八年级英语外研版上课件动词不定式用法

1、八年级英语外研版上课件动词不定式用法What are the three non-predicates in English?The Infinitive?to do sth?to be doing sth?to have done?The Participle?doing ?having done?done ?The Gerund?doing ?having doneWhat are the three non-predica语法：动词不定式在句子中的作用作主语：e.g.To sayis one thing;to dois another.Its important to do it rig

2、ht away.作表语：e.g. What you should is to leave here at once.The problem is how to do it.作宾语：e.g. I want to buy something for him .I dont know what to do next.语法：动词不定式在句子中的作用作主语：e.g.To say作宾语补足语：e.g.He asked me to wait for him for a while.My father lets me go out alone at night. 不带to的不定式作宾补！作定语（位于名词或代词

3、之后）：e.g. Do you have anything to say?Have you got the permission to use the computer ?作宾语补足语：e.g.He asked me to wai作状语（目的、结果、原因等）：e.g.We eat to live; we dont live to eat.目的e.g.We went to see him only to find him out.结果状语e.g.We are glad to see you.原因状语在tooto do ;adj./adv.+enough to do结构中作结果状语；在in ord

4、er to ;so as to结构中作目的状语；在be + adj. +to do 中作原因或方式状语。e.g. He is old enough to go to school.He got up early so as to catch the bus.Im sorry to hear that.作状语（目的、结果、原因等）：e.g.We eat to1.To select the right colorsis important for business. ( subject)2. My dream is to go to Beijing University.( predicative

5、)3. Western brides choose to wear whiteontheir wedding days. (object )4. To attract more customers, they paint their restaurant red. ( adverbial )5. I have no way to help him out of trouble. (attribute)1.To select the right colorsis5. I dont think it difficult to improve our Englishin a short time.

6、(formal object)6. Never hesitateto help others. (object)7.We have been told when and where to have the physical examination. (object)8. It is necessary for young people nowadays to master at least one foreign language. (formal subject)5. I dont think it difficult Special patterns:1.He is said to hav

7、e already finishedhis task.= It is said thathe has already finished 2. He is thought to bethe best player.= It is thought thathe is the best player.3. She is believed to have landedin America= It is believed thatshe has landed 4. You seem to have seenthe film.= It seems thatyou have seen the film. S

8、pecial patterns:1.He is said only to do -1.He hurried back to his house, only to find that it was empty2. He survived the air crash, only to die in the desert3. I ran to the station, only to see the train was out of the station. 4. He enjoyed laughing at others ,only to find himself laughed at.only

9、to do -1.He hurried b不带to的不定式a.feel，hear，see,watch, listen to , look at, observe, notice* I sawwatched him drive off* I heardhim lockthe door(but : He was seen to enterthe office)b. make, let, have( lethas no passive voice )c. had better, would rather than do anything/nothing but /except* He does no

10、thing but complain* My dog does everything but speak不带to的不定式a.feel，hear，see,watch,动词不定式易考点：1.They are said to_(D在建）a bridge.A. build B. built C. have built D. be building. B2. She seemed to _ me before.A. be meeting B. have met C. have been meeting 动词不定式有时态的变化！常有进行时（不定式动作在持续）、完成时（在谓语动作之前完成）、完成进行时（在谓

11、语动作之前已经开始并一直持续的动作）。动词不定式易考点：1.They are said to_3. She doesnt like to _(C被表扬）in public.A. praise B. be praising C. be praised 4.The coat is too large to _.AA. wear B. be worn C. be wearing动词不定式有被动语态（即逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时使用），但在以下四种情况中不定式主动表被动！在too(enough)to 结构中在there be 结构中：to doe.g. There is a lot of work

12、 _.3. She doesnt like to _(C被too + adj. / adv. + to do* You are too young to understand* He was too drunk to drive home.* The case was too heavy（for her）to carry. + adj + enough + to do sth.* you are old enough to support yourself.* The ice wasthick enough to walk on.too + adj. / adv. + to do* Yo在形容

