高中英语选择性必修一 第二单元限时练(解析版)

1、人教（2019）版高中英语选择性必修第一册第二单元限时练时间：100分钟 分值：120第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑 AUnsolved Mysteries About the Planet EarthMystery 1: Where did water come from?Water covers more than 70 percent of the Earths surface and that makes the Earth earn

2、the nickname the blue planet . Then where di water come from? The most popular scientific theory states that the H2came from several violent asteroids(小行星）covered with ice.Anothe suggests that the water actually has been around since the Earths formation However it happened, though, its certainly wo

3、rked out well for the Earth life forms.Mystery 2: What about all the oxygen?Another thing is the planets oxygen. Tiny creatures released oxygen as a waste product , filling the atmosphere with it . After that , the level of oxyge in the Earths atmosphere went wildly up and down until it finally calm

4、e down around 540 million years ago. Since then, its remained at about the breathable level we know today. But what caused it to be suddenly steady? Mystery 3:What caused the Cambrian(寒武纪）Explosion?The Cambrian Explosion refers to the explosion of complex life forms that occurred on Earth about 540

5、million years ago. Before then, life had consisted mostly of microbes. But at the beginning of the Cambrian period complex creatures began developing at a rate never seen before. Suddenly,life forms had brains, eyes, and bones. Most living creatures today can trace their blood back to the Cambrian p

6、eriod.Mystery 4: Will we be able to predict earthquakes?We still havent been able to come up with a way to accurately predict earthquakes. We can certainly try, but our current technology cannot predict them exactly. We know that earthquakes start when the rock cracks underground and the enormous en

7、ergy released in the process causes vibration, which generates earthquake waves, but we havent figured out why that happens, or how to predict it.1.What was created by creatures on Earth?A.Water.B.Bacterium.C.Oxygen.D.Ice.2. Which of the following talks about the Earths advanced species?A . Mystery

8、1 .B.Mystery 2.C. Mystery 4.D.Mystery 3.3. What do we know about Mystery 4?A. It is a matter that has extremely practical significance.B.It will be solved in the near future.C. It is the most difficult mystery to solve of the four.D. It is the oldest mystery of the four.【1答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Mystery2:Wh

9、at about all the oxygen?部分中的Tiny creatures released oxygen as a waste product可知，微生物把氧气当作废弃物释放出来。因此，氧气是地球上的微生物创造出来的。故选C项。 【2答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据Mystery3:What caused the Cambrian Explosion?部分中的Suddenly,life forms had brains,eyes,and bones.可知，突然之间，生物有了大脑、眼睛和骨头。因此，此部分内容介绍关于地球高级物种的信息。【3答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据 Myst

10、ery 4:Will we be able to predict earthquakes?部分的内容可知，能否准确预测地震与人类的生命和财产安全息息相关，极具现实意义，故选A项。BRuss Fee was asleep inside his tent last summer in Canadas Banff National Park when screams shocked and awoke him. Throwing on his shoes and grabbing a lantern his wife had handed to him , he ran out to investi

11、gate .Despite the darkness, he could make out a neighboring tent. There was a wolf dragging something in his teeth-a man.Moments earlier, Elisa and Matt, were asleep with their two young children when the wolf tore into their tent. It was like something out of a horror movie, Elisa recalled. For thr

12、ee minutes, Matt threw his body in front of Elisa and the boys and fought against the wolf. At one point, Matt got the upper hand, but the wolf turned the tables and dragged Matt outside while Elisa was pulling on his legs trying to get him back.It was then that Russ Fee entered the picture. He ran

13、toward the beast, kicking it in the hip. The wolf dropped Matt and emerged from the tent. Fee felt like he had hit someone bigger than him.Before the wolf could turn its anger at Fee, Matt, whose arms were bloody, restarted the battle. The men threw rocks at the wolf, keeping it off. Then the famili

14、es fled to the shelter-Fees minivan and called an ambulance.Attacks are so rare that a person here has a greater chance of being killed by a dog, lightning, a bee sting, or a car collision with a deer thar being injured by a wolf , said Matt .Fee did think about drawing back , if less heroic , in th

15、e heat of battle . The moment the wolf locked eyes with him, Fee said, I immediately regretted kicking it.4.What were the two families doing in Banff National Park?A. They were making a horror movie.B. They were camping.C. They were studying wolves.D. They were investigating the park.5.How did Matt

