16种英语时态市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

1、时态Tense第1页2一、时态概述16种时态现在过去未来过去未来普通动作普通现在普经过去普通未来普经过去未来进行动作现在进行过去进行未来进行过去未来进行完成动作现在完成过去完成未来完成过去未来完成完成进行动作现在完成进行过去完成进行未来完成进行过去未来完成进行第2页3二、普通现在时态普通现在时基本使用方法使用方法1: 表示经常发生习惯性动作或者存在状态. He often goes to the gym. I like the rice for dinner. He doesnt work hand.形式: do 或does(第三人称单数)此使用方法常与一些表示动作频率时间副词连用(副词放在b

2、e动词之后, 实义动词之前).1) 表示必定频率副词: always, frequently, usually, sometimes, often, occasionally, generally 等.2) 表示否定频率副词: never, seldom, rarely 等. He always goes to school by bike.第3页4使用方法2: 表示不受时间限制事实陈说或客观性真理. The earth moves around the sun. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. Knowledge is powe

3、r.二、普通现在时态普通现在时基本使用方法使用方法3: 有时用普通现在时表示正在发生动作. Here comes your friend. There goes our bus; well have to wait for the next one.用在以there或here开头句中,表示当前短暂动作.第4页5使用方法4:有时用普通现在时表示未来发生动作.二、普通现在时态普通现在时基本使用方法 Please let me know when he comes back. What are you going to do when you leave school. Ill give the b

4、ook to him as soon as I see him. Ill be glad if she comes over to visit me.主要用在条件状语从句(if, unless)和时间状语从句(when, as soon as, befor, after, etc.)中, 表示未来动作.第5页6三、普通过去时态普通过去时基本使用方法使用方法1: 表示过去时间所发生动作或存在状态.形式: did He was late for school this morning. I bought this computer three years ago. I was tired last

5、 night, so I went to bed early.使用方法2: 表示过去一段时间一直连续或重复发生动作. He used to do morning exercises. I lived in the country for ten years. He took a walk after supper when he was alive.第6页7四、普通未来时态普通未来时基本使用方法使用方法1: 表示预测将要发生某事,用will或be going to do.形式: will do 或be going to dobe going to 尤其意指依据当前显著迹象来推断某件事要发生;

6、will 则只是表名说话人认为或相信某件事要发生be going to 通惯用来表示说话人预期所说事件马上或在相当近未来就要发生; will 所表示动作发生时间可近可远. Look at this black clouds! Its going to rain. I feel terrible, I think Im going to be sick. The bridge will collapse. The bridge is going to collapse.第7页8四、普通未来时态普通未来时基本使用方法使用方法2: 表示行动计划时用be going to do; 表示意愿时用will

7、.be going to 表示说话人对未来行动计划或打算, 通常是事先考虑并含有已经为这一行动作了一些准备意思.will 表示意愿,则表示在说话时刻马上做出决定, 表明将去做某事, 并没有经过事先考虑, 更没有为这一活动做出事先准备. I have bought a computer and Im going to learn the computer science. Someone is knocking at the door. Ill go and open it.第8页9五、现在进行时态现在进行时基本使用方法使用方法1: 表示说话此刻动作正在进行.形式: am/is/are + do

8、ing He is not available now. he is talking on the phone. Please dont make so much noise. I am studying.使用方法2: 表示现阶段正在连续动作,说话时刻动作不一定正在发生. These days I am translating a book. I am feeding the neighbors cat this week while shes in hospital. Mr. Green is writing another novel.第9页10五、现在进行时态现在进行时基本使用方法使用方

9、法3: 表示最近未来一定安排. 通常含有“计划”, “安排做”之意. I am taking a makeup test tomorrow. what are you doing on Saturday night? Im doing some shopping with Jane.使用方法4: 常与always, forever, continually, constantly 等连用,表示埋怨,厌烦, 不合情理或使人不愉快事. Hes always messing up the kitchen. Hes continually asking me for money.第10页11六、过去进

10、行时态过去进行时基本使用方法使用方法1: 用来描述一个过去特定时刻正在发生事情.形式: was/were + doing I was discussing my thesis with my director at this time last night.使用方法2: 常与普通过去时配合使用.此时,过去进行时通常表示一个历时较长作为”背景”动作或状态; 而普通过去时则表示此”背景”下发生短暂动作或状态.过去进行时动作先发生,普通过去时动作后发生. I was watching TV when the phone rang. I cut my finger when I was cooking

11、 the dinner last night.第11页12七、未来进行时态未来进行时基本使用方法使用方法1: 表示未来某一特定时刻正在进行动作.形式: will be doing Ill be lying on a beach in Sanya this time tomorrow. Wait until seven oclock so that they wont still be eating. Dont call me at nine tomorrow because I will be studying at the library.第12页13知识扩展：不用进行时动词1) 事实状态动

12、词：have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue I have two brothers. This house belongs to my sister.2) 心理状态动词：know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate I nee

