高中英语选择性必修四 Unit3 Sea Exploration Reading and Thinking 案

1、PAGE Unit 3Sea ExplorationReading and Thinking词汇积淀素养初探. 根据语境写出正确的单词1. a fairy tale (故事)2. a wine/grain merchant (商人; 批发商)3. extend (扩展) the legs of the folding table4. negotiate (商定) a contract5. a fleet (舰队) of 20 sailing ships6. behold (看见) a tiny figure in the distance7. in the same league (等级; 水

2、平)8. a royal (皇家的) visit9. a row of spice (香料) jars10. withdraw (撤回) her application11. a reliable channel (渠道) of information12. the largest maritime (海的) museum of its kind13. the bond (纽带; 关系) of friendship . 根据语境用恰当的介、副词填空1. Ive managed to negotiate a five per cent pay increase with my boss. 2.

3、A fleet of French ships was sighted in the North Sea. 3. The ski jump was out of his league. 4. Eleven million bottles of water had to be withdrawn from sale due to a health scare. 5. There has been a close bond between them ever since she saved him from drowning. 6. Theyve had plenty of time to pre

4、pare, so the arrangements should be well in hand. . 翻译下列课文原句, 并观察黑体部分1. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations. 完成这幅伟大的世界地图对早期文明的人们来说是一种强烈的热情。2. In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, al

5、ong what became known as the Silk Road. 在古代, 中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马, 这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。3. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huans Record of My Travels in the eighth century. 几个世纪以来, 随着贸易的进一步发展, 中国西部地区得到了更多的探索, 正如杜欢在8世纪的经行记中

6、所记载的那样。4. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. 虽然中国在1433年后退出了进一步的探险, 但这些陆路和海路在几个世纪里仍然是其他文化之间活跃的通道。5. Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and th

7、e desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 几百年过去了, 在掌握了最新技术的情况下, 贸易的需要和增进关系的愿望将推动中国跨越海洋走向遥远的未来。阅读精研素养构建. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks2. What is the text type of the passage? A. Narration. (记叙文)B. Argumentative essay

8、. (议论文)C. Expository writing. (说明文)D. Practical writing. (应用文)答案: A. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息Choose the best answer1. Where did people meet to do business? A. Ceylon. B. India. C. Rome. D. China. 2. Which word can be used to describe Zheng Hes fleet? A. Impressive. B. Worrisome. C. Aggressive. D. Fearful. 3

9、. Where did China explore with other countries? A. The Red Sea. B. The Arctic. C. The South China Sea. D. The east coast of Africa. 4. Why did China start the Belt and Road Initiative? A. To begin a trading route on the ocean. B. To make business with neighboring countries. C. To spread the culture

10、of China to other countries. D. To strengthen the relationship between China and other countries. 答案: 14. AABD. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句译文: 随着作为“一带一路”倡议组成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出, 郑和航行过的古代航道而今再度受到关注。译文: 郑和的古代海路虽已被多次游历, 但仍有许多地方有待探索。 2. 根据课文内容填空The worldthe (1)Europeans from west to eastmerchant

11、s and explorers from east to westChinaIn ancient timesThe wayThe (2)routeThe (3)Silk Road by landfrom China to India, the Middle East, and RomeA (4)trading route across the seaTo the Indian Ocean, center on (5)Ceylon. The (6)Ming DynastyZheng He led seven large fleets. From the South China Sea acros

12、s the Indian Ocean to the mouth of (7)the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of AfricaTodayThe 21st Century (8)Maritime Silk RoadIts aimTo strengthen the (9)bondsTo encourage cooperation and tradeExplore other places, like (10)the Arctic3. 阅读主题活动(1)How Did Marco Polo change the world? Marco Polo ch

13、anged the world by writing a book about his travels from Venice to the court of Kublai Khan in China. His account of his journeys inspired other adventurers, such as the explorer Christopher Columbus, who always carried a copy of Polos book. Maps he brought back helped to develop European cartograph

14、y, and he introduced Europe to Chinese innovations such as paper money, coal, eyeglasses and a postal service. (2)What is “Belt and Road Initiative”? Chinas “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) is a planned multitrillion-dollar infrastructure program that is intended to link China with more than 100 cou

15、ntries through railroad, shipping and energy projects. The BRI will recreate the Silk Road, an old network of trading routes between the East and the West, by investing large sums of money into other countries to build such infrastructure projects. The “belt” will consist of land routes connecting e

16、conomies in Asia, Europe, Africa and Europe. The “road” while not actually a road will connect various ocean routes through these areas. (3)Why and how do scientists study the Arctic? Today, scientists study the Arctic to learn more about how climate and weather are changing. They investigate how Ar

