高一英语上重点归纳总结

1、立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本高中英语必修 Unit1 &2 of Module 1 重点单词与短语 1. concern （1）n.所关怀的人或事；担忧,挂念1 2 重点归纳总结His greatest concern is the future of his daughter. The report expressed the publics concerned about/for the nuclear waste.（2）v.与 有关；涉及；使 担忧 The lecture concerned the environmental protection. What concerns us

2、is that so many children in the area have dropped out of school. concerned a.关怀的 about,与 有关的 with He is never concerned about what is going on with his family and friends. 拓展：have no concern for毫不关怀be concerned about/for 关怀 as/so far as is concerned 就 而言concerning prep.关于;有关 2. suffer （1）vt.遭受,蒙受痛楚、

3、疾病、饥饿、缺失等 Many provinces in our country suffered a heavy loss in the flood in 1998. （2）vi.from 因 而受缺失,患 病 She is suffering from loss of memory. 拓展：suffering n.痛楚,苦难sufferer n.受苦者D. Suffered from A. Suffer B. Suffering C. Suffering from 3. include vt.包括,包含,算入 The tour included a visit to the Science

4、Museum. 拓展：including 介词 词义为“ 包括,包含”The singer sang a few songs, including two of my favorites = two of my favorites included. 辨析：contain 包括的内容或成分include 包括整体的一部分 hold 能容纳立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本 4. advice n.看法 ,建议,忠告 ask sb. for advice征求某人的看法follow/take sbs advice 接受某人的建议give/offer sb. advice on 就 给某人建议 a pi

5、ece of advice一条建议 much/lots of advice 很多建议 拓展 : advise v.建议 advise doing sth.建议做 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做 advise. that sb./sth. should do 建议 They strongly advised that the government should take some measures to improve the transport. 考点例题 : 改错： The Smiths thought of some advice that they went tra

6、veling on foot together. 5. request （1）n.恳求 ,要求 We will make a request for help if necessary. His request is that the workshould be finished as soon as possible. （2）v.恳求,要求request sth. request sb. to do sth. request sth from sb. request that sb./sth. should do 6. calm （1）adj.冷静的,冷静的 He remained calm

7、 in time of danger. （2）vt.使寂静；使寂静 Youd better take a deep breath to calm yourself before answering the question.拓展：calm down 冷静；寂静 calm sb. down使某人冷静 The moment the famous film star appeared on the stage, the excited audience calmed down. 辨析：calm 指无风浪或人的心情寂静 quiet 指没有声音,不吵闹 still 指没有运动或动作的状态 silent

8、指不作声,不讲话立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本 三. 重点短语 1. go through经受,经受 go through a hard time经受一段困难时期 go through the baggage检查行李 go through the newspaper浏览报纸 拓展：go after 追求,追逐 go ahead前进；请说（做）吧 go by 走过,（时间）过去 go along with 向前,（与 ）一起去 go in for 爱好,从事 go out 外出；（灯,火）熄灭 go over 越过；复习 go up 爬上,（价格等）上升 2. do with 处理 do wit

9、h pollution 处理污染 have sth./much/nothing to do with 与 有些关系 /很大关系 /没有关系 拓展：What to do with . How to deal with .3. get along/on with get along/on with sb.与某人相处 get along/on with sth某事进展 拓展：get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 与 相处得好 /不好, 进展顺当 /不顺当get away离开,逃离 get down to doing开头仔细干 get down下来；写下,取下 g

10、et off 下（车,飞机）,脱下get over克服,摆脱 get through 通过,做完get together集合4. have trouble/ difficulty/ problem with sb./ sth 和某人相处 /做某事有困难He has no trouble with English grammar. 拓展：Have trouble/difficulty/ problem in doing sth. 做某事有困难We have some difficulty in dealing with the matter. 立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本 四. 重点句型 1.

11、 It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. 这是我一年半来第一次目睹夜晚；此句为复合句, that 引导定语从句修饰 the first time. It/ This is / was the first /second time that sb. have/ had done sth. 某人第一 /二次做 1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.

