力拓戴钻石矿风力发电项目

1、力拓集团戴维克钻石矿风力发电项目项目背景：戴维克（Diavik）钻石矿位于加拿大北部的荒凉地带。由于离电网过远，矿区一直依赖柴油发电。但是苦于地区偏远，基础设施不完善，运送柴油的车辆只能在温度极低，路被冻上之后才能将柴油运进矿区，而这种结冰期每年只能持续两个月，因此为了维持柴油发电机的运转，矿区需要存储大量的柴油。为了解决能源问题，2012年10月，戴维克启用了一个风力发电站，该电站具有4个风电机组，计划每年供电17千兆瓦小时。行动方案：2007年，公司在矿区建立了一个50米高的气象观测塔，以协助公司进行风能资源评估和可行性研究。该研究显示可以利用当地的风能资源且能为公司带来正的经济效益。随后

2、，力拓集团和哈利温斯顿珠宝（Harry Winston Diamonds）共投资3000万美元建设发电站。2012年，机组的60个部件在结冰期通过冰上公路被运送到矿区。每一个机组高达100米，拥有一个安纳康（Enercon）E70发电机。该发电机采用无传动直驱设计并有3个长达33米的环氧树脂叶片。每个叶片重达6.5吨，最高转速为285千米/小时。叶片还配备了除冰科技，能够抵抗零下40摄氏度的低温，成为风力发电站抵御低温的一个里程碑。戴维克原来预期用风力发电代替10%的柴油发电，同时每年减少12000吨的温室气体排放，实际情况好于预期。由于机组坐落在离海平面416英尺高的地方，那里的西北风和东南

3、风达到26千米/小时，足够提供达成目标所需的能源。而且当地风速有时在极短的时间内能达到122千米/小时，为工厂提供高达58%的能源需求，超额完成任务。公司还计划与当地社区分享风力发电的经验。其用于研究的气象观测塔已被捐赠给了西北领地第一民族财团，用来研究耶洛奈夫（Yellowknife）附近风力发电的可行性。公司还会对其日后的建设工作给予帮助。绩效收益：2013年，风力发电站为矿区提供了8.5%的电力，为戴维克节约了380万升燃料，约合500万美元，并减少了约75车通过冰上公路运输的燃料。2014年第一季度该电站为矿区提供了11.2%的电力，大大降低了燃料成本。借鉴意义：力拓在戴维克启用了一个

4、风力发电站，以解决当地电力短缺的问题。此举不仅大大降低了运营成本，且还计划与当地社区分享风力发电的经验。由此说明，对清洁能源的开发利用能满足企业在一些特殊条件下的生产需求，也对企业形象有利。Wind Power Project by Rio Tinto Diavik Diamond MineBackground:Diavik Diamond Mine is located in a remote area of northern Canada. As the site was too far away from the electric grid the mine relied exclusi

5、vely on diesel generation. In order to keep the diesel generators operating, the mine required a large amount of on-site diesel storage. Supplies could only be replenished during a critical two-month period when the seasonal winter ice-road was available. In October 2012, Diavik Diamond Mine in nort

6、hern Canada commissioned a four-turbine wind farm, with the expectation that it would be able to provide 17 Gigawatt hours of renewable energy a year.Actions:In 2007, a 50 meter high meteorological tower was installed at the mine site for a wind resource assessment study and a pre-feasibility study.

7、 Both studies proved that there was a viable wind resource and the economics of a wind farm were robust as well. A US$30 million investment was approved by mine owners RioTinto and Harry Winston Diamonds. The 2012 winter road was used to transport 60 loads of components for the turbines to the site.

8、 Each 100-metre-high assembly features an Enercon E70 generator with gearless direct-drive design and sports three 33-metre epoxy-resin blades. Each blade weighs a hefty 6.5 tones and has a top running speed of 285 kilometers per hour at the tip. The blades are fitted with de-icing technology to wit

9、hstand temperatures as cold as minus 40 degrees Celsius. In fact, they represent a new benchmark for wind generation in low temperatures.Diaviks initial goal was to displace ten per cent of the diesel generation, and avoid 12,000 tons of greenhouse gas emissions per year. The results are promising.

10、At 416 feet above sea level, prevailing northwest and southeast winds kick up at an average 26 kilometers per hour, which can provide enough power to meet the companys goal. Sometimes they have been measured as fast as 122 kilometers per hour and have, for very brief times, supplied as much as 58 pe

11、rcent of the plants operational energy requirements. Diavik plans to share what it has learned with communities inthearea. The company has donated the meteorological tower to a First Nations business consortium in the Northwest Territories, which is investigating the feasibility of wind power around

12、 Yellowknife. Diavik will also provide further support for the wind farms construction in future.Benefits:The wind farm produced 8.5 per cent of the mines power in 2013 and 11.2 per cent in the first quarter of 2014. In 2013, it saved Diavik 3.8 million litres of fuel, or $5 million, and cut back on

13、 the winter road fuel haul by approximately 75 loads, which largely reduced fuel cost of the company.Significance:Rio Tinto commissioned a four-turbine wind farm in Diavik Diamond Mine of northern Canada so as to resolve power shortages there. This program reduces the cost of production. Whats more, company also plans to