9、” she said.She said that she _ bought the computer two weeks _.8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said.He _ _ I had read the book the week _.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11. “Where

10、 have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _ _ _ been _ days. 12 “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.13. “Keep quiet, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ quiet.14. “Dont look out of the window,” she said.She told me _ _ _ out of the window. 15. “Are you

11、interested in this?” he said.He _ _ I was interested in _.【答案详解】1. he, was。在直接引语变为间接引语时，代词I要变为he；主句为过去时态，宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即现在进行时am having变为过去进行时was having。2. told, had, seen。直接引语中的said to sb在变为间接引语时应改为told sb；现在完成时have seen改为过去完成时had seen。3. she, had, gone。直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词I 应变为she；一般过去时went改为过去完成时had

12、 gone。4. is。直接引语变为间接引语时，若直接引语为客观真理，则变为间接引语时时态不变。5. had, before。直接引语是一般过去时met，变为间接引语时应改为过去完成时had met；时间状语yesterday应改为the day before(from )。6. had, there。如直接引语中的谓语动词含有情态动词must，变为间接引语时用had to；地点状语here 相应地改为there。7. had, before。直接引语是一般过去时bought，变为间接引语时应改为过去完成时had bought；时间状语two weeks ago应改为two weeks bef

13、ore。8. asked, if (whether), before。当直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时said应改为asked，然后加上连接词if或whether；时间状语last week 改为the week before。9. told, could。根据句意第一空应用动词told；直接引语中含有情态动词can，变为间接引语时应改为could。10. how, she, had。如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍用how引导，疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，一般过去时改为过去将来时。11. where, I, had, those。直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍用where引导，疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，现在完成时改为过去完成时，指示代词these相应地变为those。12. if (whether), I, lived。直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时应用if或whether引导，人称you和动词时态lives也相应地变为I 和lived(from )。13. told, to, keep。如直接引语为肯定的祈使句时，在变为间接引语时，可使用ask tell, orde