InternationalMonetaryFund国际货币基金组织

1、InternationalMonetaryFund国际货币基金组织InternationalMonetaryFund国际货币基IntroductionReinforcing international cooperationEnsuring sufficient resourcesThe history of international monetary fundThe activities of-The aimsAn adaptionThe toolsHow to be one member of IMFIntroductionIntroduction A latest news：world

2、 leaders launch action plan to combat financial crisis on November 15,2008The aims is at resolving the global financial crisis and supporting the IMFs capacity to contribute to these effortsIntroduction A latest news：worManaging Director Strauss-Kahn said:1)The emphasis on fiscal stimulus is essenti

3、al to restore global growth2)The declaration recognizes that some countries have more room for maneuver than others3)The global stimulus needs to be large, in the order of 2 percent of world GDP, to make a sizeable difference to global growth prospectsManaging Director Strauss-KahnReinforcing intern

4、ational cooperationStrauss-Kahn noted G-20s endorsement of strengthening the IMFs mandate in the areas of macroeconomic surveillance，lending to member countries in need，and providing assistance to build up capacity in emerging market and developing countriesIts role in reform of financial markets is

5、 based on its responsibility for surveillance of the global financial systemReinforcing international coopEnsuring sufficient resourcesThe sufficient resources can help to overcome crisis. It has acted to help emerging markets caught up in the crisis-loans for Hungary and Ukraine-agreement in princi

6、ple with Pakistan-a loan for IcelandEnsuring sufficient resourcesTThe history (5 period)1)Cooperation and reconstruction(1994-1917)2)The end of the Bretton Woods System(1972-1981)3)Debt and painful reforms(1982-1989)4)The end of communism(1989-2004)5)Continued glolalization(2005-present)The history

7、(5 period)1)Cooper1)Cooperation and reconstruction(1994-1917)-found reason: breakdown in international monetary cooperation-it was conceived in July 1944-it came into formal existence in December 1945-its membership began to expand in the late 1950s and during the 1960s1)Cooperation and reconstructi

8、2)The end of the Bretton Woods System(1972-1981)-by early 1960s, dollars fixed value, under the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates-the system collapse, the members have been free to choose any form of exchange arrangement 2)The end of the Bretton Woods3)Debt and painful reforms(1982-1989)-

9、the oil shocks of the 1970s-during 1970s, expansionary fiscal policies and overvalued exchange rates-crisis broke out in Mexico in 19823)Debt and painful reforms(1984)The end of communism(1989-2004)-the fall of Berlin wall in 1989 and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in1991 enabled it to be a uni

10、versal institution-its staff expanded by near 30 percent4)The end of communism(1989-205)Continued glolalization(2005-present)-the sharp rise in private international capital flows-globalization affects countries labor, trade, and tax policies 5)Continued glolalization(2005The 5 activitiesPolicy advi

11、ce to governments and central banks based on analysis of economic trends and cross-country experienceResearch, statistics, forecasts, and analysis based on tracking of global，regional，and individual economies and marketsThe 5 activitiesPolicy adviceLoans to help countries overcome economic difficult

12、iesConfessional loan to fight poverty in developing countriesTechnical assistance and training to help countries improve the management of their economiesLoans to help countries overcoThe aimsThe major discipline is the requirement that exchange rates be fixed to the dollarThe IMFs main goal is to e

13、nsure the stability of the international monetary and financial systemThe founders aimed to build a framework for economic cooperation that would avoid a repetition of the disastrous economic policiesThe aimsThe major discipline iWhat are Fund that continue to do？Provide a forum for cooperation on i

14、nternational monetary problemsFacilitate the growth of international trade，thus promoting job creation，economic growth and poverty reductionWhat are Fund that continue toPromote exchange rate stability and an open system of international paymentLend countries foreign exchange when needed，on temporar

15、y basis and under adequate safeguards，to help them address balance of payment problemsPromote exchange rate stabilitSeveral ways of an adaptingEnhancing International Monetary Fund lending facilitiesStrengthening the monitoring of global，regional，and country economiesHelping resolve global economic

16、imbalanceSeveral ways of an adaptingEnhAnalyzing capital market development:Assessing financial sector vulnerabilitiesWorking to cut povertyImproving IMF governanceGreater accountability and transparencyAnalyzing capital market develThe toolsThree main tools: 1) economic surveillance-monitor global,

17、 regional, and national economic development; seek to assess the impact of the economic policies of individual countries on other economies The toolsThree main tools: 2) technical assistance and training -aim to help member countries strengthen their capacity to design and implement effective polici

18、es -four areas: a. monetary and financial policies b. fiscal policy and management c. statistics d. ask for technical assistance in work section 2) technical assistance and t 3)lending-it can be tapped to facilitate recovery-continued financial support-the members can borrow gold and foreign currenc

19、ies from Fund -it provide low-income counties with loans at a confessional rate 3)lendingHow to be a member?To become a member, a country must apply and then be accepted by a majority of the existing members; upon joining, they are assigned a quota which delineates several basic aspectsCollaborating

20、 with othersCooperating with other international organizationsHow to be a member?To become aBasic aspectsSubscriptions: it determines the maximum amount of financial resources the member is obliged to provide to the International Monetary Fund.Voting power: Each member has 250 basic vote plus one ad

21、ditional vote for each SDR (Special Drawing Rights特别提款权 ) 100,000 of quota.Access to financing（融资渠道）SDR allocations（特别提款权配额）:it used as an international reserve asset.Basic aspectsSubscriptions: itCollaborating with othersCollaboration with the World BankRelation: -Differ from each, but complement each others work- IMF focus on macroeconomic and financial sector issues, the World Bank focus on long-term development and poverty reduction.-Countries must join International Monetary first then them are eligible for