12、遛狗时,你太马虎,狗松扣了而被车撞了；While walking the dog = while you were walking the dog 在时间、条件、让步状语从句中, 假如主句的主语和从句的主语相同,而且从句中的谓语动词又含有be 的某种形式,从句中的主语和be 可以省略；When I was traveling in Beijing =when traveling in Beijing, I happened to meet a former classmate. Though he is over sixty= though over sixty, he still keeps

13、 on studying English. She wont go to the conference unless she is invited= unless invited. 2. Why do you think people all over the world want to learn English. 你认为为什么世界各地的人们都想学习英语呢？本句为双重疑问名句, do you think 在句中做插入语 留意：一般疑问句用疑问语序 do you think 特别疑问句疑问词置于句首,并用陈述语序；可用于该句型的动词仍有 believe, guess, imagine, ,su

14、ppose等 Who do you suppose is the right person for the job. How many students do you guess have been to the Great Wall. 3. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你,（世界上）没有什么标准英语；（1）believe it or not 在句中做插入语,意为“ 信不信由你；我说的是真的”；常见的插入语有：generally speaking一般来说 judging from 从 来判

15、定 to be honest说实在的（2）such的用法小结frankly speaking 坦白地说 to tell you the truth 说真的；老实说 to make matters worse更糟糕的是no such as没有这样的 such as例如 such as像 这样的 such that 这样 以致于 He is reading such a book as you borrowed from the library last week. 立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本他在读的书和你上周从图书馆借来的一样；（ as是关系代词,引导定语从句）He is reading s

16、uch an interesting book that I want to borrow it. 他在读的书这么好玩,我想借来读读； （ that 引导结果状语从句）Unit 3&4 of Module 1 重点单词与短语1. persuade vt.说服； 劝服； 使信任（1）persuade sb.说服某人Advertisers try to persuade consumers to buy their goods. （2）persuade sb. to do sth.= persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事We have persuade him

17、to give up smoking. （3）persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb. out of /against doing sb. 说服/劝服某人别做某事 His mother persuaded him not to give up the chance to take part in the competition. （4）persuade sb. of sth./ that+ clause 设法使某人信任 He failed to persuade the workers of his honesty = to persuade the

18、 workers that he was honest. 留意：persuade强调说服、劝服的结果；而只表劝告动作不表结果时需用try to persuade 或换成 advise；1. insist v. （1）坚决要求；坚决主见Insist on / upon doing sth.或 insist that-clause,从句动词用 should do The government insists that waste water should be made clean before going into the river. She insisted on our staying t

19、here for supper. （2）坚持认为；坚持说Insist on / upon doing sth.或 insist that-clause,从句动词用陈述句语序和相应的时态He insisted on his innocence. 无罪 The farmer insisted that the neighbor had stolen his sheep. 2. determine v.打算； 确定； 下决心 + n. + to do sth. determine + clause + on/upon sht./doing sth. +疑问句 +to do sth. You had

20、better determine a date for the meeting as soon as possible. It is unnecessary to determine what each word means while you are reading a passage. I haven t determined where to spend the seven-day holiday. 拓展：立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本 determination n.决心； 打算 determined adj.决然的；坚决的 be determined to do下决心干 =make

21、up one s mind to do give sb. a determined look坚决地看某人 a determined man意志坚决的人 3. familiar adj.熟识的 ；通晓 The lady looked somewhat familiar, but I could not remember where I had seen her. 拓展：be familiar with 熟识 ；通晓 be familiar to 对 熟识的 考点例题： The song is familiar _to_me. = I am familiar _with_ the song. 1.

22、 riserose, risen （1）vi.上升,起立（床）,增长 The amount of money spent in dealing with the problem of pollution keeps rising year by year. （2）n. 上升,上涨,升起arise in price 涨价 give sb. a rise给某人提工资 a rise in the cost of living 生活费用的增加at the rise of the sun日出之时 拓展：raise vt.举起,提出,提高,饲养 The price of rice has been rai

23、sed lately. = The price of rice has risen lately. raise chickens养鸡rise ones voice 提高嗓音raise ones hands 举起手2. injure v.受伤,损害 They were slightly/seriously/badly injured in the crash. Smoking will surely injure ones health.拓展：injured adj.受伤的 injury n.伤口,受伤处 hurt身体部位 感到疼；（肉体或精神上）受到损害 wound 受伤（枪伤 /刀伤）等立身

24、以立学为先,立学以读书为本 harm 意指无形损害,“ 对 有害” 常指伤及一个人的健康、权益、事业等 damage主要用于无生命的东西,常指对价值和功能的损坏,可修复；destroy 意为“ 毁坏,毁灭” ,指不行修复的破坏；Reading in the sun harms your eyes. It hurts me to think that so many people died in the flood. In the battle, hundreds of soldiers were wounded and some were even killed. 考点例题： Although