17、ctic climate and weather interact with the rest of the world, and are working to understand how climate change will affect the region. To study the Arctic, researchers sometimes travel to the field to conduct experiments or make observations. They study the properties of snow and sea ice, digging sn

18、ow pits to examine the properties of snow, or measuring the thickness of sea ice by hand to determine how the ice cover is changing. Researchers also study the frozen ground and permafrost that covers much of the Arctic lands. And biologists research the unique plants and animals that live in the Ar

19、ctic. 要点精研素养奠基1. set sail起航; 开航*However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did. 然而, 来自于东方的商人和探险家比哥伦布从东向西航行早了许多年。*A committee has been set up to organize social events in the college. 学院成立了一个委员会来组织社会活动。*She set out with the aim of becomi

20、ng the youngest ever winner of the championship. 她怀着成为有史以来最年轻的冠军的目标出发了。*News that the claims might be true set off widespread panic. 这一说法可能属实的消息引发了广泛的恐慌。*How do senior managers set about making these decisions? 高级管理人员如何着手做出这些决定? set up建立; 安装好; 设置; 引发; 产生set out出发; 动身; 启航; 开始工作(to do); 安排; 布置; 陈述; 阐明

21、set off动身; 出发; 引起; 爆炸set about开始; 着手(+doing sth. )【即学活用】语法填空(1)Theyve set up a fund for victims of the earthquake. (2)They set out to discover a cure for cancer. (3)The global financial crisis set off a reduction in debt and of excess demand in overconsuming countries. (4) On arriving there, they se

22、t about doing the experiment. 2. extend vt. 扩展; 使伸长; 延长*A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). 在印度洋沿岸, 以锡兰(现在的斯里兰卡)为中心, 开辟了一条跨海贸易路线。*The meeting extended late into the night. 会议继续到深夜。*High unemployment extends ove

23、r the whole of Britain. 高失业率遍及整个英国。*The chapter extends to a hundred pages. 这一章节长达100页。extend into sth. 扩大或延长到extend over sth. (使)持续, 延续extend to sth. (使)达到, 伸展到【即学活用】语法填空(1)The ancient Romans extended their empire into Asia. (2)The examinations extend over two weeks. (3)There is a proposal to exten

24、d the road to the next village. 3. negotiate vt. 商定; 达成(协议)vi. 谈判; 磋商; 协商*Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each others cultures. 在这里, 来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚集在一起谈判贸易协议, 这也使人们更加了解彼此的文化。*The delegates have just arrived to negoti

25、ate a formal agreement with us on the boundary affairs. 代表团刚到, 将与我们就边境事件进行谈判以签订正式协议。*We finally negotiated them into making concessions. 我们终于通过谈判使他们作出了让步。*The two sides are negotiating about it. 双方就此事正在交涉。negotiate about (for) sth. 就某事进行交涉negotiate sb. /sth. into sth. /v. -ing通过谈判使进入/做某事negotiate wi

26、th sb. 与某人进行交涉(以达成协议)【即学活用】语法填空(1)The two countries are negotiating for a peaceful settlement. (2)He succeeded in negotiating his country into the WTO. (3)They have decided to negotiate with the boss about their wage claims. 4. league n. 等级; 水平; 联合会; 联赛*These fleets were a sight to behold and were i

27、n a league of their own at that time. 这些舰队蔚为壮观, 独领风骚。*He was so complicated, just someone way out of her league. 他是那么老于世故, 与她完全是两路人。*She was in league with her mother to embarrass me. 她和她母亲联合起来叫我下不了台。*As a woodworker, Bill wishes he were in the same league as Carl, who is a master carpenter. 作为一名木工,

28、 比尔希望他能和卡尔水平相当, 成为像他一样的木匠大师。in a different league 另一类型的人(物)in league with 和联合, 和勾结in the same league 同一档次(等级)out of sb. s league 不是某一类人【即学活用】语法填空(1)They are not in the same league. (2)He is a bit out of your league. (3)He is privately in league with some bandits. 5. withdraw vi. & vt. (withdrew, wit

29、hdrawn)(使)撤回; 撤离*Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. 虽然中国在1433年后退出了进一步的探险, 但这些陆路和海路在几个世纪里仍然是其他文化之间活跃的通道。*I wish to withdraw my name from the guest list. 我希望把我的名字从客人名单上划掉。*They have withd

30、rawn to a safer area. 他们已经撤退到更为安全的地带。withdraw from sth. 从提取withdraw to sth. 退入; 撤退到【即学活用】语法填空(1)She quickly withdrew her hand from the hot iron. (2)Internet addicts tend to withdraw to their own fantasy world rather than communicating with a real person. 6. in hand在手头; 可供使用*Hundreds of years on, and

