《环境监测》第五章-环境污染生物监测（2）-中英混合

1、The fifth chapter Environmental pollution biomonitoringThe second section Biological monitoring of air pollutionPlant distribution is wide, easy management, much quality; Air pollution has an effect on composition and distribution of plant population, community ; Early diagnosis; Enrichment .Sensiti

2、vity low , and specificity is poor, and it is not quantitative and time-consuming.The animal management is more difficult, and at presentit has not yet formed a complete set of monitoring methods.1、 using plant monitoringPlants are more likely to suffer from air pollution damage: Large leaf area is

3、exposed to air, and gas exchange is active; The lack of an animals circulatory system cushion the effect of the outside world; Fixed growth, and it cannot avoid the pollution damage.The biological monitoring of atmospheric pollution mainly use plants to monitor.Study of indicator plant suffer sympto

4、ms, population, community composition, distribution and enrichment of pollutants, etc.(1) indicator plant and suffer symptoms Air pollutants go into the plant body usually through leaf stomata or pore ,and invade tissue, and produce a series of biochemical reactions, so that the plant tissue is dama

5、ged , and appear suffer symptoms.Symptoms: chlorophyll was damaged, cell tissue dehydrated, thus, lose luster,and appear different color (yellow, brown or grey) spots, and leaves fall off, and even the whole die anomaly.Indicator plant of sulfur dioxide Viola verecunda Amossashsprucelichencottonpopl

6、arPicture Part of sulfur dioxide indicator plantPhotochemical oxide indicator plantPetuniagrapesspinach cucumberpotatoOnionsPicture O3 indicator plantcedargrapesMoney grassThe almond treesSinocalamus affinis tulipFigure indicator plant of fluorideFluoride indicator plantIndicator plant of ethyleneMa

7、rigoldAcacia treeCucumberTomatoThe orchidPicture Indicator plant of ethyleneNitrogen oxides indicator plantSunflowerSpinachBegoniastomato 烟草Picture Nitrogen oxides indicator plantBiological MonitoringFluoride indicator plant-GladiolusAmmonia indicator plants-Cotton roseSecondly,the use of animal mon

8、itoring (First) using abnormal reaction of individual animalsAnimals who are sensitive to gas in minecanaryGoldfinchChickenMouseThe animals who are sensitive to SO2The level of sensitivity:The highest birdMy dog is the secondTolerance of our poultry was undoubtedly the bestCanarydogPoultry The animals who are sensitive to SO2（Second）Using changes in the number of animal species Without end, run! migration of large mammals, birds, insects and other Picture Large mammals, birds are unbearable to air pollution and relocateleaf insects, insect galls,insects covered with wax scale