25、 the city had been attacked by the storm several times, _was done. A. a few damages B. few destroy C. little hurt D. little damage 三、重点短语：1. care with 关怀,担忧,惦念 What she cares about is her own future. I don t care about what he is talking about.拓展：care for 喜爱； 照料；关怀 He had to care for his sister whil

26、e studying in college. I care much for pop music. 2. change ones mind 转变想法t believe him easily.It is easy for him to change his mind, so don拓展：make up one s mind 下决心keep one s mind on 用心于read one s mind 看出某人的心思bear/keep sth. in mind记住某事 speak one s mind 坦率说出心里话3. give in to向 屈服,让步 I will never give

27、in to difficulties. 拓展：give away 泄露；送掉；赠送 give back 归仍 give up 舍弃（后接 sth./doing sth.）give off 发出（蒸汽、光等）give out 分发；筋疲力尽 give way to 让位于；妥协 We cant give way to their deman ds. 立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本 He had no choice but to give up going abroad for further education. 4. for one thing ., for another 一方面 另一方面

28、；一就 再就 I am not going to Beijing for a holiday with them. For one thing, I have no time; for another, I have been there. 拓展：On the one hand, on the other hand用以引出相互冲突的观点和看法 On the one hand, the concert really is worth going to, but on the other hand, the ticket is too expensive. 5. tens of thousands

29、 of 数以万计的Tens of thousands of people were watching the game in the stadium when it began to rain heavily. 拓展：hundreds of数百的hundreds of and thousands of 成百上千的thousands of数千的 millions of 数百万的dozens of很多； 大量 scores of 很多； 大量6. be known/well known as = be famous as作为 而出名 Shenzhen is well-known as a mode

30、rn city. 拓展：be known for 由于 而著名be known to sb.为 所熟识 It is known to all that 众所周知 As is known to all, 众所周知 It is well-known to us all it is very important to keep the balance of nature. =As is well-known to us all, it is important to keep the balance of nature. 7. break out战争、火灾、疫病等 突然发生,爆发 A fire br

31、oke out in the supermarket last night. 拓展：break down出毛病,不运转break away from 脱离,摆脱 break in 插话,破门进入break into 破门闯入break off 突然终止break through突围,突破立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本8. lose hope失望He never loses hope even when he fails. lose heart泄气；灰心lose courage懊丧lose face丢脸；受屈辱lose touch with sb.与某人失去联系lose one s way 迷路

32、lose one s breath 上气不接下气lose one s head 昏了头lose one s life 丧生,遇害四、重点句型1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.是我姐姐第一想到骑自行车沿湄公河从它的源头骑到终点的；It was who引导的是一个强调句型；两个where引导的从句均作介词宾语从句；强调句型结构：It is/was +被强调部分 +that/who+其余部分It was the

33、y that put forward the problem at the meeting. It was not until you told me that I realized that she hadnt turned up yet.What is it that is happening there. 2. While dairy writers try to record how they feel very soon after things happen, journal writers try to better understand what has happened to

34、 them much later. 虽然日记作者试图在事情发生后不久就记录他们的感受,但是日记作者要在很久后才能努力尝试更好地懂得发生在他们身上的事；while 引导的是一个让步状语从句,while 作连词用法小结：（1）=though/although尽管,虽然how 和 what 引导的均为宾语从句；While I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they cant be solved.（2）与 同时He listened to music while doing his homework. （3）在 期间,当 时候 He

35、fell off the bike while he was practicing riding. （4）（表对比）而,却 He was against the plan while the majority was/were in favor of it. Modu1e 1 Unit 5 & Module 2 Unit 1 重点单词与短语立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本 1. active adj.积极的,敏捷的,活性的 Over seventy as he is, he is still active. I can t tell whether it is an active volcano

36、.拓展：拓展：be active in 在 方面活跃,积极参与 take an active part in积极参与 act n./v.行为,举动,行动 action n.行为,做法 activity n.活动 actor/ actress n.（男女）演员 2. continue v.连续,连续,连续 continue + n. continue to do /doing sth. The road continues as far as we can see. We cant continue to w ork/working with all that noise going on. 拓

37、展：continue 指“ 原先做的事现在仍在做或有中断,然后连续做下去”；事go on 后接 to do sth.表连续做另一件事；后接 doing sth.表连续做同一件事； go on with sth.连续干某last 指“ 连续长期” ；The weatherman says that the fine weather will last a week. 3. reward 1n.报答,奖赏,酬劳 He worked hard in hope of getting a financial reward. 2报答；答谢 The old lady rewarded the boy wit

