2022职称英语考试测试题及答案

1、本文格式为 Word 版，下载可任意编辑第 PAGE 4 页 共 4 页2022 职称英语考试测试题及答案2022 职称英语考试测试题及答案Avalanche and Its SafetyAn avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are 1 the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.All avalanches are caus

2、ed by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope2 supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is 3 an avalanche, 4 a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees

3、 or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low 5 of avalanche. Snow does not 6significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not 7 easily on fiat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snows angle of rest1 is 8 35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at wh

4、ich the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38 degrees. The rule of thumb2 is:A slope that is 9 enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle. Additionally3, avalanche risk increases with 10 ; that is, the more a slope is di

5、sturbed by skiers, the more likely it is that an avalanche will occur.Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry4 is never 100% safe. Good avalanche safety is a continuous 11 , including route selection and examination to the snowpack, weather 12 , and human factors.

6、Several well-knowngood habits can also 13 the risk. If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paid 14 to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they wer

7、e made. Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are 15 or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.angle of rest：这里指积雪保持静止的角度。rule of.thumb：指“a broadly accurate principle，based on experience or practice rather that theory，即“通用法那么， 阅历法那么 。Addition

8、ally：是一个副词，用来引人新的事实或论点，意为“此外。backcountry：人烟稀有的地区。练习:A among B of C to D inA when B that C who D whoseA mostly B likely C clearly D surelyA are B will be C is D wasA weight B form C risk D workA fall B flow C roll D gatherA fall B flow C roll D gatherA among B between C with D forA thick B thin C fla

9、t D rockyA use B time C snow D rainA journey B trip C fact D processA conditions B reports C forecast D eventA increase B reduce C improve D removeA price B effort C attention D moneyA missing B grown C big D fresh 答案与题解：1.A 表达“雪崩是山上可能发生的昀大危急之一 的意思，因此应中选择 among(在之中)。2.B 从该句的语法构造上来看，此处需要一个关系代词，代替slop

10、e，所以 that 是昀佳选择。选项 A、C、D 均不符合语法。3.B 选项 A 不符合语法， C 和 D 符合语法，但不符合常识：过度的雪的积压可能导致雪崩，而不是必定导致雪崩。所以， B 是昀佳答avalanche 符合上下文的意思。下面的句子解释了 low risk of avalanche 的道理，更证明白选 risk 是正确的。6.D 第 6 和第 7 题可以一起考虑。整个句子的意思是：在坡度大的坡上，雪不会大量积累。在较为平坦的坡面，雪不会轻易滑动。7.B(见 6)8.B 理解了句子的意思就不难推断选项：雪在静止状态下，角度在 3545 度之间，昀可能发生人为触发的雪崩。betwe

11、en：在之间。9.C 这个句子说明的是什么样的山坡昀易发生雪崩，即，A slope案。4.C 该句的主语是 Determining the critical load，从上下文来that is flat enough to hold snow but steep enough to sk 。i 在此做 “平坦解，与后面的 steep 形成反义。flat看应当使用一般如今时，所以 C 是正确答案。5.C 要确定此题答案的一个有效的方法是排解法。 a low weight/form work of avalanche 都不合规律，只有 a low risk of10.A 句中的 that is 说明，后半局部是对前半局部的进一步说明。所以，这里的选择要依据下文的意思推断。use 是昀佳选择，整个句子的意思是：山坡被滑雪者使用的越多，雪崩就越可能发生。11.D 尽管选项 A、B 和 D 都能和 continuous 搭配，从全段的内容推断，只有 process 是昀佳选择，由于该段描写的是如何防范雪崩， 及如何做好平安措施等一系列问题。12.A 选项 A、B、C 都可以与 weather 搭配，但是依据上下文，只有 A 昀为符合文章的内容。13.B 选项 A