31、 with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 几百年过去了, 在掌握了最新技术的情况下, 贸易的需要和增进关系的愿望将推动中国跨越海洋走向遥远的未来。*I always keep a dictionary (ready) at hand. 我经常把词典放在手边。*The letter was written by hand

32、. 这封信是用手写的。*I still have some money on hand. 我手头还有些钱。at hand在手边, 在近处; 即将到来by hand用手工on hand在手边(随时可用)【即学活用】语法填空(1)She always has her dictionary on hand when she studies. (2)My shoes were made by hand. (3)The examinations are near at hand. (4)I still have some money in hand. 1. The Tang Shipwreck is f

33、rom a merchant boat that used to sail between China and the Arab world states located in the maritime Silk Road during the 9th century. 唐朝的沉船来自一艘商船, 它曾在9世纪的中国和位于海上丝绸之路的阿拉伯世界国家之间航行。2. The trade agency offered online docking service for the enterprises so as to facilitate them to directly negotiate bu

34、siness with customers at the expo site. 贸易代理机构为企业提供网上对接服务, 方便企业在世博会现场直接与客户洽谈业务。3. The report also said since the pandemic began, UK universities have been worried about major financial losses if Chinese students withdraw from their courses in the new academic year in the fall, amid concerns over hig

35、h COVID-19 infection rates and a high death toll in the UK. 报告还说, 自大流行开始以来, 英国各大学一直担心, 如果中国学生在秋季新学年退学, 将造成重大经济损失, 因为人们担心英国的新冠肺炎感染率高, 死亡人数也很高。4. On behalf of the Chinese government and people, and in his own name, Xi expressed deep condolences over the deaths, and extended sincere sympathies to the b

36、ereaved families and the wounded. 习近平代表中国政府和人民, 以个人名义对遇难者表示深切哀悼, 向遇难者家属和伤员表示诚挚慰问。课时检测素养达标. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词1. She invented a tale (故事) about missing the bus to explain her lateness. 2. Any knowledgeable wine merchant (商人) would be able to advise you. 3. The path extends (延长) beyond the end of the ro

37、ad. 4. His publishing house just began negotiating (商定) for her next book. 5. We beheld (看见) a beautiful vista before us. 6. Their record sales would put them in the same league (水平) as The Rolling Stones. 7. Once in court, he withdrew (撤回) the statement hed made to the police. 8. The boats all have

38、 to pass through this narrow channel (航道). 9. Make sure you visit the maritime (海事的) museum if youre interested in anything to do with ships or seafaring. 10. In societies with strong family bonds (纽带), people tend to live longer. . 完成句子1. The new charity will be giving away $55 million a year, putt

39、ing it in the same league as other well-known charities. 这家新的慈善机构每年将捐赠5 500万美元, 与其他知名慈善机构并驾齐驱。2. A thousand boats set sail on a long stretch of the river. 百里江面, 千帆竞发。3. She always had a great deal of work in hand, but no one ever heard her complain. 她手头总有许多工作要做, 但从没有人听到她抱怨。4. Most older people do no

40、t withdraw from society. 大多数的老年人并没有退出社会生活的圈子。5. Perhaps you need to negotiate with your boss to shift your responsibilities. 也许你需要和老板沟通, 调整你的工作职责。. 根据下面提示, 用本单元词汇和句型写一篇50词左右的短文1. 有一个古老的传说, 是关于一个商人登上一艘在清晨起航的船队的。(tale, merchant, set sail)2. 这个商人去印度做生意买香料。(spice)3. 在返航途中, 他与一些水手组成联盟, 抢劫其他商人的货物, 并与这些水手商

41、议如何分配所得。(negotiate)4. 但最终, 他们的尝试失败了。_【参考范文】There was an ancient tale about how a merchant went aboard a fleet of ship that set sail on an early morning. He went to do business to buy spices in India. During the voyage to return to his home, he was in league with some sailors to rob other merchants g

42、oods and he negotiated with these sailors on how to divide what they got. But in the end, their attempt failed completely. 课时素养评价七Unit 3Reading and Thinking. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词1. The media has been filled with tales (叙述) of horror and loss resulting from Mondays earthquake. 2. Weve extended (延长) a wash

43、ing line between two trees in the garden. 3. Id like to negotiate(协商) about the distributional plan with you. 4. With its own fleet (车队) of trucks, the company delivers most orders overnight. 5. The beauty of the garden was a pleasure to behold (看). 6. After the Norman Conquest, the forest became a

