真题工商2011-翻译英语

1、浙江工商大学年翻专入试（A）总分：100 时间：180科目：211 （请在答题纸上答题，写在本试卷上无效(60Directions:Thereare60hispart.Completethembychoosingthebestfromthealternatives.WritetheanswerontheAnswerNoagreementwasheasneithersidewouldgivewaytoA.theB.anyC.D.Do you know浙江工商大学年翻专入试（A）总分：100 时间：180科目：211 （请在答题纸上答题，写在本试卷上无效(60Directions:Thereare

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19、houghhard taskD.Thoughhardthe Dohelpyourselvestosomefruit,you?A.ThepopularityoftheA.B.dont B.C.tthereviewersfearswereC.yD.(60Directions: Read the following 4 passages and complete the sementsafterthembychoosingthe best from the four alternatives. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.PassageOf all t

20、he musical richestexistinourlives,theorchestraaffordsusthemostvariedsource of genuine listening pleasure. Countless communities look upon their local orchestras, small or large, as their most treasured cultural ensembles maainfairlyextensivetravelschedulesregularorchestraoftheirs. Many of the larger

21、 tbring them to towns and cities without In addition, the great orchestras of the world can now reach even the most remote areas to a of recorded , as well as through radio broadcasts. enormous repertoire is available for anyone who cares to listen. Works in this repertoire from early orchestral lit

22、erature for smaller orchestras to grand creations written for the orchestra by major ers, from the giant orchestral to the avant-4页 10complexitiesofmodernWithoutadoubt,the orchestra e themostimportantvehicle for the musicalthought.The ns heorchestrass enrichtheircommunityby t new generations of ns,

23、or simply music lovers, are given the complexitiesofmodernWithoutadoubt,the orchestra e themostimportantvehicle for the musicalthought.The ns heorchestrass enrichtheircommunityby t new generations of ns, or simply music lovers, are given the kind superior t only an actively engaged, practicing n can

24、 impart. In he United esorchestras usuallyenjoy either direct or ernment there aretodayclose to one thousandorchestrasofallsizes and ofvarying importanceit is a matter of civic consciousness and pride for the people of local communities to take on responsibility of supporting their orchestras, there

25、by ally involved in individual well as group efforts in behalf of music. However, these private contributions rarely keep orchestra out of debt, and some public funds are he United es to support For le, the National Endowment for the Arts, an independent federal agency, distributes portionofitsfunds

26、toorchestraBoth in a musical and sociological sense, the orchestra today occupies a ition our cultural life. A look at the evolution of the orchestra not only provides us with o the development of music but also affords usa capsule history of the patronage of WhatdoesthepassagemainlyThehistoryoftheT

27、heneedforincreasedfundingofTheculturalroleofthe TheauthormentionsEuropeanandAmericanorchestrasinparagraph3inordertocompare differenttypeofmusicalItcanbeinferredfromthepassage promoteartisticttheeoftheNationalEndowmentfortheArtsB.schedulefovernmentheUnitedS C. licenseorchestrastoD.hire64.Thepassageme

28、ntionsallofthefollowingmethodsusedbyorchestramemberstomusictionC. recordingD.writingnewof65.TheparagraphfollowingthepassagemostprobablydiscussesA.typesofpeoplewhoattendB.trainingeanorchestra5页 10C.vedthemodernD.differentinstrumentalsectionsofthePassageThe objective of agriculture is to collect and s

29、tore solar energy as food energy in plant and animal products, which are then distributed to serve as food for the human population. To solarenergy inplantsandanimalsand tohelpcropsconvertthis solar o foodenergythen to distribute the food C.vedthemodernD.differentinstrumentalsectionsofthePassageThe

30、objective of agriculture is to collect and store solar energy as food energy in plant and animal products, which are then distributed to serve as food for the human population. To solarenergy inplantsandanimalsand tohelpcropsconvertthis solar o foodenergythen to distribute the food products, farmers

31、 spend fossil-fuel energy and electric thesoil,fertilizing,irrigating,harvesting,andNew kinds of energy have helped to make a revolution in farm life, farmwork, and output since 1900. Only dred years he United es most people were rural farmers, planters, trappers, and he nineteenth century, most wor

32、k was done on by er, human or animal. The chief of energy for heating were wood and Many farms were fortunate enough to have a windmill for water. In 1900 farmworker was able to supply the needs of about seven people. In contrast, a farmworker sthe needsof50major t energy made to farming were in the

33、 use of lfertilizer, an energy-ensive product, and in factory-made farm machinery, which required energy to produce. Motorized farm machinery, which also required energy for its operation,becamepracticalforthefarmeraround1910whenfarmtractorsbecameDuring the period of 1900 to 1971, the size of the av

34、erage he United es n doubled while the farm population declined to one-third of its 1900 level. This change y roductionofnewtechnologiestothefarming s,includingtheusetractors, l fertilizers, motorized harvesters, and new scientific methods rming. total 1975 there were y 5 million tractors in he Unit

35、ed es of 250 million er, consuming 21 gallons of gasoline and 20 gallons of diesel fuel he United es. The use of l fertilizer grew bya factor of y during the period 1900 to 1970 and is a critical factor of land cultivated.66.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyhe ability to increase crop yield per A.Thecontribu

36、tionsofdifferenttypesofenergytothedevelopmentB.TheimportanceofsolarenergytoC.TheincreaseincropyieldsincesfulD.Theobjectiveofagriculturesincetheearly67.WhichofthefollowingdoestheauthorimplyaboutpumpedA. ItwasaluxurysomefarmsdidB.ItroducedonfarmsafterC. ItwasofbetternwatertakendirectlyfromaD.ItwasheUn