38、h a smile. They will be rewarded for what they have done. 拓展：as a rewarded for 作为对 的酬劳give/offer a reward to sb. for sth.为某事而答谢某人reward sb. for sth./doing sth.为某事而答谢某人4. remain vi.保持,仍是；后常跟形容词、名词、介词短语及 v.-ed 或 v.-ing Mr. Smith remained active/ expressionless/ single/fat. 立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本 They remaine

39、d friends/ partners/ competitors. The coal mine（煤矿） reminds closed/ working regularly. 注： remainder n.残余；剩余物5. wonder 1n.诧异,奇迹 It s a wonder that you recognized me. It s No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.2wonder 作动词常用于以下词组及句型：wonder +从句“ 自忖 ,自问 ,不知道 想知道 ”Tom wondered why

40、he was wanted by the police. 3wonder +if 从句“ 请问您是否 ”4wonder at 对 感到诧异 I wonder at his rudeness. 6. doubt 1n.怀疑；不确定；不信任（用于礼貌地提出恳求）There is no doubt about sth./ that 毫无疑问 without doubt 确定地；无疑地Without doubt, we will defeat them. 2v.对 无把握,怀疑I don t doubt that 我确定 （ =I m sure/certain that）I doubt if/whet

41、her 我不确定 （ =I m not sure/certain if/whether）7. consider vt.1考虑=think about consider doing sth./sth.考虑做某事I consider finding a new job. 2认为（ =regard as .consider sb./sth. as / to beWe consider him as our wise leader. consider it +形容词 + to do sth 认为做某事是 I consider it necessary to remind him of his bad

42、behaviour. 3考虑到；体谅（ =take into account/consideration）considering 考虑到 注： considerable adj.相当多的；相当大的considerate adj.考虑周到的；爱护的立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本 consideration n.考虑 三. 重点短语：1. in trouble 处于困境中,有麻烦He is ready to help those who are in trouble. 拓展：get into trouble 遇到麻烦 make trouble制造麻烦 ask for trouble 自找麻烦 ha

43、ve trouble in doing sth.做某事有困难 save trouble省事 take great trouble to do sth.不辞劳累做某事 put sb. to the trouble of doing sth.麻烦某人做某事 2. out of work/ a job 失业 He lost his job the year before last, that is to say, he has been out of work for nearly two years. 拓展：at work 在工作 off work 在休班 after work 下班后 go to

44、 work 去上班out of habit 出于习惯 out of breath 气喘吁吁 out of date 过期；过时 = out of fashion out of control 失去掌握 3. think highly of = have a good opinion of 看重；高度评判 They think highly of your work abilities. 拓展：What do you think of sb./ sth.你认为某人 /物怎么样？think much/well of 对 评判良好 think nothing of 对 无所谓；不把 当回事 thin

45、k badly/poorly of 对 评判不高 think of sb./ sth. as 把 某人 /物当作 4. rather than不是别的,而是 Rather than idle away his youth doing nothing in the large company, he started his own small business. He ran rather than walked. 拓展：立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做 ；而不愿做 =prefer doing to doing other th

46、an = except for除了 ；而非There is nobody here other than me. 考点例题： This crop doesnt do well in soils _the one for which it has been specially developed. A beyond B rather than C outside D other than 解：other than意思是：不同于,除 之外； rather than意思是：而不是；依据句意：除了这块专门为它培养的土壤,这种作物在其它土壤上都生长不好；应挑选 D. 四. 重点句型1. we were

47、put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government. 我们被置于这样一种境地,或者是被迫承认我们低人一等,或者是与政府作斗争；这是一个主从复合句, in which 引导定语从句,修饰先行词 position；类似的名词仍有 situation, stage, case等,作先行词时,可用where引导定语从句Can you think of a situation where you once felt embarrassed. 拓展：介词 +关系

48、代词 which 在定语从句中充当时间、地点、缘由状语,相当于关系副词 when, where 和why；He is the boss of the restaurant where （= in which） we often have lunch. Today when （= on which） the product will be put into use will come soon. The reason why（= for which ） he was late for school was unbelievable. 2. Only then did we decide to a

49、nswer violence with violence. 只有在这时,我们才打算用暴力抵抗暴力；此句为倒装句； only 修饰状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）置于句首时,句子需要倒装；Only when it rains do I take a bus to school. Only there did we once see him. 3. Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to the Palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. 后来,叶卡捷林那二世派人搬到了圣