44、royal (皇家的) hunting preserve. 7. Spices (香料) are widely used in Indian cooking. 8. He stated that all foreign forces would withdraw (撤回) as soon as the crisis ended. 9. She switched another channel (频道) to watch the football match. 10. The hospital gives mothers quiet private time in which to bond (

45、增强信任关系) with their babies. . 选词填空in a league of ones own, withdraw from, in hand, in ancient times, reach out, for the benefit of, in return for, from a . . . point of view, set sail, under the command of1. It was a bright clear morning when we at last set sail in the ship. 2. As a lawyer, Janice is

46、 so excellent that she is truly in a league of her own. 3. He has decided to withdraw from the competition. 4. It took me great efforts to get these books in hand. 5. This old Silk Road linked China with the west in ancient times. 6. The ship is under the command of Captain Blake. 7. In return for y

47、our cooperation we will give you a free gift. 8. We must be kind and friendly and reach out to those in need. 9. We have brought down prices of medicines for the benefit of the people. 10. From a long-term point of view, we should pay attention to education and science and technology. . 完成句子1. The p

48、rotection of the law is extended to more kinds of animals. 更多种类的动物受到法律的保护。2. Our coach is negotiating with the headmaster for the use of their gym. 我们教练正在同校长交涉使用他们体育馆的事。3. Youll find youre out of his league if you challenge him to a chess game hes the chess club champion. 你如果向他挑战比赛下棋, 便会发现你的水准太低他是国际

49、象棋俱乐部的冠军。4. Why did you withdraw from the race? 你为什么要退出比赛? 5. The work is in hand and will soon be completed. 工作正在进行中, 不久就可以完成。. 阅读理解AIt seems we cant get off the planet fast enough. Two thirds of NASAs money is spent on manned space exploration, and that number will grow with the USAs decision to s

50、end a man to Mars in 2037. Weve seen all there is to see on Earth, right? Wrong. The final place is here, under the surface of the sea. Heading down into the ocean, human limits are quickly reached. At 200 metres, the water is as black as a moonless night. Most nuclear submarines (核潜艇) would implode

51、 (内爆) before they reach 1 km down. At 3 km still less than the average depth of the ocean theres a good chance that youll discover a new species. The deepest-diving whales go no further. At the very bottom, about 11 km down, lies the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pac

52、ific Ocean. Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon, but only three have seen the Deep with their own eyes. Yet things live down there. Big things. A very loud sound was once heard and scientists suggested that it was produced by an animal bigger than a blue whale, the largest creature known on the

53、planet. In the late 1990s, a deep-water submarine was dropped in the Southern Ocean, and passing 4, 000 metres, it discovered something huge passing under it. Surprised? Dont be. The ocean covers 70% of the planets surface and weve studied less than 5% of it. We know more about the dark side of the

54、Moon than about the bottom of the sea. One reason that we explore space is to find evidence of other life forms. The search for life outside of Earth is important, but robots can look under the dry rocks of Mars better than humans. Theyre absolutely important for doing ocean research too, but they c

55、ant look under the sea. The cost of exploration is rising, but the results would benefit all our lives. Understanding the oceans will help us find new sources of food, drugs and energy. Perhaps now its time to begin a new period of sea exploration. Manned exploration of space is science fiction. The

56、 adventure of the deep sea is science fact. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。通过对the Mariana Trench和Southern Ocean海底勘探的描述, 作者讲述了人类对深海的探索, 比起对太空的探索, 或许深海更具现实意义。1. What do the examples in Paragraph 2 suggest? A. Sea exploration is no easy task. B. Nuclear submarines need to be improved. C. The ocean is far deeper than pe

57、ople expected. D. The condition under the sea is similar to that on the Moon. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon, but only three have seen the Deep with their own eyes. 可知, 比起探索太空, 人类对于深海的探索更艰难。故选A项。2. What do we know about the Challenger Deep? A. Blue whales live there. B. No

58、one has ever been there. C. People are terrified by the sight of it. D. It is the deepest known location on Earth. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第二段At the very bottom, about 11 km down, lies the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. 可知, the Challenger Deep位于海底大概11千米的位置, 是the

59、Mariana Trench最深的部分。与 D项相符, 故选D项。3. What does the author think of the discovery in the Southern Ocean? A. Its surprising. B. Its no wonder. C. Its worrying. D. Its no success. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第四段it discovered something huge passing under it. Surprised? . . . about the bottom of the sea. 可知, 对于在Souther

60、n Ocean中的发现, 作者并不感到惊讶, 地球表面70%被海水覆盖, 人类对于它的研究还不到5%。对月球阴暗面的了解都比海底多。故选B项。4. What does the author want to tell us? A. Space exploration is of little value. B. We spend too much money on space travel. C. Humans success lies in how much they explore the sea. D. The ocean is the place where we should make