2022版高考英语一轮复习练案22必修4Module4GreatScientists练习含解析外研版

1、必修四 Module 4 Great ScientistsI.完形填空（2021 赣州市十四县市联考）I am a social worker.I wanted to tell everyone about my very dear friend who passed away a few months ago.I met him many years ago while doing my internship （实习期）in the country prison.He was 1. C a program he had designed to help prisoners with drug

2、 and alcohol problems. He was always 2, B new ways to bring hope and help to these men and their 3. B .One of his favorite 4, A was the Toy Drive. He would run every Christmas for the children of the prisoners. Hedid thisfor twenty years5. Dhissuddendeath. As last Christmas 6. C ,I decided that this

3、 traditionhad tobe7. C ,for the children as well as the8, D ofmy friend.But the file where he kept thenames ofthe people who hadbeen helpedby himover the years was 9. D , I had to start a new （重新）and with very little 10 A I started making phone calls, explaining about the project and my ILA . I pray

4、ed every night that the event would, 12. C , be worthy of my friend.To my great 13. C , individuals, churches and businesses began to come on board and, , I had enough toys to give to all the children of the prisoners with some left over for the local community 15. B !When Christmas Eve finally arri

5、ved, I felt very happy, thinking I had done all I could do and reflecting on what a（n） 16. A it had been for me. I was bagging up the remaining toys 17. B if there was anyone left who might like them. Then my phone rang.It was my daughter. She 18. D to explain about a woman she knew in Kentucky who

6、had five children, one seriously ill, no husband, no heating in the home, no toys! Oh! What could we do?My daughter and I drove all night, from New York to Kentucky, and those children woke up in a nice warm house with plenty of 19.C !My friend，s 20. A of kindness lived on that year, reaching the wa

7、y to Kentucky!文章大意：本文主要讲述了作者多年前在实习期间被朋友帮助他人的精神所感动，而在 朋友逝世后继续朋友的活动以使朋友的精神得以延续的感人故事。1. A.recordingB. attendingC. directingD. improving解析：根据下文的“He would run every Christmas for the children of theprisoners.,并与空后的“program照应可推知，作者的朋友当时负责这样的一个工程。 record 记录；记载；attend ”参加；出席；到场；improve 提升；direct ”负责; 管理。A.

8、putting up withB.A. putting up withB.C. keeping up withD.解析：根据语境可知，此处表示想出方法。 出；keep up with “跟上；catch up withA. groupB.coming up withcatching up withput up with 忍受”；come up with 想“赶上。familyC. companyD. club解析：根据 下文的 “He would run every Christmas for the children of the prisoners. 可推知，作者的朋友不仅帮助那些服刑的人

9、，而且还帮助他们的家人。A. eventsB. sportsC. hobbiesD. games解析： 根据下文的 “I started making phone calls, explaining about the projectz， 可推知，此处作者介绍了朋友最喜欢做的活开工程，与下文的“I prayed every night that the event would, 12 , be worthy of my friend.。照应。event 事件；活动”。A. afterB. sinceC. becauseD. until解析：根据语境可推知，作者的朋友坚持了 20年，一直做这样的

10、活动，直到最后自己 突然离世。A. arrivedB. followedC. approachedD. finished解析：根据语境可知，朋友去世后，在上一个圣诞节来临之际，作者准备把这个圣诞传 统继续下去，且与下文的 uWhen Christmas Eve finally arrived，/ 照应。approach 临近。A. carried outB. lived onC. carried onD. lived out解析:参见上题解析。carry out 实行；live on 以为生；carry on 继续；live out “不住在工作场所；实现某事（指曾方案或期望的事）。A. be

11、nefitB. memoryC. pleasureD. favor解析：上一个圣诞节来临之际，为了孩子们，也为了朋友的善意行为，作者决定延续这 一传统。benefit 好处；益处”；memory 记忆；pleasure “乐趣；favor ”善意的行 为。A.activeB. extraC. hidingD. missing解析：根据下文的“I had to start a new（重新）and with very little 10 . 可 推知，之前朋友所帮助过的人的信息都丧失了，作者不得不重新获取。extra “额外的；另 外的；missing “找不到的；丧失的。A.timeB. pr

12、essureC. energyD. confidence解析：根据上文的 “As last Christmas 6 , I decided that this tradition had to be 7 , for the children as well as the 8 of my friend. z，可矢口, 圣诞节马 上来临了，作者找到朋友帮助过的人的信息的时间并不多。pressure 压力；energy 能 量”；confidence ”信心。A.difficultiesB. impressionC. importanceD. atmosphere解析：在时间紧、文件丧失的情况下，作