13、词easy,difficult,hard,good,heavy等词后作状语时。e.g. The novel is easy to read.The bag is heavy to carry at that time.虽然不定式与修饰词之间有逻辑动宾关系，但如与另外一个名词或代词具备逻辑主谓关系，不定式亦用主动表被动意义。e.g.Please give the childrensome booksto readIhave nothingto say.主谓动宾关系在形容词easy,difficult,hard,good,三：动词不定式的省略问题：为了避免重复前面已经出现的动词，可以省去不定式中的

14、动词及其宾语。e.g. Would you like to see our baby?-I d love to( see your baby) .省略！I want to mend your radio,but I dont know how to_(如何修）？The boy want to ride his bicycle in the Astreet,but his father told him_.A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D.do not to三：动词不定式的省略问题：为了避免重复前面已经出现的动词，可四：不定式作定语需要加介词的情况：1.

15、与它修饰的词有动宾关系，而该不定式中的动词又是不及物动词时，其后需加适当的介词以带逻辑宾语：e.g. She is a very nice person to workwithThere is nothing to _(worry about担心）.四：不定式作定语需要加介词的情况：1.与它修饰的词有动宾关系2.与修饰的词有动宾关系的不定式，虽动词是及物动词但已带有自己的宾语，其后需加适当的介词，以将不定式短语与其修饰的词连接起来。e.g. Here is a box to put things in.=put things 动宾介宾in a box.Jack is the very pers

16、on discuss the matter with讨论这个问题）。to_(2.与修饰的词有动宾关系的不定式，虽动词是及物动词但已带有自3.动词不定式修饰表地点的词如room,house,school等时，不定式需加适当的介词。e.g. He is looking for a hotel to stay at .I have a small room _(居住).to live in注意：不定式所修饰的词表不定式动作发生的时间、方式时，常不加介词！e.g. Its time to get up.That will be the best way to solve the problem.3.动

17、词不定式修饰表地点的词如room,house,scho4。不定式的时态I saw him go out.（同时或之后）Im sorry glad to be working with you （进行）Im sorry to have kept you waiting.（之前）4。不定式的时态I saw him go out.（同时或之Practice:1. The patient was warned _ oily food after Cthe operation.A.Not eating B. to eat not C. not to eat D. eating not 2. The li

18、ttle time we have together we try _ wisely .A. spending B. to spend it C. to spend D. spending that BPractice:1. The patient was wa3. When I handed the report to John,he said George was the person _.CA.to send B. for sending C. to send it to D. for sending it to 4.There are five pairs _, but Im at a

19、 loss Bwhich to buy.A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing3. When I handed the report to5. To fetch water before breakfast seemed to me a rule_.BA. To never break B. never to be broken C. never to have broken D. never to be breaking 5. To fetch water before break不定式1不定式的作用例1

20、NMET 2000 第19题Ive work with children before, so I know what _ in my job. BA. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects该题考查疑问+不定式在句中做宾语的用法。英语中有一些动词后可以跟一个疑问词的不定式做宾语，如：tell, discuss, know, show, learn, decide, wonder, explain不定式1不定式的作用例1 NMET 2000 第19题不定式1不定式的作用例2 NMET 1999 第21题The purpose of

21、 new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult.A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make.B因为主语是the purpose，在（purpose, wish, promise, plan）后常跟不定式，故表语要用不定式，to不能省略，因此构成the purpose is tonot todo 句型，故选B 。不定式1不定式的作用例2 NMET 1999 第21题不定式2不定式的时态和语态例3 NMET 1997第12题I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. to go B. having gone C. going D. to have goneD该题考查动词不定式做宾语的用法。would love(like) to 是固定搭配，因此B、C、不合题意。Would love +不定式一般式，表示“想，希望”，而接不定式完成式则表示“原本希望而未曾实现”的意思。不定式2不定式的时态和语态例3 NMET 1997第1例4 NMET 2002