【外刊精读】人与自然：高温来袭除了热射病还应注意什么

1、【外刊精读】人与自然：高温来袭，除了热射病还应注意什么？【导读】今年入夏以来，多地出现高温天气，热射病频频刷屏。烈日炎炎下，除了消暑预防热射病，我们还应注意什么？其实很多国家都出现了越来越多的高温天气，近日英国卫报有一篇文章谈到了高温对心理健康的影响，下面来阅读了解一下吧。一、语篇泛读Higher temperatures can pose additional challenges for people with mental health conditionsPeople with mental health conditions are advised to speak to medic

2、al professionals if they notice a worsening in their symptoms in a heatwave.With temperatures in the UK breaking records on Tuesday, what is the impact of heatwaves on mental health?Are heatwaves a concern for mental health?“In recent years theres been an increasingly large body of research showing

3、us that heatwaves worsen outcomes for those with underlying psychiatric illnesses,” says Dr Laurence Wainwright, a departmental lecturer at the Smith school and the precision psychiatry lab at the University of Oxford.“Rates of suicides go up, levels of mortality go up, for those with existing condi

4、tions symptoms can be worsened,” he adds, noting that for people with conditions such as bipolar disorder, extreme heat can trigger manic phases.Prof Tahseen Jafry, the director of the Mary Robinson Centre for Climate Justice at Glasgow Caledonian University, says: “With increased temperature rises,

5、 there is evidence to show that there are more frequent visits to hospitals for mental health, mental illnesses and behavioural and mood disorders.”One study from the UK, published in 2007, found a 3.8% increase in suicide rates for every 1C rise in average temperature above 18C.Researchers have als

6、o found that higher temperatures are associated with an increase in aggression and violence possibly due to the impact on various hormones and can affect cognitive function, leaving people feeling fuzzy-headed.Why does the heat affect mental health?It is likely there are several factors at play. Amo

7、ng them, Wainwright notes, is that many people have interrupted sleep during heatwaves. “What the evidence shows us very, very clearly is that poor-quality sleep and/or shorter sleep duration can worsen outcomes in those, say, with major depressive disorder,” he says. “A couple of nights of broken s

8、leep can be a trigger for the onset of their depressive phase.”He adds that the heat can worsen some side-effects of psychiatric medication or in some cases make the medication less effective. Whats more, some medications affect the bodys ability to thermoregulate or otherwise impair individuals abi

9、lity to take appropriate measures.“The antipsychotics which we use in schizophrenia and bipolar, they can actually have an impact on peoples perception of thirst,” says Wainwright. “The body has a very good way of telling us when were thirsty, but when were taking these medications, that can be impa

10、cted and during a heatwave that obviously poses problems for heat-related illnesses.”People may experience indirect effects such as raised concerns over issues such as food insecurity or migration. Jafry says: “Those things can then affect peoples mental health and well-being because its about how d

11、o we cope with, and adapt to, these changing circumstances.”What can we do?As well as taking steps to keep cool and hydrated, Wainwright advises keeping medications out of the sun and remembering to take them, avoiding alcohol, taking steps to sleep well, and practising self-compassion, such as not

12、criticising oneself for being less productive than usual.He also recommends that people with mental health conditions speak to medical professionals if they notice a worsening in their symptoms, or issues related to their medication.Wainwright adds that among other steps, health policy must be reori

13、ented as understanding of the relationship between heat and mental health improves, and public education is needed around this relationship.Jafry calls for dedicated mental health support, for example through trained community nurses, to help deal with the impact of heatwaves and other extreme event

14、s.Wainwright says: “Heatwaves, and the effects they have on our mental health, are important reminders that the best thing we can do to help ourselves and future generations is to act on climate change.”选自：The Guardian二、语篇精读Higher temperatures can pose additional challenges for people with mental he

15、alth conditionspose challenges for sb. 给带来挑战，对构成挑战condition n. 熟词僻义 疾病People with mental health conditions are advised to speak to medical professionals if they notice a worsening in their symptoms in a heatwave.worsening n. 恶化，变得更坏symptom n. 症状heatwave n. 酷热期，热浪With temperatures in the UK breaking

16、records on Tuesday, what is the impact of heatwaves on mental health?break records 破纪录【长难句解析】With temperatures in the UK breaking records on Tuesday, what is the impact of heatwaves on mental health?译文：周二英国气温高到破纪录，那么热浪来袭对心理健康有什么影响呢？解析：With temperatures in the UK breaking records on Tuesday为with复合结构的

17、一种形式，其构成为“with+n.+v-ing”，作句子的状语；impact on.意为“对的影响”，注意介词用on。Are heatwaves a concern for mental health?“In recent years theres been an increasingly large body of research showing us that heatwaves worsen outcomes for those with underlying psychiatric illnesses,” says Dr Laurence Wainwright, a departme

18、ntal lecturer at the Smith school and the precision psychiatry lab at the University of Oxford.an increasingly large body of research showing that. 越来越多的研究表明underlying adj. 根本的，潜在的，隐含的psychiatric adj. 精神病的，精神病学的precision psychiatry 精准精神病学“Rates of suicides go up, levels of mortality go up, for those