37、itedesbeforethe68. A.n1900andtoday,theefficiencyofthefarmworkerhasnfourysevenby50 byalmost1006页 1069.Accordingtothepassage,lfertilizerisresponsibleforwhichoftheTheincreasedcostIncreasedcroprmC.LowerenergyD.Thedecreasedneedfortractorsand70.WhichofthesisbestsupportedbytheA. Motorized farm equipment ee

38、red by solar energy he B. Farmoutputincreasedmorefrom1970tothe69.Accordingtothepassage,lfertilizerisresponsibleforwhichoftheTheincreasedcostIncreasedcroprmC.LowerenergyD.Thedecreasedneedfortractorsand70.WhichofthesisbestsupportedbytheA. Motorized farm equipment eered by solar energy he B. Farmoutput

39、increasedmorefrom1970tothenduringtheperiodfrom1900C.Asneweavailable,farmsemoreD. Because of the increased size orms, there is a greater demand for farmworkersthere washe past.PassageBecause most people do not teer to pay taxes their own l ernments cannot influence economic activity simply by asking

40、people to ess, to moneytothepoor,ortobeinnovative.plishtheseernmentshavetopassSince the early twentieth ernments of countries with advanced industrial or economies have been playing an increasing role in economics. This can be he growth e devoted ernment taxation and he share of e-supportpayments,an

41、dbytheenormousThe large-anization of business,as hecontrolofeconomicassproduction and distribution, has to the formation of large-anizationscorporations, labor unions, t have grown in importance in the past several decades. Their presence growing dominance have shifted capitalist economies away from

42、 traditional market ernmentadministrationofhe United ernment provides a framework of laws for the conduct of temptto make it serve the erest. For instance, the individual esand ve passed laws to shield investors against fraud. These laws specify information has to be disclosed to prospective investo

43、rs when shares of stocks or bonds offered for sales. Another important area of law concerns the labor force, such as regulation workhours, minimumwages,ndsafetyconditions, childlaborandtherightsofworkersform unions, to strike, to demonstrate ivesoftheirownand to bargain collectively In other nations

44、, the ways heir economieshave varied;esandparticipateineconomic ernmentseverywheredealwithessentiallythesamet are reluctant to regulate commerce directly have undertaken large-such as hydroelectric and nuclear energy developments, ion networks, ofhealth,education,andublic71.Accordingtothepassage,why

45、erveneineconomicA.PeopledonotwillinglyregulatetheirownbusinessernmentsunderstandtheeconomynanyoneelseC. BusinessesernmentstoparticipateineconomicD.Theeconomicwouldfailwithoutthehelp7页 1072. According to the passage, how has the growth of large-corporationsandlaborunionsaffectedcapitalistch IIIIsernm

46、entstopasslawsprotectingtraditionalsdestroyedcapitalismandreplacediternmentsledtotheincreasingroleernmentineconomicscausedunfaircompetitionnlargeandsmallThe author mentions laws to shield investors against fraud in paragraph 3 as an Whatpo tanize72. According to the passage, how has the growth of la

47、rge-corporationsandlaborunionsaffectedcapitalistch IIIIsernmentstopasslawsprotectingtraditionalsdestroyedcapitalismandreplacediternmentsledtotheincreasingroleernmentineconomicscausedunfaircompetitionnlargeandsmallThe author mentions laws to shield investors against fraud in paragraph 3 as an Whatpo

48、tanizetservethetprotectthelaborforce tsetthepriceofdoes the author make t do not want to regulate A.Theycannotcompeteeffectively B.Theyhavecapitalisteconomiesbasedontraditionalmarket.C.TheyhavenolawsforprotectingtheenvironmentandpublicD.Theyheeconomythroughpublicprojectsand.According to the passage,

49、 all of the following are ex economic activity EXCEPTtaxationandsmallbusinessles ernment participation D.PassageA l group can be defined as a set of two or more people eract regularly and in t is defined by some common e, a set of norms (shared standards of anda structure of uses and roles he group.

50、 By this definition, the members ofa class,ofa family,andof aworkplace allqualifyaslgroups.In contrast, peoplestandingoncorner waiting these raffic light do not qualify, even if nteract. There is no regularity eraction, nor any of roles and uses. They share a common eonly to the t they all want to c

51、ross the street, but once across, they will all go separateways.SociologistsrefertosuchaclusterofpeopleasanA particular kind of l t is of great odern society is the anization, which is defined as a relatively large-scale group having a name, some leoals, a structure of uses and roles, and a set of r

52、ules designed to promote anizations from other kinds of groups is the lgoals. What distinguishes usually writtennature of the goals, rules, and us structure. The structure of a anizationi fficiently clear t it can be put on he form of anizations can be o three broad types. anizations anizationspeopl

53、e choose to join them because they erested in the e or activities. les of anizations are political groups and anizations.Anothertype,somewhatwithanizations,isthe8页 10anization designed plish some task. Businesses and improvement tions are les of this type, as are large-anizations such ernments and c

54、orporations. Finally, there are tpeople are compelled to participate in, such as the military in some countries. Children frequently participate in, a wider range of coerciveanizations, most notably schools.76.WhatdoesthepassagemainlyA.HoweractinB.Thestructureoflgroupsanization designed plish some task. Businesses