16、escape from the wolf?A. By Fees kicking the wolf from behind.B. By turning the table on the wolf.C. By placing his hand tightly on the wolf.D. By his wifes pulling on his legs.6. What can be inferred from Paragraph 5?A. Many deer are killed by vehicles.B. Dogs are peoples friends in need.C. Wolves s

17、eldom attack people there.D. People are often attacked by wolves.7. Which word can best describe Fee in the story?A. Brave. B. Responsible.C. Indifferent. D. Clever. 【4答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的Russ Fee was asleep inside his tent last summer in Canadas Banff National Park 和Despite the darkness, he could

18、make out a neighboring tent.可推知，这两个家庭在班夫国家公园露营。故选B项 【5答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He ran toward the beast, kicking it in the hip. The wolf dropped Matt and emerged from the tent.可知，是拉斯菲从后面朝狼的臀部踢了一脚，使得狼扔下了马特。故选A项。【6答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，在这里，被狗咬死、被闪电击中、死于蜜蜂皙伤或死于车辆与鹿相撞的概率比被狼咬伤的概率要大得多。由此可知，那儿的狼很少攻击人。故选C项。【

19、7答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Fee did think about drawing back, if less heroic, in the heat of battle.和文中对于拉斯菲与狼搏斗的叙述可推知，他是很勇敢的。故选A项。CAs data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric（生物测量）technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private e-spaces.

20、At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device（装置）that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to

21、each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to

22、 the computer its connected to regardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunt

23、eers type the word touchfour times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made

24、 of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 8. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard? A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.9. What makes

25、 the invention of the smart keyboard possible? A. Computers are much easier to operate. B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. C. Typing patterns vary from person to person. D. Data security measures are guaranteed.10. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard? A. Itll be enviro

26、nment-friendly. B. Itll reach consumers soon. C. Itll be made of plastics. D. Itll help speed up typing.11. Where is this text most likely from? A. A diary. B. A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine.【8答案】D【解析】细节理解题。本题题干意为：研究者们为什么研发智能键盘？根据文章第一段可知，现在一些阻止别人进入私人电子空间的技术成本仍然很高。因此，来自Georgia Tech的研究者们想出了一种低成

27、本的（low-cost)装置智能键盘，来应对这个问题。所以答案为D项：减少电子空间保护的成本。A:减轻对按键的压力；B:提升打字的精确度；C:取代密码系统。【9答案】.C 【解析】细节理解题。本题题干意为：什么使智能键盘这项发明成为可能？根据第二段第四句“These patterns are unique to each person.”可知，因为每个人的打字模式各不相同，所以智能键盘能识别人的身份，保护人的隐私。所以答案为C项：打字模式因人而异。A:计算机很容易操作；B:指纹扫描技术发展很快；D:数据安全措施有保证。【10答案】.B 【解析】细节理解题。本题题干意为：研究者们对智能键盘期待什

28、么？根据文章最后一段最后两句话，研究者们说键盘应该直接商业化，智能键盘主要是由价格低廉的塑料类配件制成，团队希望它在不久的将来进入市场。所以答案为B项（它将很快到达消费者手里）。A:它将是环保的；C:它将用塑料制造。此项为干扰项，用塑料制造是事实，但不是将来发生的事；D:它将有助于加速打字。【11答案】.D 【解析】推理判断题。本题题干意为：这篇文章最有可能来自哪里？文章介绍了一种新的保护电子隐私空间的设备智能键盘，并且希望产品能很快走进市场。本文语言客观严谨，属于科普类文章，故答案为D项：杂志。A:日记；B:指导手册；C:小说。DIn the past decade, the use of

29、social media has grown in a way that no one could have guessed. It has turned some teenagers into celebrities and turned the famous into the infamous,overnight.A key feature of social media, however, is its volatility.Trends come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared.Short video ap

30、ps such as Tik Tok and its Chinese equivalent(对应物）Douyin,took the world by storm.The Telegraph reported that Tik Tok was ranked 8th on Apples App Store in April. And Douyin had more than 300 million domestic monthly active users in June, CNBC said.Why are these short videos-which are rarely longer t

31、han a few minutes-so popular? Jiang Yige, Singapore-based analyst at FengHe Fund Management, has a theory. Short videos are just right to fill in the little gaps in our busy schedules,he told CNBC.These videos-apart from being very convenient-are important to teenagers because they allow them to exp

32、ress themselves,according to Teen Vogue.Liza Koshy, a user of the US app Musical. ly who has over 2 million followers,said,The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing feature.Live streaming(直播）is a feature of our social media life that now seems as natural as sunri