13、d your help. He loves her very much.3) 瞬间动词：accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse I accept your advice.4)系动词：seem, remain, lie, look, sound, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn You seem a little tired.第13页14现在完成时基本使用方法使用方法1: 延续到现在动作或状态.形式: have/has done八、现在完成时态开始于过去动作一直连续现

14、在，而且还可能继续连续下去。谓语动词普通为延续性动词。 I have lived here for 3 years. The teacher has taught in this school since I came here. Since time began, man has lived in fear of fire.第14页15知识扩展：与现在完成时搭配时间状语1) Since+时间点 I have worked in this company since 1980.2) for+时间段 Great changes have taken place in Changsha for t

15、he past few years.3) “到当前为止”：until now, up until now, up to now, up till now, so far We have up until now failed to take any action to decide on a common language that would further communication between nations.4) “在最近几世纪/年/月以来”：in/over the past few years, for the last few centuries, throughout his

16、tory, through centuries Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die, for the very nature of life includes death.第15页16现在完成时基本使用方法使用方法2: 过去发生但与现在仍有联络动作或状态.八、现在完成时态表示在不确定过去发生动作对现在仍有影响，谓语动词普通为短暂性动词。 He has broken his leg. He broke his leg.试比较第16页17知识扩展：第二种现在完成时态使用技

17、巧1) 这种完成时态必定句不与“一段时间”时间状语连用 He has left his hometown for 3 years. (经典错误) He left his hometown 3 years ago. He has been away from his hometown for 3 years.Note: 短暂性动词完成时句子若用否定句，表示还未发生事情，则可作为一个状态，表示延续。 I havent bought a pair of shoes for a year.2) 与不确定时间时间状语连用： already, yet, often, just, never. He has

18、 already arrived. Has it stopped raining yet ?第17页18现在完成时基本使用方法使用方法3: 到当前一个时间段内重复发生动作.八、现在完成时态表示到当前为止一个时间段内重复发生动作。 We have taken three tests so far this week. I have made many new friends since I came to Chaozhou.第18页19知识扩展：其它使用现在完成时结构1) This/That/It is+序数词+名词+that+现在完成时 It is the third time that Iv

19、e come to Beijing. It is the fifth time that someone has knocked at my door.2) This/That/It is+最高级或only修饰名词+现在完成时 This is the most interesting movie that Ive ever seen. It is the worst book that Ive ever read.小结：现在完成时总是与现在有着亲密联络；或是表示到现在为止这一段时间“一直在延续”或“重复发生”动作或状态；或是表示影响现实状况事件。第19页20知识扩展：现在完成时和普通过去时比较

20、1) 现在完成时第二种使用方法表示也是过去动作或情况，强调过去动作对现在影响时才用现在完成时。 I havent seen him this morning.(说话时间this morning) I didnt see him this morning. （说话时间“今天晚上或下午”）2) 在用于延续性动词时两个时态区分 He has been in the army for 6 years. (他入伍以来已经6年了。) He was in the army for 6 years. (他当过6年兵，现在不是了。) I have smoked for 2 years. (我有两年烟龄了。) I

21、 smoked for 2 years. (我抽了两年烟，现在不抽了。)第20页21过去完成时基本使用方法使用方法1: 开始于过去之前(即过去过去)动作或状态在过去这一时刻仍在进行.九、过去完成时态表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间之前已经开始，这一动作或状态一直连续到这一过去时刻，而且到这一过去时刻还没有结束病仍有可能继续连续下去。 I had learned 1000 words by the end of last year.形式: had done第21页22过去完成时基本使用方法使用方法2: 表示开始于过去之前动作或状态到过去这一时刻之前已经停顿.九、过去完成时态表示一个动作或状态在过

22、去某一时间之前已经开始，这一动作或状态在这一过去时刻之前即已结束，而且没有连续到这一过去时刻。此时过去完成时动作为短暂动作。 He had made everything ready before I came. Her baby had fallen asleep when she went into the room.第22页23过去完成时基本使用方法使用方法3: 在过去之前开始动作，在过去之前一段时间内重复发生.九、过去完成时态 I had written her 100 letters when she finally promised to marry me. I had propo

23、sed to her five times, but she still refused to marry me.第23页24过去完成时基本使用方法使用方法4: intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think, propose, wish等动词过去完成时表示过去未能实现计划、构想、意图或希望等.九、过去完成时态 I had intended to see you, but I was busy. They had hoped to see you off at the airport, but they got there too

24、late.使用方法5: 用在“It was the+序数词或最高级+that+”句型中. It was the third time that I had met him.第24页25知识扩展：过去完成时和普通过去时比较1) 两个或两个以上相继发生动作，用 and 或 but 按动作发生先后次序连接，此时用普通过去时；过去完成时则强调主语在过去某一时刻及更早时动作。 He opened the door and entered, but found nobody. I realized that we had met before.2) 在表示两个相继发生动作时，过去完成时表示一个动作完成之后

25、，另一个动作才开始发生，从而使得两个动作相互独立；普通过去时则可能表示一个动作造成另一个动作，或两个动作之间有一中因果关系。 When I had opened all the windows I sat down and had a cup of tea. When I had opened the window the cat jumped out.第25页26未来完成时基本使用方法使用方法1:延续到未来动作或状态.十、未来完成时态形式: will have done I will have learned 10000 words by the end of the next year.