50、彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中；have sth. done有两种含义（1）让某事被别人做（2）承担,蒙受 之后果,如：I ll go to the hospital to have my eyes examined by the doctor. 拓展：have sb. do sth.叫某人做某事 =ask sb. to do sth. Who did you have put up the poster. 立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本 have sth./sb. doing 让 始终做某事Dont have the machine working too long.句型 have sth./sb

51、. doing sth.侧重描画或呈现情形,因此,v.-ing 后一般跟有时间或方式状语There nothing too serious with your leg. Ill have you walking around in a week.Module 2 Unit 2 & 3 重点单词与短语 1. admit vt. & vi. （1）许可某人 /物进入 This ticket admits two people to the football match. （2）接纳,接受某人（入院入学等）All countries can take part in if their athlete

52、s reach the standard to be admitted to the games. Every four years athletes from all over the world are admitted as competitors. He was admitted to hospital with serious burns. （3）承认,招认admit （doing）sth.承认某事 /做了某事 admit that +从句 承认 He never admits that he is wrong. John has admitted that he broke the

53、 window. = John has admitted _ the window. 拓展：admission n.答应加入；承认 admission price入场费 admittedly = to be honest说实在的 2. relate v.将两件事联系起来；有关；涉及 It is difficult to relate the cause and effect in the case. relate sth. to /with sth.把 与 联系起来 relate to sb./ sth.与 有关；涉及 拓展：related adj.有关的；在联系的 = relevant ad

54、j. relation n.关系,联系,亲戚 relative n.亲戚； adj.相对的 relativity n. 相对性 3. promise v. &n. （1）承诺；答应promise to do sth.答应做某事 promise sb. sth.答应某人某事立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本 promise +that 从句 答应 make a promise许下诺言 keep a promise遵守诺言 carry out a promise履行诺言 break a promise违反诺言（2）可能 The clear sky promise fine weather. 注： pr

55、omising adj.有出息的；有前途的；有期望的 4. common adj. （1）一般的；通常的 common sense常识 common people一般老百姓（2）共有的；共同的 common property, ownership共有的财产,全部权 common interest, purpose共同的爱好,目的 have sth in common with与 有共同之处 拓展：commonly adv.通常的；经常的 区分： common, ordinary, usual common 所指事物是最平常的；它指常发生,并且是“ 熟识的,常见的”ordinary“ 一般的,平

56、凡的”,强调无特别之处（ not special）It was a very ordinary day today. Tom Sawyer was an ordinary American boy who kept getting into trouble. usual 常用来指由于长时间没有变化而形成的一种习惯或制度,描写“ 一贯的,通常” 预料所及的事 情；He sat in his usual seat. Are you coming home at the usual time. Yes, I shall leave the office at the same time as usu

57、al. 5. advantage n.优点；优势；有利条件At the end of an hours play the advantage lay definitely with him.拓展：an advantage of sth. is that 其中的一个优点是 an advantage of using solar energy is that it will not pollute the environment. take advantage of 对 加以利用；欺诈to sb.s advantage 对某人有利have /get/win an advantage over （o

58、f）赛过；优于立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本 6. arise vi.（arose, arisen）显现；发生 arise from /out of 由 引起；由 产生 A new difficulty has arisen.显现了新的困难；Accidents arise from carelessness.疏忽大意往往会引起事故的发生；拓展：区分： arise, rise, raise, arouse arise表示“ 显现；发生” 相当于happen, appear, 而 rise 无此意rise（rose, risen）升起；起立（床）,上涨；提高 rise from tale （餐毕）

59、起立离桌 His voice rose in excitement.他兴奋得声音提高了；raise v.提高；举起；增加；募捐；饲养；及物动词,后接宾语 He raised his arms above his head. arouse vt.唤醒,唤起,激起,引起 arouse sb. from sleep唤醒某人 s enthusiasm 激起某人的积极性 arouse sb 二. 重点短语：1. as well as也；而且（ =in addition to sth./ sb. else）as well as连接两个并列成分时,意为“ 也”前面的人或物；,“ 和” ,“ 不仅 而且” ,

60、 “ 既 又 ” 通常强调Parents should show great concern about their childrens mental health as well as their physical heaParents should show great concern not only about their childrenphysical health but also about their mental health.父母应当特别关怀孩子的身体健康,也要关怀他们的心理健康；注：当它连接并列主语时,谓语动词的人称和数需和前面的主语一样；The teacher as