33、se . Its a pretty neat idea : You can watch anyone , anywhere , live . However , China has taken live streaming to a whole new level. In China, more than 100million viewers monthly watch a live streaming video. Forbes thought that a number of factors had led to the popularity of live streams. Among

34、them is viewers ability to interact with others using unknown names. However, the quick development of social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it causes. Materials shared on these platforms are often not checked for accuracy. The most basic content can be false

35、and can mislead users one way or another. We use social media all the time; that doesnt mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its impact on our minds.12. The underlined word volatility in Paragraph 2 possibly means being_.A

36、.changeable B.steadyC.promising D.violent13. According to Liza Koshy, short videos are very popular because_.A.they are very convenientB.they help people kill timeC.they provide a sense of communityD.they allow people to express themselves14.What do we know about social media?A.The information from

37、social media is totally reliable.B.When it comes to social media,people only know short videos.C.People cant communicate with each other without social media.D. There is still much room for improvement in social media.15.What is the authors attitude to the quick development of social media?A.Objecti

38、ve.B.Subjective.C.Favorable.D.Disapproving.【12答案】.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段的Trends come and go,disappearing most as quickly as they appeared.可知，社交媒体的一个主要特点是变化无常，某种趋势很快出现又很快消失，由此可知“changeable合社交媒体的特点。【13答案】.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段Liza Koshy说的话“The sense of cor munity that users of short video apps get is another app

39、ealing feature.知，他认为短视频软件受用户欢迎的原因是他们能从中得到团体属感，故C项正确。其他选项均不是Liza Koshy的观点，故排除。【14答案】.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，社交媒体发展迅速，但也带些副作用，如虚假消息会误导用户，由此可见社交媒体有很大的提空间，故D项正确。【15答案】.A 【解析】推理判断题。由全文可知，作者分析了社交媒体的发展以及带的负面影响，作者对其发展持有“客观”的态度，故A项正确。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagine y

40、ou are on a long car trip. It is night and you take a wrong turn onto a dark country road. With a sinking feeling, you realize that you have no idea where you are ._16_, and the answer is written by light. A shining compass face,with north, south, east and west at the four points, and a big needle i

41、s pointing at north. What a relief! You turn your car around and head in the right direction guided by the sky.For migratory birds, finding their way over long distances through the darkest nights is their second nature. _17_-directions written by light and magnetism(磁力）. Some birds travel thousands

42、 of miles in their twice-yearly journeys . _18_ , like mountain ranges and rivers , to help decide the directions; but birds may also navigate by using the stars, and sensing or even seeing the Earths invisible magnetic field.For many years, scientists have been studying whats behind the strong abil

43、ity of migratory birds to find their way to their winter and summer homes.Here is one thing that they agree on. _19_. This compass leads them to make their very first in the direction that has been the dight in the traveled by the rest of their species. _20_.A. Then you glance up the skyB. They do i

44、t in part by reading directions in the skyC.So birds are born knowing which way their home isD. Magnetism is important for all animals, especially birds and fishesE. When theyre on the way, they take advantage of familiar landmarksF . Migratory baby birds are already equipped with a kind of natural

45、inner compassG. In birds, migration means two-way journeys-the onward journey and the backward journey16.【答案】A【解析】语境推断。上文描述了一个场景，即想象你驾车时迷失了方向；根据空后的the answer is written by light及选项可知，A项（然后你仰望天空）符合语境。A项中的you呼应第一段描述的场景中的主语you。17. 【答案】B【解析】复现推断。上文讲到，对于迁徙的鸟来说，在长途跋涉中找到方向穿过黑夜是它们的第二天性；根据空后内容可知，此处应是解释原因。故B项

46、（一定程度上，它们是通过识别天空中的方位来做到的）与此处语义连贯。B项中的directions与空后的directions相呼应。18. 【答案】E【解析】语境推断。本段主要讲的是迁徙的鸟在飞行过程中辨别方向的方法。根据空后的like mountain ranges and rivers和这项可知，E项中的familiar landmarks与此处语义相吻合。故E项(在鸟儿的飞行途中，它们利用熟悉的地标）符合语境。19. 【答案】F【解析】复现推断。下文提到，这种指南针可以引领它们进行第一次秋季迁徙；结合选项可知，F项中的inner compass与下一句中的This compass相呼应。故

47、F项（候鸟的幼鸟已经具备了一种天生的体内指南针）符合语境。20. 【答案】C【解析】逻辑推断。上文讲了候鸟具备辨别方向的能力的原因，由此推知，此处应阐述结果；结合选项可知，C项（所以，鸟儿天生知道回家的路）符合语境。第二部分 语言运用 （共两节 满分30分）第一节：完型填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）When 19-year-old Chloe Mitchells senior trip was canceled due to the pandemic, she knew she couldnt just lie around the house. Not only is she a