13、者要继续朋友生前的活动是困难的。 impression 象 ；atmosphere 气氛。A.otherwiseB. howeverC. somehowD. though解析：根据语境可推知，作者每晚祈祷，这样的活动能以某种方式配得上朋友。 otherwise “否那么；要不然；somehow ”以某种方式”。A.curiosityB. disappointmentC. reliefD. thought解析： 根据下文的 “individuals, churches and businesses began to come on board，, 可推知，大家都来帮助，因此作者很宽慰。curio

14、sity “好奇心；disappointment “失望； relief “宽慰。ventuallyB. occasionallyC. absolutelyD. generally解析：根据下文的“I had enough toys可推知，作者在大家的帮助下，最终收集到 了活动所需要的足够多的玩具。eventually 最终；occasionally 偶尔；偶然；间或； absolutely “完全地；绝对地；generally 总体上来说；大致”。A. in particularB. as wellC. once moreD. at first解析：根据上文的 “with some left

15、 over for the local community”可推知，作者收集到的玩具不仅够活动本身用，还有剩余。in particular 尤其；特别；as well 也； once more “再一次；at first 开始”。A.honorB. pityC. burdenD. discovery解析：根据上文的“I felt very happy可推知，作者成功地举办了圣诞节活动，感 觉能够为逝去的朋友做些值得的事是很大的荣幸。honor 荣誉；荣幸；pity “可惜； burden “负担”；discovery ”发现。A.predictingB. wonderingC. evaluat

16、ingD. realizing解析：根据上文的“I was bagging up the remaining toys,并与本句中的if条件 句照应可推知，作者想知道是否有人喜欢剩余的玩具。predict “预计；wonder “想知道； evaluate 评估；realize 实现;意识到。18. A.droveB.cameC. returnedD.called解析：根据上文的18. A.droveB.cameC. returnedD.called解析：根据上文的“Then my phone rang. 解析：根据上文的“Then my phone rang. 解析：根据上文的“Then m

17、y phone rang. 和 “It was my daughter. 可知，是作者的女儿打来了19. A.chocolates19. A.chocolates19. A.chocolatesB.candiesC. toysD.flowers19. A.chocolatesB.candiesC. toysD.flowers解析：根据语境可推知，作者和女儿一路驱车去很远的地方给孩子们送圣诞节玩具。20. A.spiritB. positionC. courageD. attention解析：根据上文可知，作者的朋友已经逝世，作者通过把其生前的活动继续下去，让这 种仁慈的精神继续存活。spiri

18、t ”精神。H.阅读理解（2021 石家庄市一模）When Gitanjali Rao shared how she likes “finding solutions to real problems, it was hard to imagine this dynamic girl could settle a problem that had escaped scientists for years.In just three months, Rao came up with a device （装置）that can replace the costly and lengthy test

19、s currently used to reliably determine lead levels in our fresh water. Inspired by the current litigation （诉讼）in Flint, Michigan, a case of water pollution from 2021 until present, Rao designed a new testing system that resulted in her being named “Americas top young scientist” for 2021.Rao had been

20、 following the water problem for about two years. She was amazed by the number of people affected by lead pollution in water and wanted to do something to change this. Rao spent months trying to convince local high schools and colleges to give her lab time to continue her experiment. At home, Rao wo

21、rked on her project in the “science room“ she asked her parents to create for her. Rao has created a device that uses three parts: a cartridge, a Bluetooth reader and an app. To put it simply, the cartridge contains carbon nanotubes （纳米管）that react to lead. This reaction is then registered by the Bl

22、uetooth reader, which sends a signal to a mobile app that can tell you immediately if your water is safe to drink.Rao appropriately named the device Tethys and is hoping to make a little improvement to get the device on the market. While we may not be aware of any lead pollution present in our aging

23、 pipelines, lead poisoning can cause delays in physical and mental development. With Rao believing that the “purpose of science is to make a difference” , her incredible invention could make a difference to millions of people in the United States.文章大意：该文主要介绍了一个女孩创造了一款可以检测水中铅水平的装置，从而解决 了一个科学家多年来无视的问题

24、。What do we know about Rao, s device? AIts cheap and quick.Its cheap and inaccurate.Its expensive and reliable.Its portable and time-consuming.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句In just three months, Rao came up with a device （装置）that can replace the costly and lengthy tests currently used to reliably determine lead

25、levels in our fresh water.可推知，与以前又贵又费时的设备相比， Rao所创造的设备既廉价又省时。与第三段最后一句This reaction is then registered by the Bluetooth reader, which sends a signal to a mobile app that can tell you immediately if your water is safe to drink.，f 相照应。应选 A。What made Rao have the idea of designing the device? DHer paren