26、The old man will have worked in this factory for 50 years when he retires next month.第26页27未来完成时基本使用方法使用方法2:如同现在完成时第二种使用方法未来完成时.十、未来完成时态 By the year 2050, scientists probably will have discovered a cure for cancer. We will have finished our exam by the end of next week.第27页28未来完成时基本使用方法使用方法3:在未来之前开始

27、动作，在未来之前一段时间内重复发生.十、未来完成时态 By five oclock this afternoon the spaceship will have traveled eleven times around the earth.第28页29现在完成进行时基本使用方法使用方法1:强调时间连续性。十一、现在完成进行时时态形式: have/has been doingThe telephone has been ringing for almost a minute. Why doesnt someone answer it?The weather has been changeable

28、 lately; Ive been having a lot of colds.使用方法2:表重复。叙述从过去某时到现在或最近已在重复动作。第29页30现在完成进行时基本使用方法使用方法3:过去开始, 现在刚才停顿动，对现在有直接影响。十一、现在完成进行时时态形式: have been doingMy hands are dirty. Ive been painting the car.第30页31过去完成进行时基本使用方法使用方法1:强调时间连续性。表示过去某一时间之前一直进行动作。十二、过去完成进行时时态形式: had been doingI had been looking for it

29、 for days before I found it.这东西我找了好多天才找着。The doctor asked what he had been eating.使用方法2:过去完成进行时还惯用于间接引语中。第31页32知识扩展：过去完成进行时和过去完成时比较She had cleaned the office, so it was very tidy.她已经清扫过办公室了，所以很整齐。 (强调结果)She had been cleaning the office, so we had to wait outside. 她一直在清扫办公室，所以我们不得不在外面等着。 (强调动作一直在进行)第

30、32页33未来完成进行时基本使用方法使用方法:与未来完成时所用时间状语基本相同。强调在未来某一时刻前一直在连续动作。十三、未来完成进行时态 By the end of this month, we will have been living in this city for 5 years.形式: shall/will have been doing第33页34过去未来完成进行时基本使用方法使用方法:惯用于间接引语中。常与before+未来时间或by+未来时间连用。十四、过去未来完成进行时态形式: should/would have been doingShe told me that she

31、 would have been teaching English for 30 years by the end of this year.第34页35普通过去未来基本使用方法使用方法1:表示从过去时间对待未来要发生动作或状态。和表示过去未来时间状语连用，多见于从句，尤其是宾语从句中（当主句是过去时，宾语从句表示将要发生事，用过去未来时）十五、普通过去未来时态形式: should/would doHe told us that he would become a doctor in seven years. 第35页36普通过去未来基本使用方法使用方法2:过去未来时常可用来表示过去习惯性动作

32、。此时，不论什么人称，一律用would。十五、普通过去未来时态形式: should/would doWhenever he had time，he would do some reading. I would play with him when I was a child. 第36页37过去未来进行时基本使用方法使用方法1:表示就过去某一时间而言,未来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行动作,主要用于宾语从句 中,尤其多用于间接引语中。 十六、过去未来进行时态形式: should/would be doingThey said they would be coming. He said that h

33、e could not come because he would be having a meeting. 使用方法2:表示在过去某一时间之后即将进行动作。 第37页38过去未来完成时基本使用方法使用方法:表示在过去看来，未来某时会已经完成动作。 十七、过去未来完成时态形式: should/would have doneshe said she would have finished her exams by then. 第38页391. The old man _ two days after he had been sent to hospital. A. died B. would d

34、ie C. had died D. has died 2. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon _ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned 3. I _ my son _ a doctor, but he wasnt good enough at science. A. hoped; would become B. had hoped; would become C. had hoped; will become D. ho

35、pe; will become 4. I _ to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away. A. hope B. have hoped C. had hoped D. hoped 5. Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come 英语时态练习AABCC第

36、39页406. Look! How wonderful my car is! Oh, Jack. What are you thinking about? Dont you like it? Im sorry I _ any remark about it in time. I certainly think its smart.A. wasnt making B. dont makeC. wont makeD. didnt make7. To find the street where I lived in my childhood is no easy task because the c

37、ity _ so rapidly all these years.A. is changingB. has changedC. will have changedD. will change8. He _ quite well, but he hasnt had time to swim since this summer.A. will swim B. have swumC. swam D. swims9. Jimmy said that he would come to pick me up, but he _by now.A. hasnt turned up B. doesnt turn

38、 upC. wont turn up D. hadnt turned up英语时态练习DADA第40页4110. Im terribly sorry for being late, but I _ the wrong bus.A. catch B. had caughtC. caughtD. catching11. The truth, sir, is that the old man _ across the road when my car hit him.A. was to walk B. had been walking C. walked D. was walking12. I really dont think Rose will be upset, but I will go and see her in case she _.A. is B. does C. will beD. has been13. The computers made