19、 with existing conditions symptoms can be worsened,” he adds, noting that for people with conditions such as bipolar disorder, extreme heat can trigger manic phases.mortality n. 死亡人数，死亡率；死亡bipolar disorder 双相障碍（是一种既有躁狂症发作，又有抑郁症发作（典型特征）的常见精神障碍。）trigger v. 发动，引起，触发 n. 起因，诱因；触发器manic adj. 躁狂的；狂热的，兴奋的Pr

20、of Tahseen Jafry, the director of the Mary Robinson Centre for Climate Justice at Glasgow Caledonian University, says, “With increased temperature rises, there is evidence to show that there are more frequent visits to hospitals for mental health, mental illnesses and behavioural and mood disorders.

21、”climate justice 气候正义（全体社会成员无论种族、肤色、性别、国籍，均平等地享有参与气候变化事物的权利，气候变化所带来的不利后果，也应由全体社会成员公平承担。当气候变化领域的平衡状态被打破后，应按照均等原则加以重建或恢复。气候正义体现的是利益共享后果共担的公平与平等的原则。）behavioural adj. 行为的One study from the UK, published in 2007, found a 3.8% increase in suicide rates for every 1C rise in average temperature above 18C.Re

22、searchers have also found that higher temperatures are associated with an increase in aggression and violence possibly due to the impact on various hormones and can affect cognitive function, leaving people feeling fuzzy-headed.be associated with 与相关，有关联aggression n. 好斗情绪，攻击性；侵犯，挑衅，侵略hormone n. 激素，荷

23、尔蒙cognitive function 认知功能fuzzy adj. 头脑不清的，迷糊的【长难句解析】Researchers have also found that higher temperatures are associated with an increase in aggression and violence possibly due to the impact on various hormones and can affect cognitive function, leaving people feeling fuzzy-headed.译文：研究人员还发现，高温与好斗情绪

24、和暴力增加有关（可能是因为高温影响了各种激素的分泌），并会影响认知功能，令人们感到头晕目眩。解析：本句主干为Researchers have also found that.。that引导宾语从句，从句中higher temperatures为主语；are associated with和can affect为并列谓语；leaving.fuzzy-headed为现在分词作结果状语；破折号中间的内容为插入语。Why does the heat affect mental health?It is likely there are several factors at play. Among th

25、em, Wainwright notes, is that many people have interrupted sleep during heatwaves. “What the evidence shows us very, very clearly is that poor-quality sleep and/or shorter sleep duration can worsen outcomes in those, say, with major depressive disorder,” he says. “A couple of nights of broken sleep

26、can be a trigger for the onset of their depressive phase.”at play 发挥作用interrupt v. 使暂停，使中断；插嘴，打岔duration n. 持续时间，期间say v. 比方说，假设depressive adj. 患抑郁症的，抑郁的onset n. 开端，发生，肇始（尤指不快的事情）He adds that the heat can worsen some side-effects of psychiatric medication or in some cases make the medication less ef

27、fective. Whats more, some medications affect the bodys ability to thermoregulate or otherwise impair individuals ability to take appropriate measures.side-effect n. （药物的）副作用；意外的连带后果medication n. 药，药物thermoregulate v. 体温调节impair v. 损害，削弱take appropriate measures 采取恰当的措施“The antipsychotics which we us

28、e in schizophrenia and bipolar, they can actually have an impact on peoples perception of thirst,” says Wainwright. “The body has a very good way of telling us when were thirsty, but when were taking these medications, that can be impacted and during a heatwave that obviously poses problems for heat

29、-related illnesses.”antipsychotics n. 安定药，精神抑制药schizophrenia n. 精神分裂症perception n. 知觉，感知；看法，见解；洞察力，悟性People may experience indirect effects such as raised concerns over issues such as food insecurity or migration. Jafry says: “Those things can then affect peoples mental health and well-being because

30、 its about how do we cope with, and adapt to, these changing circumstances.”cope with （成功地）对付，处理What can we do?As well as taking steps to keep cool and hydrated, Wainwright advises keeping medications out of the sun and remembering to take them, avoiding alcohol, taking steps to sleep well, and prac

31、tising self-compassion, such as not criticising oneself for being less productive than usual.hydrate v. 使吸入水分，使成水合物，使水化compassion n. 同情，怜悯He also recommends that people with mental health conditions speak to medical professionals if they notice a worsening in their symptoms, or issues related to the

32、ir medication.Wainwright adds that among other steps, health policy must be reoriented as understanding of the relationship between heat and mental health improves, and public education is needed around this relationship.reorient v. 改变的重点（或方向）Jafry calls for dedicated mental health support, for example through trained community nurses, to help deal with the impact of heatwaves and other extreme events.dedicated adj. 专用的，专门用途的；满腔热忱的，有奉献精神的Wainwright says, “Heatwaves, and the effects they have on our mental hea