26、ts， suggestions.Her desire for winning the award.Her interest in settling real problems.The water pollution litigation in Flint.解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Inspired by the current litigation（诉讼） in Flint, Michigan, a case of water pollution from 2021 until present, Rao designed a new testing system that result

27、ed in her being named Americas top young scientist for 2021.可知，Rao设计测试水中铅水平的装置的想法是受一个水污染诉 讼的启发。应选D。What do the carbon nanotubes function as? BSending immediate signals.Detecting the presence of lead.Recording the reaction results.Showing the water quality results.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句To put it simply,

28、 the cartridge contains carbon nanotubes （纳米管）that react to lead.可推知,这个碳纳米管是可以对铅起反 响的，因此可以检测出水中是否含有铅。应选B。What does the author think of Rao, s invention? BItwillleadRao tomake a fortune.Itwillhelpmillions of Americans drink safewater.Itwillpromote thedevelopment of science inAmerica.Itwillsoonsettlet

29、he lead-polluted problemthoroughly.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While we may not be aware of any lead pollution present in our aging pipelines, lead poisoning can cause delays in physical and mental development.“her incredible invention could make a difference to millions of people in the United States和对本段的整体理

30、解可推知，作者认为Rao 的创造可以帮助人们快速检测出水是否含有铅，从而可以大大提高人们饮用水的平安性，意 义重大。应选B。III.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多 余项。（2021 江西省名校高三联考）Are you happy with your appearance? 1. B“Almost all the girls with single-fold eyelids （单眼皮）in our class have had double eyelid operations, Zeng, a Senior 2 student from Che

31、ngdu, told Xinhua. Zeng had the same surgery done this summer. 2. EFrom popular photo-editing apps to plastic surgery （整形手术），it seems that large eyes, pale skin and a skinny body are the only standard for beauty these days. But can following this standard really make us feel good about ourselves?3.

32、C According to Huxiu News, over six in ten girls choose not to take part in certain daily activities, such as attending school, because they feel bad about their looks. As much as 31 percent of teenagers avoid speaking up in class because they worry that others will notice their looks.Many teenagers

33、 are upset about their appearance because they believe in unrealistic standards of beauty, experts say. 4.G Seeing all these things can make anyone believe that they，re too dark, too fat, too short, or too tall.However, trying to live up to strict standards can make us feel anxious. What troubles us

34、 is not just our “imperfect“ looks, but the fact that we criticize ourselves too much.5.A Plus-size models are being featured in some fashion shows. All of us should be just as confident as they are.Beauty comes in all shapes and sizes.Some teenagers might feel negative about their appearance.Body i

35、mage anxiety is common among teenagers.Guys care just as much as girls do about their body image.She and many of her classmates believe bigger eyes look more beautiful.F Its common for teenagers to feel confident about their appearance.Perfect faces and bodies are everywhere in advertising, TV shows

36、 and social media.文章大意：本文主要讨论了青少年如何看待自己的外貌，鼓励青少年要对自己的外貌有 信心，美的形式各有不同。解析：.承接上文“Are you happy with your appearance? 并结合选项可知，选项B对 此问题作出了回应。所以选用B选项。.根据语境及空前一句Zeng had the same surgery done this summer.，z 可知，Zeng 也做了双眼皮手术。故E项“她和许多同学认为大眼睛看起来更漂亮。符合语境，承接上 文。.本段主要讲的是很多青少年对自己的外貌不满意，甚至感到焦虑。故C项“外貌焦 虑在青少年中很普遍。适合

37、作本段主题句。. 根据空后的 “Seeing all these things can make anyone believe that they re too dark, too fat, too short, or too tall. , 并结合上文 uunrealistic standards of beauty可推知，通过与非现实的美形成比照，许多青少年对自己的外貌有自卑感，与选项 G的内容联系紧密。所以选用G选项。.根据下文 “All of us should be just as confident as they are. 可知，本段 主要讲的是要对自己的外貌有信心，美的形式多种

38、多样，而不是只有一个标准。所以选用A 选项。IV .语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Hardly can you succeed L in doing something perfectly the first time you do it. , when you do something for the first time, it is time to give up the idea of perfection.I remember the first time I 3.drove (drive) a car in traffic after getting my drivers license. I was very nervous in that heavy traffic-my driving style showed that I wasn，t a very confident driver. Now Im much more 4.experienced (experience) as a driver. I still don，t consider myself a perfect one, Im much more confident behin