小升初英语-第三章第一节-陈述句

1、第三章 句 型 在英语中，根据句子用途的不同，可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四类。此外，there be句型作为一种特殊而重要的句型，在小学阶段也应注意掌握。知识梳理一、陈述句的概念陈述句是用来陈述事实或者说话人的看法的句子。它包括肯定句和否定句两种。在书写时句末用句号，在朗读时用降调。如：This is a nice book. Susan likes maths very much. My father doesnt go to work on weekends. They arent going to climb the mountain this Saturday. 第一节 陈

2、述句 二、肯定句变否定句的基本方法1. 句中有be动词的句子：变为否定句时只需在be动词后加not。如：(1)I am in Grade Six this year. Im not(I am not) in Grade Six this year. (2)Mike is going to play football this afternoon. Mike isnt(is not) going to play football this afternoon. (3) These are red apples. These arent(are not) red apples. (4) It wa

3、s a fine day yesterday. It wasnt(was not) a fine day yesterday. (5) We were happy at that time. We werent(were not) happy at that time. 2. 句中含有情态动词的句子：变为否定句时只需在情态动词后加 not。如：(1) Peter can fly. Peter cant(can not) fly. (2) You should stop smoking now. You shouldnt(should not) stop smoking now. 3. 实义动词

4、的否定句：谓语动词为行为动词的句子变为否定句时，要根据时态选用do的相应形式(do， does， did)，并在其后加 not。如：(1)I like listening to music. I dont like listening to music. (2)My father likes playing sports. My father doesnt like playing sports. (3) Grandma does housework every day. Grandma doesnt do housework every day. (4) He did his homewor

5、k last night. He didnt do his homework last night. 【注】加do not， does not或did not改为否定句以后，要把原句的动词改为动词原形，特别是当原句中的谓语动词是第三人称单数形式does或过去式did时，改为否定句一定要记得在doesnt或didnt之后加上do。 4. 几种特殊形式的否定句 (1) 肯定句中含有every-的合成词时，变为否定句时将其改为no-的合成词。如：Everything is ready. Nothing is ready. (2) 肯定句中含有always，usually或ever时，变为否定句时将其

6、改为never。如：He is always late for school. He is never late for school. I usually go to the park on foot. I never go to the park on foot. (3) 肯定句中含有many或much时，变为否定句时将其改为few或little。如：Many students know him. Few students know him. There is much milk in the bottle. There is little milk in the bottle. (4)

7、肯定句中含有both，bothand或all时，变为否定句时将其改为neither，neithernor或none，并注意谓语动词要相应变化。如：Both of us are students. Neither of us is a student. Both you and I are right. Neither you nor I am right. All the students are in the classroom. None of the students is in the classroom. (5)“I think”句式变为否定句时，只要在think之前加 dont 即

8、可。如：I think you are right. I dont think you are right. 考点精析考点1 考查句子成分的一致性【例1】改错，选出错误项的字母编号并改正在后面的横线上。 ()1. My mother is doctor. A B C()2. Jack like sports. A B C 解析：本题考查句子成分的一致性，注意一个句子在时态、人称、数量上要保持一致。 第1小题中，C项doctor 是一个可数名词，在句子中使用时，要体现单复数形式，My mother 是一个人，所以，doctor前面要加上 a ； 第2小题同样，因为 Jack 是第三人称，所以动词

9、要用三单形式，应改成 likes。答案：1. Ca doctor2. Blikes 举一反三 1. 改错，选出错误项的字母编号号并改正在后面的横线上。 ( )(1)My brother is playing piano. A B C ( )(2)Some boys comes in happily. A B C ( )(3)Its going to warm tomorrow. A B C CBBplaying the pianocome inbe warm 2. 用动词的适当形式填空。 (1) There _ some bags in the room. The black one _ mi

10、ne. (be) (2) A horse _ run， but it _ fly. (can) (3) David always _ his homework at 7：00 p.m.(do) (4) Look，the fish _ in the water. They are so cute.(swim) areiscancantdoesare swimming考点2 考查陈述句的句式转换【例2】按要求转换句型。1. Today is a rainy day. (改为否定句)2. He does sports three times a week. (改为否定句)解析：本题考查肯定句和否定句的转换，要注意转换规则。第1小题中有be动词 is，则只需要在is之后加上not 即可；第2小题中没有be 动词，而是行为动词do的三单形式does，在改写否定句的时候，要先加上doesnt， 然后再将原来的does 还原为do，放在does之后，这种题是最容易出错的。答案： 1. Today isnt a rainy day. 2. He doesnt do sports three times a week.举一反三按要求转换句型。 1. Tony did homework last night.(改为否定句