48、 passionate volleyball player with an active lifestyle, shes also a teenager. Being _21_ in the house all day with your parents isnt idealno matter how much you love them.“I was bored. I was really depressed because quarantine had taken away my senior year,” she explained. “I needed something to _22

49、_ worries in my mind. I needed _23_ labor. I needed space from my family.”As a self-described DIY obsessive, Mitchell saw the shabby shed in the yard, a relaxing space to call her own. Unfortunately, as she set about _24_ the forgotten shed into a stylish vacation homeShe Shed, Mitchell was upset th

50、at social-distancing rules meant she couldnt invite her friends over. So she decided to share the _25_ with her 34 followers on TikTok, _26_ close friends, letting them know every step she did during the following days.Over the next 10 days, Mitchell began to _27_ the contents of her small shed used

51、 as a storage bam so that it could be cleaned easily. After that, she wiped down the original wooden beams before giving them a fresh layer of white _28_ Once the paint had dried, she hung fairy lights, _29_ the space with plants and added a television and refrigerator donated by neighbors. She even

52、 built herself a daybed and purchased a little bed for her dog, Lilly.Happy to be out in the sun, putting her DIY skills to good _30_ and sharing the experience with her friends, Mitchell could never have predicted what happened next. Known as “she shed girl”, Mitchell now has a(an) _31_ 2.7 million

53、 followers on TikTok, where she shares DIY tips and snippets of her life as a freshman at Aquinas College in Michigan. _32_ by the success of her first project, Mitchell turned her attention to the familys pool house, imagining it as a charming pub shed.Commenting on Mitchells _33_ shed renovation,

54、the experts at My Tool Shed DIY said, “Stress levels have _34_ in the last year due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Now more than ever people need time to do something they love. Having a _35_ space like a she shed can be perfect for this.”21. A. lockedB. occupiedC. stuckD. closed22. A. giv

55、e outB. take offC. pick upD. settle down23. A. mentalB. convenientC. casualD. physical24. A. buildingB. mendingC. transformingD. exchanging25. A. assignmentB. projectC. progressD. shed26. A. mostlyB. reallyC. hardlyD. naturally27. A. furnishB. prepareC. fixD. empty28. A. woodB. paintC. sheetD. paper

56、29. A. filledB. putC. placedD. offered30. A. positionB. effectC. useD. practice31. A. delightedB. depressingC. incredibleD. horrible32. A. EncouragedB. FrustratedC. ExhaustedD. Satisfied33. A. imperfectB. impressiveC. importantD. impossible34. A. decreasedB. declinedC. raisedD. skyrocketed35. A. ref

57、lectedB. limitedC. relievedD. dedicated【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述大学生Mitchell在疫情期间被困在家里，不愿意无所事事的她改造了家里的棚屋，并且她把改造进程发布在TikTok之后收获了大批的粉丝。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管你有多爱父母，整天和他们困在家里也不是什么理想的事情。A. locked上锁的；B. occupied无空闲的；C.

58、stuck卡住的；D. closed关着的。结合后文“in the house all day with your parents”以及上文提到的新冠疫情可知，此处指和父母困在家里，短语be stuck in“困住”。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我需要一些东西来消除心中的忧虑。A. give out分发；B. take off脱掉，离开；C. pick up捡起；D. settle down定居。根据“I was really depressed because quarantine had taken away my senior year”可知，作者因为疫情被困住而感到情

59、绪低落，所以她需要一些东西来消除焦虑。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我需要体力劳动。A. mental精神的；B. convenient方便的；C. casual随便的；D. physical身体的。根据“she knew she couldnt just lie around the house”可知，Mitchell不想只是躺在房子里什么都不干，所以她认为自己需要体力劳动。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，当她打算把这个被遗忘的小屋改造成一个时尚的度假屋时，Mitchell很不高兴，因为社交距离的规定意味着她不能邀请她的朋友过来。A. buildin

60、g修建；B. mending修补；C. transforming改造，转换；D. exchanging改变。根据上文“As a self-described DIY obsessive, Mitchell saw the shabby shed in the yard, a relaxing space to call her own.”以及后文“the forgotten shed into a stylish vacation home”可知，Mitchell打算把那个破旧的小屋改造成一个时尚的度假屋。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以她决定与TikTok上的34名粉丝分享